7

LEARNING ACTIVITY
SHEET
IN SCIENCE

Quarter 3- LAS 1-2

Motion in One Dimension
SCIENCE 7
Quarter 3 – Lesson 1 - LAS 1-2: Motion in one dimension
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Name of Student: _________________________________________________________

Learning Area- Grade level & Section: _____________________________________
Date: _____________________________________________________________________
 Introductory concept
Our universe is full of objects in motion. When you look unto the sky in the
morning, you can see moving objects across the sky like birds, airplanes, and clouds-
everything in our universe is in motion. Kinematics is the study of motion without
considering its causes. Kinematics involves describing motion through properties such as
position, time, velocity, and acceleration.
In this module, you are going to explore the motion in one dimension.

Learning Skills
Describe the motion of an object in terms of distance or displacement, speed or
velocity, and acceleration

Learning Activities

A. Loop- a- word
Identify the words that can be associated in describing the motion of an object.

R A I T R T V C A R T Y I G
D I S T A N C E Q R H X B U
R A P I C E U F H K K T E E
D R E V E A K K G D R T C M
P S E E T I N B A V N K T I
O S D I S P L A C E M E N T
S G H Y F R A F F L A A E T
I U F H D D P R M O T I O N
T T E T U I S O C C E R I N
I Y U I F E E A G I F F E O
O A C C E L E R A T I O N E
N T Y F H J A A E Y B V D A
Write your answers here
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
 A. Identify the word in the box that best describes each statement.

Distance Position Frame of reference

Displacement Velocity Speed scalar
Kinematics Acceleration vector

______________________1. Location of an object at any particular time

______________________2. The study of how things move
______________________3. An arbitrary set of axes from which the position and
motion of an object is described
______________________4. A scalar quantity which covers the length
of the path between the initial and final positions
of an object.
______________________5. A vector quantity that describes the net change in
position in a particular direction
______________________6. The rate in which the object changes its location
______________________7. It describes the speed and direction of an object
______________________8. It describes the change in velocity over a period of
time in which the change occurs.
______________________9. A quantity that can be completely describes by
magnitude or size without regard to direction
______________________10. A quantity that have both magnitude and
direction

Analysis
The motion of an object is best described by its position at any particular time
relative to a convenient frame of reference. A frame of reference is an arbitrary
set of axes from which the position and motion of an object are described.
Look at the illustration at the right. How will
you describe the position of the moving
bicycle as the man drives the bicycle
forward? Consider that the bicycle starts from
rest.
Answer: _______________________________
_________________________________
_________________________________
What are the elements that will describe that the object is moving?
Answer: ____________________________________________________________________________
I. Distance vs. displacement
The distance is the length of path between the initial and final position of the object. It
can be expressed as:
Distance= initial position + final position (d= di + df
The length in which the bicycle rider (in the illustration above) covers from initial
position (from rest) to his final destination referred to the distance.
Meanwhile, displacement is the net change in position of an object. It is expressed as:
Δd = df– d0
Displacement df = final position
Greek letter delta, Δ, means change in d0 = initial position
If the final position is the same as the initial position, the Δd= 0; meaning it cancelled
each other out when added together. Take for example:

A man driving a tricycle from home headed to a gasoline station to load gas which is 5
km away. After loading the gas, it heads back home covering a total distance of 10 km since
the tricycle ended up in the same starting point. Hence;
Δd = df– d0= 0
Δd= 5 km from gasoline station to original position- 5 km from original position to gasoline
station
Explain when the displacement of an object is equal to zero?
Answer:
________________________________________________________________________

Let us try!
1. Calculating distance and displacement

1. A cyclist rides 3 km heading North and

then turns east and rides 2 km. a. What is
the distance ride? What is the
displacement of cyclist?
a. Distance= 3 km + 2 km= 5 km
b. Displacement= 3 km, N+ 2 Km, E= 5 km
 2. Alice used to jog every day starting from their house up to Bagasbas Beach which
is 4 km away. Going home, she also jogs starting from Bagasbas Beach. Can you
supply the needed information below?
a. Distance: 4 km + 4 km= 8 km
b. Displacement: 4 kmdf – 4 kmdi= 0

Can you explain your answer in b? Because the final position is the same as the
initial position

II. Speed vs. Velocity

Galilei was the first to measure speed by comparing the distance covered with the time
it takes to move that distance. He defined speed as the distance covered per amount of travel
time:

Speed= distance covered / travel time or s= d/t

Take for example:
Show that the speed of a rabbit that runs a distance of 30 meters in 2 seconds is 15 m/s

S= 30 m/ 2 sec = 15 m/sec

Your turn:
Problem: Suppose a car travels 150 km in 3.2 hours. What is the speed of the
car?

Answer: S= 150 km/ 3.2 h = 47 km/h

Average speed can be calculated by the total distance covered over total travel time.
Average speed= distancetotal/ Timetotal

Problem: What is the average speed of a cheetah that sprints 100 m in 4

sec?
Answer: Average speed= 100 m / 4 sec= 25m/s

Abstraction
 1. How will you describe the distance and displacement of the moving objects?
2. What is the difference between speed and velocity?
3. What is the difference between average speed and average velocity?
4. What is acceleration?

