 INTRODUCTION:

A water dispenser, known as water cooler (if used for cooling only), is

a machine that dispenses and often also cools or heats up water with a
refrigeration unit. It is commonly located near the restroom due to closer
access to plumbing. A drain line is also provided from the water cooler into
the sewer system.
Water dispensers come in a variety of form factors, ranging from wall-
mounted to bottle filler water dispenser combination units, to bi-level units
and other formats. They are generally broken up into two categories: point-
of-use (POU) water dispensers and bottled water dispensers. POU water
dispensers are connected to a water supply, while bottled water dispensers
require delivery (or self-pick-up) of water in large bottles from vendors.
Bottled water dispensers can be top-mounted or bottom-loaded, depending
on the design of the model.
Bottled water dispensers typically use 11- or 22-liter (5- or 10-gallon)
dispensers commonly found on top of the unit. Pressure coolers are a
subcategory of water dispensers encompassing drinking water fountains
and direct-piping water dispensers. Water cooler may also refer to a
primitive device for keeping water cool.

 HARDWARE/COMPONENTS:
 Tip32
 IR Sensor
 1K ohm
 DC water pump
 9V Battery
 THEORY/DESCRIPTION:
A branded automatic water dispenser is usually expensive. So, a relatively
low-cost do-it-yourself solution is presented here. It is a portable general-
purpose automatic water dispenser perfectly suitable for homes to wash
hands or feed water to pets. The presented system also offers many
possibilities for extensions.

The system consists of three key segments: infrared (IR) sensor, water
pump driver, and mini submersible water pump. Also, there is a power
supply block that holds a couple of standard dry cells.

The use of an IR sensor is a practical way to build an automatic water

dispenser. While industrial-grade sensors are extremely efficient, most
readymade pre-wired sensor modules are prone to iterated false triggering,
which badly affects the intended performance. You also have to properly
mount the sensors so that these are not exposed to strong sunlight/ambient
light. These sensors should be covered partially to prevent erroneous
operation.

To keep the complexity and cost within limits, a reliable IR sensor has been
developed with the help of a PLL tone decoder IC NE567.

This tone and frequency decoder is a highly stable phase-locked loop (PLL)
with synchronous AM lock detection and power output circuitry. Its primary
function is to drive a load whenever a sustained frequency within its
detection band is present at the self-biased input. The bandwidth centre
frequency and output delay are independently set using just four external
components.

The next key component is the compact TCRT5000L reflective sensor,

which includes a 950nm IR emitter and phototransistor in a leaded package
that blocks visible light.
 WATER PUMP DRIVER:
Any 3-6V water pump motor should work with this little driver built around
transistor T2. (It is recommended to use a prime version water pump for a
permanent fixture.) Just attach a small rubber/silicone hose to the motor
outlet, and submerge it in water to run it. Make sure that the water level is
always higher than the motor as dry run will damage the water pump motor
in a flash. Fortunately, we can prevent such a mishap by adding a mini float
switch to the wiring of the water pump.

Here, S8550 pnp transistor (T2) is used as a high-side switch to drive the
water pump motor (M1). Since the transistor switches the high voltage on
and off (instead of ground), the setup provides a good return path when the
water pump motor is turned off, and hence there’s not much undesired
electromagnetic interference (EMI).

Further, when the output of IC1 goes high (idle state), the base resistor
(R7) of T2 is floating. So, the VBE of T2 becomes 0V (5.3–5.3=0) and
keeps T2 and M1 dead off.
Nevertheless, the driver circuitry can be replaced with a low-current 5V
relay because IC1 can merrily source current up to 100mA.

 CIRCUIT AND WORKING OF AUTOMATIC WATER

DISPENSER:
Here in this work the block diagram of the operations of the system of
Automatic Water Dispenser is presented. It consists of the following major
units: Sensors, Microcontrollers, Display Unit, TDS, and Water
temperature. The diagram below shows the flow of operations in the
system as well as their interoperability. Taking the advantage we use the
water level sensor, when the water touches the sensor positioned on a
particular level in the tank than the voltage is transferred to the copper
which in turn transferred to the circuit for the further processing. Since we
are using the microcontroller in the circuit then the HIGH and LOW is fed
into the microcontroller which in turn uses this for controlling of the water
level. The output of the water level is displayed on the LCD (Liquid Crystal
Display) screen. The microcontroller is programmed which is used to
control the functionalities of the whole system.
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION:

In this work, the microcontroller for the Automatic Water Dispenser with
feedback, have passed the necessary test with the other components
interfaced to it. With this system is implemented is possible to monitor
the water level in the water tank, switching on the water when the tanks
get empty and switches off the water when the tanks get full, the water
TDS, water temperature, and automatic ejection of water from the tap
this all process is done without any need of human interference. As
already we have seen in the previous section that the microcontroller is
the base of this project or we can say that it is the heart of the project as
all the control and signal is passed through the microcontroller. The LCD
is interfaced with the microcontroller to give the output of the water level
the TDS and the temperature of water, and the automatic ejection of the
water helps human being, that without touching the water tap they are
 getting sufficient, pure and temperature controlled water. The upper limit
of TDS in drinking water is 500ppm.

 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION :

Automatic water Dispenser system employs the use of different
technologies in the whole design its development and implementation.
The system is used by the microcontroller to automatic the process of
water which is used by human beings and it has the ability to detect the
level of water, the TDS of water, the temperature of water, and the use
of the LCD in this system provides the output which is very useful for
human beings.