Date: _____________

Topic / Sub Topic : 2.1: CELL AS THE BASIC UNIT OF LIFE/Cell- Structure, Function and Organisation

WHAT IS A CELL?

A cell is the ________________________ its size too small and can only be seen with the help
of a ______________________

Its function is to carry out life processes

There are 7 basic life processes:
1. Nutrition
2. ________________________
3. ________________________
4. ________________________
5. ________________________
6. ________________________
7. ________________________

Undergo ______________________
to form new cells
and replace damaged cells.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
1. Label the main parts of the microscope by using the words given in the box.

EYEPIECE OBJECTIVE LENS DIAPHRAGM COARSE FOCUS KNOB

ARM BASE FINE FOCUS KNOB CLIP

BODY TUBE MIRROR STAGE

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
2. The function of each part of the light microscope.

PARTS FUNCTION

To observe specimen and enlarge the image formed by the objective

a)
lens.

b) To align the position of eyepiece with the objective lens.

c) Enables greater magnification of a specimen (4X, 10X or 40X)

For getting a rough focus of specimen by moving body tube up or

d)
down.

e) For setting a sharp focus of a specimen.

f) A platform to put slides on the specimen.

g) To hold the glass slide on the stage.

h) To control the amount of light entering the objective lens.

i) To reflect light into the objective lens.

j) To support the microscope on the stable position.

k) For holding and taking the microscope.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
EXERCISES

1. Diagram 1.1 shows a microscope.

L:

M:

L:

Diagram 1.1

(a) Name the parts labeled L, M and N in diagram 1.1 using the following words.

Objective lens Eyepiece Diaphragm

(3 marks)

(b) X is used to hold the microscope. Label X in Diagram 1.1 (1 mark)

(c) Based on the part labeled Z, complete Table 1.2.

Name of part Function of part

(2 marks)

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
FUNCTIONS OF STRUCTURE IN ANIMAL CELLS AND PLANT CELLS

a) Draw and label an animal cell and a plant cell in the boxes provided.

Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Cell membrane

AN ANIMAL CELL

Nucleus Cytoplasm Mitochondria Cell membrane

Cell wall Vacuole Chloroplast

A PLANT CELL

b) Fill in the blanks to show the similarities, differences, characteristics and the function of the various
structures of an animal and a plant cell.

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 SIMILARITIES
STRUCTURE CARACTERISTIC FUNCTION
• a thin skin that envelops the • Controls substances moving
a)
cell. _________ or ________ of the cell.
• Stores ___________________ and
b) • material.
__________________products.
• ______________________ • Controls all of
c)
structure. the cell.
• small organelles floating free • Produces _______________ for
d)
throughout the cell. reactions

DIFFERENCES
Animal Cell Aspects Plant Cell

Has an indefinite and Has a ________________

variable shape. SHAPE and fixed shape.

Has no . CELL WALL Has a .

Properties:
• A thick layer of around
the plant cell.
Function:
• and gives a ____________
shape to the plant cell.
Has no
_________________. CHLOROPLAST Has __________________

Properties:
• Tiny disc like structures.
• Contains .
Function:
• To sunlight for
___________________________.

Has no . VACOULE Has VACOULE.

Properties:
• Filled with cell sap.
Function:
• Stores and solutions.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
 What is PROTOPLASM?

PROTOPLASM the structure in the

cell consist of and
________________________

EXERCISES

1. Diagram 1 shows two types of cells.

Cell X Cell Y
Diagram 1

a) Label two of the following structures in Diagram 1 for cell X

Cell membrane chloroplast Cytoplasm

[2 marks]

b) P contains genetic information. It controls all the activities of the cell.

Label ‘P’ of cell Y on Diagram 1. [1 mark]

c) Which of the cell shown in Diagram 1 is a plant cell?

_____________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

d) Give one reason for your answer in (c).

_____________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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UNICELLULAR AND MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS

What is the meaning of ORGANISMS?

ANSWER: ________________________________________________

What is the meaning of MICROORGANISMS?

ANSWER: Living things which can only be seen under the

_____________________________________

What is the meaning of UNICELLULAR Organisms?

ANSWER: Living things that are made up of _____________________.

What is the meaning of MULTICELLULAR Organisms?

ANSWER: Living things that are made up of _____________________.

_______________________________________________

‘Uni’ means ‘one’ ‘Multi’ means ‘many’

‘Micro’ means ‘very small’

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
1) Name these organisms with the answer provided in the box.

Hydra Spirogyra Chlamydomonas Yeast Mucor

Paramecium Amoeba Pleurococcus Euglena

Flagellum
Flagellum

pseudopodium

a) b) c)

d) e) f)

g) h) i)

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
2) State whether each of the organisms listed below is unicellular or multicellular.

Shark Amoeba Human being Hydra Mushroom

Euglena chicken Chlamydomonas Hibiscus plant Bacteria
Earthworm Yeast Starfish Paramecium cat

UNICELLULAR MULTICELLULAR

3) Classify the organisms below as unicellular or multicellular organisms.

