08 December 2022 Daily Current Affairs by Deepak Yadav Education1

Deepak Yadav Education
Deepak Yadav Education
Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

The Future of Food and Agriculture: FAO

Why in News?
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization’s
(FAO) new report, The Future of Food and Agriculture —
Drivers and triggers for transformation, the world will
witness persistent food insecurity if agrifood systems
remain the same.
This report aims at inspiring strategic thinking and
actions to transform agrifood systems towards a
sustainable, resilient and inclusive future.
What are the Findings of the Report?

Drivers of Agrifood System:
There are 18 interconnected socio-economic and
environmental forces, called drivers, which
interacted and shaped the various

activities occurring within agrifood
systems, including farming, food
processing, and food consumption.
Poverty and inequalities, geopolitical
instability, scarcity and the degradation of
resources, and climate change are some of
the key drivers and how they are and their
management will determine what the future
of food looks like.
Concerns over Food Insecurity:

The world will witness persistent food
insecurity, degrading resources and
unsustainable economic growth in the future
if agrifood systems remain the same.

The world is “tremendously off track” to meet
the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG),
including agrifood targets.
Many of the SDGs are not on track and will only

be achieved if agrifood systems are
transformed properly to withstand ongoing
global adversity that undermines food security
and nutrition due to growing structural
inequalities and also regional inequalities.
By 2050, there will be 10 billion people in the world

to feed and this will be an unprecedented
challenge if significant attempts are not made to
reverse current trends.

There is a need to work on Key ‘triggers of
transformation’:
Improved governance.
Critical and informed consumers.
Better income and wealth distribution.
Innovative technologies and approaches.

What is the Food and Agriculture Organization?
About:
• FAO is a specialised agency of the United

Nations that leads international efforts to
defeat hunger.
• World Food Day is celebrated every year

around the world on 16th October. The day is
celebrated to mark the anniversary of the
founding of the FAO in 1945.
• It is one of the UN food aid organisations

based in Rome (Italy). Its sister bodies are
the World Food Programme and the
International Fund for Agricultural
Development (IFAD).

•Flagship Publications:
• The State of World Fisheries and

Aquaculture (SOFIA).
• The State of the World's Forests (SOFO).
• The State of Food Security and Nutrition

in the World (SOFI).
• The State of Food and Agriculture

(SOFA).
• The State of Agricultural Commodity

Markets (SOCO).

UPSC PYQ- 2016
India’s Progress in Tackling IMR, MMR and Malnutrition

Why in News?
The data presented by the Registrar General of
India (RGI) presents a gain in momentum of the
pace of decline in India’s maternal and infant
mortality rates (MMR and IMR) post-2005.
Unfortunately, nutrition is one key area that
has remained oblivious to any major progress.
What Progress has been Made in Reducing

MMRs and IMRs?
Declining Trends:
According to a special bulletin released by
the office of the RGI, India’s MMR was 97
during 2018-2020 compared to 301 during
2001-03.
The IMR has also been reduced to 27 (as
of 2021) compared to 58 in 2005.
The Rural-Urban difference in this
context has also been narrowed.
Role of NHM and NRHM: As observed, for the

last few years the National Rural Health
Mission (NRHM) and the National Health
Mission (NHM) has been a game changer for
the country in terms of mortality reductions
for infants and mothers.
The NRHM was launched in 2005 to

provide accessible and affordable
healthcare through a public system

of primary health care.
NHM was launched by the government of
India in 2013 subsuming the National Rural
Health Mission (Launched in 2005) and the
National Urban Health Mission (Launched
in 2013).
What is the Scenario of Tackling Malnutrition?
About:
Malnutrition is the condition that develops
when the body is deprived of vitamins,
minerals and other nutrients it needs to
maintain healthy tissues and organ
function.
Malnutrition occurs in people who are
either undernourished or over nourished.
Findings of NFHS 5:
The 5th National Family Health Survey
2019-21 reports 35.5% of children under 5
are stunted, 19.3% are wasted, and 32.1%
are underweight.
Meghalaya has the highest number of

