Hall Ticket

Problem Statement- 01
Engine Information given
4-Cylinder Model according to the
information given in the question
Solution statement

• To provide high end torque to the car for highway drivability, the necessity of the
engine is to be calibrated in its intake side.
• To increase the high end torque at high RPM, few parameters might be changed in
calibration and duct sizes.
• Changing the intake runner lengths would allow decrease in time it takes air
pressure pulses to reverberate back down to valve and sync with valve openings at
high RPM thereby affecting high end torque.
• Runner throat diameters can be changed to provide boost to the intake air allowing
the engine to breathe easier at high speeds.
• Valve timings can be calibrated such that, intake valve can be opened early to
provide more time for intake air to travel and close slightly late to utilise the speed.
Whereas, shift the exhaust valve opening slightly forward reducing valve overlap.
Iteration 1
Keeping the intake runner length as 100mm with 35mm throat diameter with more valve
overlap.

RPM RUNNER Runner throat AFR Valve Overlap

OVERALL diameter (mm)
LENGTH (mm)
1000 100 35 14.7 20
2000 100 35 14.7 20
3000 100 35 14.7 20
4000 100 35 14.7 20
5000 100 35 14.7 20
Brake Torque produced with that information
Brake Power produced
Nox emissions with given data
Iteration 2
Changing the runner length to 80mm with decrease in valve overlap to utilize the high
RPM to develop more torque

RPM RUNNER Runner throat AFR Valve Overlap

OVERALL diameter (mm)
LENGTH (mm)
1000 80 35 14.7 10
2000 80 35 14.7 10
3000 80 35 14.7 10
4000 80 35 14.7 10
5000 80 35 14.7 10
After 2st iteration- torque increased by ~2 Nm
Iteration 3
Increasing the runner length slightly while providing extra boost to the inlet air charge by
restricting throat diameter.

RPM RUNNER Runner throat AFR Valve Overlap

OVERALL diameter (mm)
LENGTH (mm)
1000 85 30 14.7 10
2000 85 30 14.7 10
3000 85 30 14.7 10
4000 85 30 14.7 10
5000 85 30 14.7 10
After 3rd iteration- torque increased by 3Nm
No effect on Brake power and emissions
By changing these parameters, we were able to increase high end torque of the car to help
the customer for better drivability on highways.

Note- the WAVE model attached contains 2 valves/cylinder as modelling 4 valves/cylinder

is yet to be taught.