Hydra Spirogyra Chlamydomonas Yeast Mucor

Paramecium Amoeba Pleurococcus Euglena

Microorganisms

Unicellular Microorganisms Multicellular Microorganisms

Plants Animals Plants Animals

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
EXERCISES

1. U, V and W in Diagram 4 are three different organisms.

U V W

Diagram 4

(a) Name the organisms:

U: W: [2 marks]

(b) State a similarity between organism U and V.

_________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

(c) Which of the organisms:

(i) can change its shape? _______________________________

(ii) consist of more than one cell? __________________________

(iii) can make its own food?: ______________________________ [3 marks]

(d) Give a reason for your answer in c (iii).

_______________________________________________________________________ [1 mark]

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
THE TYPES OF ANIMAL CELLS AND PLANT CELLS AND ITS FUNCTION

What is the meaning of CELL?

ANSWER: Cell is the_____________________ of all living

things.

ANIMAL CELLS

1) Identify each type of cells and fill in the blanks to state the function.

Type of cell Name of cell Function

 Carry _________________ to
different parts of the body.
 Have no _____________
a)  _________________ shaped to
_____________ surface area.
 contain ______________
(function: to transport oxygen to all
parts of the body.
 transport _______________ from
cells to the lungs.

b)
 ___________________ the
___________________ that get
inside the body.
 change their form to surround
_________________ and destroy
them
c)

___________________ and
___________________ the body.

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 Type of cell Name of cell Function
d)

contract and relax muscles to enable

_____________________.

e) Carry _________________
(messages/information in the form of
electrical signals) to different parts of
the body.

f)
join together to form the
_____________________ that covers
the body.

g)

store ______________ for the body.

h)
carry _________________
______________________.

i)

carry _________________
______________________.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
 THE FORMATION OF AN ORGANISM

The cells in human body do not work individually. _______________ is made

up of the same type of cells that work together to perform a function.

Examples: i) A group of muscle cell will form muscle tissue.

ii) A group of epithelium cell will form _______________________.
iii) A group of nerve cell will form ___________________________

Then, the muscles in human body do not work individually. ______________ is

made up of the same type of tissues that work together to perform a function.

1) Label all the main organs in human body below:

Lung Large intestine Ear Heart Tongue Eye

Testis Kidney Stomach Liver Brain Nose
Small intestine Urinary bladder

To control
To receive light for activities of the
1. 14.
seeing body.

13. To detect sound

To detect smell 2.
To absorb
To detect taste 3. oxygen and
give out
12. carbon
To pump blood in dioxide
the body 4.
11. To break
down waste
To get rid of waste substances
products 5.
10. To digest
food

6. 9. To absorb
To absorb water
digested food
7.
8.
To store urine
To produce sperm

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
 The organs in human body do not work individually too. _________is made up of
the different organs that work together to perform a function.

2) Name the systems, main organs and their function in human system below.

SYSTEMS MAIN ORGANS FUNCTIONS

1)
1)
2)
3)
• and
4)
______________ food in
5)
the body
6)
7)
8)
The system.
2)

• Inhales _____________
1) and exhales
2) ____________________
3) __________from the
body.

The system.
3)

• Transport
_______________and
1) ___________ to all parts
2) of the body.
3) • Transport ______
______________ to the
excretory organs.

The system.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
 SYSTEMS MAIN ORGANS FUNCTIONS
4)

• Coordinates all the

body’s activities.
• Receives
1)
_______________ from
2)
the surrounding and
3)
determines the
______________ to the
stimulation.

The system.
(5)

1) • Removes
2) _______________produ
3) cts from the body.

The system.
(6)

• Enables body
1)
______________.

The system.

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 SYSTEMS MAIN ORGANS FUNCTIONS
(7)

• _______________the
1)
body.
2)
• Protects the
3)
_______________organ
4)
s.
5)
• Enables body
6)
movement.

The system.
(8)

1)
• produces
2)
_______________
3)

The female reproductive system.

1) • produces
2) _______________

The male reproductive system.

The system.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
 SYSTEMS MAIN ORGANS FUNCTIONS
(9)

1)
2)
3) • Produces
4) _______________
5)
6)

The system.
(10)

• Transport lymphatic fluid

to the blood vessel.
1) Lymph nodes
• Protects the body from
2) Lymphatic vessel
disease-causing
organisms.

The system.
(11)

• _______________ the
body from ___________
1) ____________________
• ________________
body temperature.

The _________________________ system.

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
 3) Complete the flow chart showing cell organisation.

CELL TISSUE ORGAN SYSTEM ORGANISM

-made up of the
-made up of the
. -made up of the ________________
-made up of the ________________ ________________
________________ ________________
-the ________ ________________ ________________
________________ ________________
____________ ________________ that work ________________
________________ that work that work together
____________ together to perform a function. that work together to
together to perform a function. to perform a
perform a function.
function.

+ +

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru
EXERCISES

1. The diagram shows the human system.

a) Label the organs shown in the above diagram.

b) What is a tissue?

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

c) Give an example of cell and an example of tissue.

Cell: ____________________________________________________________________

Tissue: __________________________________________________________________

d) Name the system shown in the above diagram.

________________________________________________________________________

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| Science Panel | Sekolah Tun Fatimah Johor Bahru