stunted children (46.5%), followed by
Bihar (42.9%).
Maharashtra (25.6%) has the highest
percentage of wasted
children followed by Gujarat (25.1%).
Compared with NFHS-4, the prevalence
of overweight or obesity has increased in
most States/UTs in NFHS-5.
At the national level, it increased
from 21% to 24% among women and
19% to 23% among men.
The incidence of anaemia in under-5
children (from 58.6 to 67%), women (53.1
to 57%) and men (22.7 to 25%)
has worsened in all States of India.
Inefficiency of Govt. Initiatives:

The POSHAN Abhiyaan, though
innovative, is still not addressing the
institutional decentralised public

action challenge yet.
The initiatives for nutrition have
remained compartmentalised and
fragmented; the institutional role of local
panchayats and communities with untied
financial resources is still lagging.
Other Issues:
The vicious cycle of poverty,
undernutrition, diminished work capacity,
low earnings and poverty.
Infections like malaria and
measles precipitate acute malnutrition
and aggravate the existing nutritional
deficit.

Arbitrariness and inter-state-variation in
determining a household's BPL status
results in arbitrary identification of
hunger.
Negligence towards micro-nutrient
deficiency (hidden hunger) and inadequate
knowledge among mothers regarding nutrition
and breast-feeding.
What Should be the Reorganisation Principles

for Nutrition Success?
Vesting in grassroot level
administration (Gram Panchayat, Gram Sabha
and other community organisations),
the responsibility of education, health,
nutrition, etc.
UPSC PYQ- 2017
Global Report on Health Equity for Disables

Why in News?
Ahead of the International Day of Persons with
Disabilities (3rd December), the World Health
Organization (WHO) has released a report titled-
Global report on health equity for persons with
disabilities.

Statistics related to Disabilities:
Currently, some 1.3 billion people, or one in
six, worldwide suffer from major disabilities.
Because of the systemic and persistent health
inequities, many persons with disabilities face
the risk of dying much earlier—even up to 20
years earlier—than
persons without disabilities.
An estimated 80 % of people with
disabilities reside in low- and middle-
income countries with limited resources,
making it difficult to address these
inequities.
Risk of Disabilities:
They are at a two-fold risk of contracting
chronic
illnesses like asthma, depression, diabet
es, obesity, dental disorders and stroke.
Many of the discrepancies in health
outcomes cannot be attributed to
underlying health conditions but

rather to preventable, unfair and unjust
circumstances.
Some Factors for Inequity in Healthcare:
Hostile attitudes of healthcare providers
Non-comprehensible health information
formats
Physical barriers, lack of transportation, or
financial constraints that prevent access to a
health center.
What are the Recommendations?

It is crucial to ensure that people with disabilities
participate fully and effectively in all facets of
society and to instil inclusion, accessibility and non

-discrimination in the medical field.
Health systems should be alleviating the
challenges that people with disabilities face,
not adding to them.
Ensuring health equity for persons with

disabilities will also have wider benefits and
can advance global health priorities in 3 ways:
Health equity for all is critical towards

achieving universal health coverage;
Inclusive public health interventions that
are administered equitably across
different sectors can contribute to
healthier populations; and
Advancing health equity for persons with
disabilities is a central component in all
efforts to protect everyone in health
emergencies.
Governments, health partners and civil

society should ensure all health sector
actions are inclusive of persons with
disabilities so that they can enjoy their right
to the highest standard of health.

UPSC PYQ- 2011
Report on Forced Displacement: UNDP

Why in News?
According to the United Nations Development
Program (UNDP) report “Turning the tide on
internal displacement: A development approach
to solutions”, for the first time ever, more than
100 million people were forcibly displaced in
2022, most of them within their own countries.
Statistics:
At the end of 2021, there were over 59 million
people forcibly displaced within their own
countries due to conflict, violence, disasters
and climate change.
Before the war in Ukraine, 6.5 million

people are estimated to have been
internally displaced.
By 2050, climate change may force more
than an estimated 216 million people to
move within their own countries.
Disaster-related internal displacement is
even more widespread, with new
displacements recorded in over 130
countries and territories in 2021.
Around 30% of professional lives became

unemployed and 24% were not able to earn
money the same way as before. 48% of the
internally displaced households earned
less money than before displacement.

