SITE SURVEYING

ASSIGNMENT

NAME: MI MOHAMED ABRAR

REG NO: CL/HDCVL/17/04
ASSESSOR: MISS SANDUPAMA WANNIARACHCHI
MODULE CODE: 4504ICBTCE
TASK 1

A)
A construction process begins with a site survey. Investigations are conducted
in an area where work is intended in order to gather information for a plan or
a gauge to complete the underlying tasks. Because it is a land of abundance.
The terrain is hilly with significant slope fluctuations. Therefore, it is
important to think about worker and equipment security. It is crucial to make
notes about the area and how to perform the survey without upsetting the
residents. This site is located in Matale. Which has a number of ups and downs
and is hilly. And for accurate surveying, a suitable slope analysis should be
performed. This terrain is hilly, as indicated, so a soil survey is required, which
is highly helpful for classifying and mapping.

Surveying operation

 Actually considering an issue.

• The techniques should be used for conducting surveys

• The resources (instruments & personnel) to be used

• The control points or stations that will be utilized (those that are
currently in place and/or

• The planning operation needs a-priori field visit and this is known as
reconnaissance.
 Field Investigation

• It involves gathering field data by taking the required measurements

• Methodical recording of data from observations.

• Skilled staff must thoroughly examine the permanent adjustments of all
the instruments and make any necessary revisions before initiating any field
observations.

1
 office duties
• Involved.

• Processing, studying, and computing data obtained through observations.

• Assembling the required information (for making plan or map of the

area).

• Planning or creating a map of the area.

• Computation of the necessary field parameters in accordance with the

plan for laying out the engineering works on the job site.

 Setting out works

To locate and establish various parameters or dimensions at the location in accordance

with the design for additional engineering work.
The traversing method of surveying is used to determine the length and bearing of the
sides of a piece of land. Prior to beginning, it is essential to identify the region's
permanent benchmark so that you have a solid reference point. When selecting the
Travers stations, the following factors should be taken into consideration.

• A minimum of two or more sections must be able to see the chosen station.

• Since it can cause mistakes, the angle between two stations shouldn't be less
than 30°.
• Avoiding obstacles on the way is advised. If not, a Travers will be made
available.
• The traverse lines must not cross one another.
B)

Corrected
Derpature Latitude Correction Corrected corrected
Station Side Length WCB Coordinates
(SinQ) (CosQ) angles
Dep Lat Dep Lat
303 297
A
AB 34.995 95 23' 31" 34.995 -3.15 -0.02 -0.02 34.975 -3.17 75 39' 12"
337.98 293.83
B
BC 41.2 113 23' 27" 37.82 -16.36 -0.02 -0.02 37.796 -16.383 162 00'
14"
375.77 277.44
C
CD 13.504 168 23' 30" 2.71 -13.23 -0.01 -0.01 2.702 -13.237 124 59'57"
378.47 264.2
D
DE 53.79 228 2' 4" -40.02 -35.99 -0.03 -0.03 -40.052 -36.02 120 21'26"
338.42 228.18
E
EF 17.3 297 3' 27" -15.41 7.87 -0.01 -0.01 -15.42 7.861 110 58'
37"
323 236.04
F
FG 34.67 333 52' 48" -15.25 31.13 -0.02 -0.02 -15.27 31.11 143 10'
39"
307.73 267.15
G
GA 30.22 351 2' 53" -4.71 29.86 -0.02 -0.02 -4.728 29.84 162 41'
55"
Total 225.679 0.135 0.13 -0.13 -0.13
C)
TASK 02

A)

This is a place of plenty. The terrain is hilly with significant slope fluctuations.
Therefore, it is important to think about worker and equipment security. It is crucial to
make notes about the area and how to perform the survey without upsetting the
residents. This location is in Matale. Which has a number of ups and downs and is hilly.

At the start and finish of a chain line, Survey Stations are significant points. There are
two types of survey stations:

 Main Station
 Subsidiary or Tie Station

Choose a surveying position

The following points should be kept in mind while selecting a station:

• The stations ought to be visible to one another.

• It is crucial to adhere rigorously to the chain survey's main principle.
• If possible, a line should be drawn along the entire length of the region.
• Triangles should all have distinct edges.
• Each triangle has to have a check line.
• There should be as few survey lines as feasible.

The most popular technique for determining the elevations of ground points in relation
to a reference datum is leveling, which is often done separately from the steps involved
in fixing plan metric position. The measuring of vertical distance in relation to a
horizontal line of sight is fundamental to leveling. As a result, a graded staff and a
device with a horizontal line of sight are needed for the vertical measurements.

Setting up
  The distance between the rear sight and foresight should be about similar to avoid
any errors caused by collimation, refraction, or earth curvature.
 The distances between objects shouldn't be so great that it becomes difficult
to read the gages.
 However, they must not be lower than the staff's height. The observation
locations must be below the instrument's level.

Correction of parallax

 The apparent movement of the picture caused by the observer's eye moving at
the eyepiece is known as parallax.
 By aiming the telescope at infinity and then adjusting the eyepiece until the
crosshairs are clearly in focus, it can be removed. For a specific observer's eye,
the scene won't change.

Booking
 Level books or free leaf evening out sheets will be numbered and filed in a
register.
 Subtleties of the site, work, date, spectator, chainman, booker, climate, wind,
instrument and some other applicable things will be placed.
 Enter the primary perception (which is on a known point) in the Back sight
segment, and adequate detail in the Remarks section to recognize it. Enter the
point's R.L. zero from the site register or plate on the Bottom.
 Enter any remaining focuses on resulting lines as intermediates with the
exception of the point picked as the prescience. Distinguish them in the
Remarks section as above. Enter the premonition on a further line in the
Foresight section.

Errors in Levelling
 Collimation Error.
 Error due to Curvature & Refraction.
  Instrumental errors.

B)
C)

I)

Area within the change range 0 meter to 60 meter.

20
= {(11.4 + 6.23) + 2(7.34) + 4(9.5)}
3
20
= {(17.63) + 14.68 + 38}
3
= 468.73 Sqm (m2)

Area within the change range 60 meter to 180 meter.

30
= {(6.23 + 6.65) + 2(4.3) + 4(8.89 + 8.81)}
3
30
= {(12.88) + 8.6 + 70.8}
3
= 922.8 Sqm (m2)

Area within the change range 180 meter to 200 meter.

20
= {(6.65) + 4.5}
3
= 74.33 Sqm (m2)

ii)

• Section Method

• Average method

• Division of Square method

• Contour Method 7
TASK 03
 References

Anon, (2018). [Online] Available at: https://www.quora.com/What-factors-should-

beconsidered-when-locating-points-for-a-survey-station [

Aboutcivil.org. 2022. Levelling in Engineering Survey - Types, Methods, Procedures.

[online] Available at: <https://www.aboutcivil.org/levelling-in-engineering-
surveying.html>

Fao.org. (2018). Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at:
http://www.fao.org/docrep/006/t0165e/t0165e07.htm..

Aboutcivil.org. 2022. Levelling in Engineering Survey - Types, Methods, Procedures.

[online] Available at: <https://www.aboutcivil.org/levelling-in-engineering-
surveying.html>

Bannister, A. (1994). Surveying. 6th ed. Harlow [u.a.]: Longman Scientific & Technical
[u.a.].