Remember
Velocity is a vector quantity that describes the speed and direction of an object.
It has SI units of meters per second (m/s) and because it is a vector, it also indicates
direction. For example, if the tricycle travels at 40 km/h, it denotes its speed, but if we say a
tricycle is moving at 40km/h heading North, it specifies velocity.
Velocity= displacement/ time
Take for instance the previous example. How fast is the cheetah that sprints 100 m heading
east in 4 sec? magnitude
Velocity= 100 m, east/ 4 sec= 25 m/s, east
Direction

Average velocity is the change in position divided by the change in time. It is expressed as:
Vavg = change in displacement/ change in time or Vavg= Δd/ Δt
Problem: A student sprints, starting from rest, at 304 m north in 180 s. What is the average
velocity of student?
Answer: Vavg= 304 m, North/ 180 s= 1.69m/s, North

III. Acceleration
Galileo developed the idea of acceleration in his experiments with inclined planes. He
found that balls rolling down inclined planes rolled faster and faster. The velocity changed as
they rolled. Further, the balls gained the same amount of speed in equal time intervals. He
defined acceleration as the rate of change of velocity over change in time:
Acceleration= change of velocity = a= Δv where Δv= vfinal- vinitial
time interval Δt Δt= tfinal - tinitial

Let us try!
Problem: A car moving initially at 10m/s accelerates up to 30 m/s during the
course of 4 seconds. What is the acceleration of the car?
Answer:
a= Δv/ Δt = 30 m/s – 10 m/s = 20 m/s = 5m/s/s or 5m/s2
4s 4s
 Application

1. Which of the following statements is true?

a. Displacement is a scalar and distance is a vector
b. Displacement is vector and distance is scalar
c. Neither displacement nor distance are vectors
d. Displacement and distance are always equal
2. Which of the following is the best description of a velocity?
a. 60 miles per hour c. 30 meters per second
b. 30 km at north of east d. 50km/ hr southwest
3. A jogger runs 3 km in 0.3 hr, then 7 km in 0.70 hr. What is the average speed of the
jogger?
a. 10 km/hr c. 1 km/hr
b. 3 km/hr d. 100 km/hr
4. A bus starting from a speed of +12 m/s slows to +6m/s in a time of 3 s. What is the
average acceleration of the bus?
a. 2m/s2 c. 3m/s2
b. 4 m/s2 d. – 2m/s2
5. Is it possible for average velocity to be negative?
a. Yes, in cases when the net displacement is negative
b. Yes, if the body keeps changing its direction during the motion
c. No, average velocity describes only magnitude and not the direction of the motion
d. No, average velocity describes only the magnitude in the positive direction of the
motion

Answer Key:

A. Activity
1. Loop- a- word
R A I T R T V C A R T Y I G
D I S T A N C E Q R H X B U
R A P I C E U F H K K T E E
R E V E A K K G D R T C M
P S E E T I N B A V N K T I
O S D I S P L A C E M E N T
S G H Y F R A F F L A A E T
I U F H D D P R M O T I O N
T T E T U I S O C C E R I N
I Y U I F E E A G I F F E O
O A C C E L E R A T I O N E
 N T Y F H J A A E Y B V D A

2. 1. Position 2. Kinematics 3. frame of reference 4. Distance

5. displacement 6. speed, 7. velocity, 8. acceleration, 9. scalar,
10, vector

B. Analysis

Answer: The position of the moving bicycle is changing with respect to the objects
(clouds, plants, trees, buildings) it passes by.
Answer: The bicycle changes its position, it covers a distance, it has speed, it has
elapse time from its point of origin to destination
Answer: The displacement is zero (0) if the final position of the object is the same its
initial position.

C. Abstraction

1. In describing the position of a moving object from initial position to its final
position, the distance traveled and displacement are the same. In describing the
entire round trip, distance and displacement are different. In describing distance, it
includes the magnitude, the size or amount, of the distance traveled. On the other
hand, in describing displacement, the magnitude of the change in position and the
direction of the movement are taken into account.
2. Speed is a rate at which an object changes its location. It is a scalar because it has
magnitude but not a direction. It depends on the time interval of motion. The SI
unit of speed is meter per second (m/s). Velocity is a vector quantity that describes
the speed and direction of an object. It has SI units of meters per second (m/s) and
because it is a vector, it also indicates direction.
3. An average speed is defined as the total distance a moving object covers divided
by the total time it takes to cover that distance. Average velocity is the change in
position divided by the change in time.
4. Acceleration tells us how fast velocity is changing. Its SI units are m/s/s or m/s 2. It
literally means how many meter per second the velocity changes every second.
Although acceleration is in the direction of the change in velocity, it does not
always in the direction of the motion. When an object is slowing down, its
acceleration is opposite to the direction of its motion. This is commonly called
deceleration.

D. Application
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A

References
Henderson, Hugh (2017). SAT Subject Test: Physics. 10th Edition. Kapalan
Publishing New York

Hewitt, P. G, Lyons, S, Suchocki, J, & Yeh, J. (2013). Conceptual

Integrated Science. 2nd Edition. Pearson Education, Inc.

https://youtu.be/ihNZlp7iUHE
Ling, S.J, Sanny, J.& Moebs, William (2018). University Physics. Volume 1.
Rice University. Houston Texas

Urone, P.P., Hinrichs, R., Gozuacik, F., Pattison, D., & Tabor, C. (2020).
Physics High School. Rice University. Houston Texas