Impact:
The internally displaced persons struggle to
cover their basic needs, find decent work or
have a stable source of income.
Female and youth-headed households are
more impacted.
Sub-Saharan Africa, the Middle East and North
Africa and parts of the Americas are the mostly
affected regions from forced displacement.
The direct impact of internal displacement

globally is estimated at over USD 21.5 billion in
2021 in the form of the financial cost of
providing every internally displaced person
with housing, education,

health and security, and accounts.
Lack of Proper and Commonly Accepted
Statistics about displacement has led to a lack
of policies for displaced people.
Suggestions:
Longer-term development action is needed to
reverse record levels of internal
displacement, with millions more people
predicted to be uprooted by climate change.
Humanitarian aid alone cannot overcome
record levels of internal displacement globally.
There is a need to devise new ways to address
the consequences of internal
displacement through a

development approach.
Five key pathways to development
solutions can be adopted, which are,
• Strengthening governance
institutions
• Boosting socio-economic
integration through access to
jobs and services
• Restoring security
• Enhancing participation
• Building social cohesion

Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Why in News?
The President of India paid floral tributes to Dr. Rajendra
Prasad, the First President of India, on his birth
anniversary at Rashtrapati Bhavan on 3rd December 2022.
Who was Dr. Rajendra Prasad?

Birth:
Son of Mahadev Sahai, he was born in Zeradei,
Siwan, Bihar on 3rd December 1884.
Education:
He joined the famed Calcutta Presidency College in
1902.
In 1915, Prasad appeared in the examination of
master's in law from

the Department of Law, University of
Calcutta, passed the examination and won a
gold medal.
In 1916, he commenced his legal career in the

Patna High Court. He completed his Doctorate
in Law from Allahabad University in 1937.
Role in Fight for Freedom:

Association with Gandhiji:
While Gandhiji was on a fact-finding
mission in Chamaparan district of Bihar to
address grievances of local peasants, he
called on Dr. Rajendra Prasad to come to
Champaran with volunteers.
Gandhiji’s influence greatly altered
many of his views, most importantly
on caste and untouchability.
The Champaran Satyagraha not only

brought him closer to Mahatma Gandhi, but
also changed the entire course of his life.
The Rowlatt Act of 1918 and
the Jallianwala Bagh massacre of
1919 pushed Rajendra Prasad closer to
Gandhiji.
Call for Non-cooperation:

Dr. Prasad called for non-cooperation in
Bihar as part of Gandhiji’s non-cooperation

movement.
National College:
He gave up his law practice and started
a National College near Patna, 1921.
Salt Satyagraha:
In March 1930, Gandhiji launched the Salt
Satyagraha. Under the guidance of Dr.
Prasad, a salt Satyagraha was launched in
Nakhas Pond, Bihar.
Batch after batch of volunteers
courted arrest while making salt. He
called for more volunteers.
Public opinion forced the Government
to withdraw the
police and allow the volunteers to
make salt.
He then sold the manufactured salt to
raise funds. He was sentenced to six
months imprisonment.
Dr. Prasad & Indian National Congress:

He officially joined the Indian National
Congress in 1911, during its annual session
held in Calcutta.
He presided over the Bombay session of the
Indian National Congress in October 1934.
Following the resignation of Subhash Chandra
Bose as the President of the Congress in April
1939, He was elected

President for the second time.
In 1946, he joined the Interim Government of Pandit
Jawaharlal Nehru as the Minister of Food &
Agriculture and gave the slogan of “Grow More Food”.
Dr. Prasad & Constituent Assembly:

In July 1946, when the Constituent
Assembly was established to frame
the Constitution of India, he was elected its
President.
Committees of Constituent Assembly under the
chairmanship of Dr. Prasad includes:
• Ad hoc Committee on the National flag
• Committee on the Rules of Procedure
• Finance and Staff Committee

• Steering Committee
Two and a half years after independence, on
26th January 1950, the Constitution of
independent India was ratified and he was
elected India's First President.
Awards & Recognition:

In 1962, after 12 years as President, Dr. Prasad
retired, and was subsequently awarded the Bharat
Ratna, the nation’s highest civilian award.
Dr. Prasad recorded his life and the decades
before independence in many books, which
includes:
• Satyagraha at Champaran
• India Divided
• His autobiography “Atmakatha”
• Mahatma Gandhi and Bihar, Some
Reminisences
• Bapu ke Kadmon Mein
Death:
Dr. Rajendra Prasad spent the last few months of
his life in retirement at the Sadaqat Ashram in
Patna.
He died on 28th February 1963.

Indo-French Partnership on Kaziranga
Project

Why in News?
India and France are collaborating

on Kaziranga Project.
Agence Française de Développement (AFD)

of France has committed funding of €80.2
million for a 10-year period, between 2014-
2024.
What is Kaziranga Project?
The Kaziranga project is a part of

a larger Assam Project on Forest and
Biodiversity Conservation (APFBC).

Kaziranga National Park?
•Location:
• It is located in the State of Assam and
covers 42,996 Hectare (ha).
• It is the single largest undisturbed and
representative area in the Brahmaputra Valley
floodplain.
•Legal Status:
• It was declared as a National Park in 1974.
• It has been declared a tiger reserve since 2007.
It has a total tiger reserve area of 1,030 sq km
with a core area of 430 sq. km.
•International Status:
• It was declared a UNESCO World Heritage
Site in 1985.
• It is recognized as an Important Bird Area by
BirdLife International.

Kaziranga National Park?
•Biodiversity:
• It is the home of the world's most one-horned
rhinos.
• Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary has the highest

density of one-horned rhinos in the world
and second highest number of Rhinos in
Assam after Kaziranga National Park.
• Much of the focus of conservation efforts in

Kaziranga are focused on the 'big four' species
- Rhino, Elephant, Royal Bengal tiger and
Asiatic water buffalo.
• Kaziranga is also home to 9 of the 14

species of primates found in the Indian
subcontinent.

UPSC PYQ- 2013
Thank
You

08 December 2022 Daily Current Affairs by Deepak Yadav Education1

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08 December 2022 Daily Current Affairs by Deepak Yadav Education1

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Deepak Yadav Education

Deepak Yadav Education

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

What are the Findings of the Report?

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Concerns over Food Insecurity:

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Many of the SDGs are not on track and will only

By 2050, there will be 10 billion people in the world

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

• FAO is a specialised agency of the United

• World Food Day is celebrated every year

• It is one of the UN food aid organisations

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

• The State of World Fisheries and

• The State of the World's Forests (SOFO).

• The State of Food Security and Nutrition

• The State of Food and Agriculture

• The State of Agricultural Commodity

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

What Progress has been Made in Reducing

Role of NHM and NRHM: As observed, for the

The NRHM was launched in 2005 to

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

What is the Scenario of Tackling Malnutrition?

Meghalaya has the highest number of

Inefficiency of Govt. Initiatives:

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

What Should be the Reorganisation Principles

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

What are the Findings of the Report?

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

What are the Recommendations?

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Ensuring health equity for persons with

Health equity for all is critical towards

Governments, health partners and civil

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Around 30% of professional lives became

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

The direct impact of internal displacement

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Who was Dr. Rajendra Prasad?

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

In 1916, he commenced his legal career in the

Role in Fight for Freedom:

The Champaran Satyagraha not only

Call for Non-cooperation:

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Dr. Prasad & Indian National Congress:

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs

Dr. Prasad & Constituent Assembly:

Mail- deepakyadav20389@gmail.com December 2022 Current Affairs