13.

In this study, the heat exchanger is modeled numerically to validate the results and choose the viscous
model for heat recovery from diesel exhaust. However, 15 cases of finned tube HEX were modeled and
their properties were listed in Table 1. In this paper, three viscous models were examined. Standard and
re-normalization group k-ε model and shear-stress transport k-ω model respectively. The comparison
between the experimental and three different viscous models is shown in Fig 2. However, the model of
the exchangers was designed by using the CAD tool solid works and the simulation software ANSYS
14.50 is adopted to simulate the flow and heat transfer in the computational domains, the temperature
contours profiles for different cases in the water outlet section as shown in Fig 6, and the longitudinal
temperature contours as shown in Fig 7. The comparison of recovered heat and pressure drop between all
15 designed cases is shown in Fig 9. Fig 10 shows the effect of fin height, thickness, and numbers on
heat recovery. The optimization and numerical results show that the height of the fins has more effect on
pressure drop while the number of fins has a maximum effect to enhance heat recovery.
Table 1
Different properties of designed geometry with mesh number details.
 Fig. 2. Comparison among experimental values and three different viscous models.

Fig. 6. Temperature contour (K) of different cases in water outlet section for a) case 2, b) case 4, c) case 8, d) case
10, e) case 13 and f) case 15.
Fig. 7. Longitudinal temperature contour (K) for a) case 4, b) case 8, c) case 14 and d) case 15
 Fig. 9. a) Recovered heat and b) pressure drop for all designed cases

Fig. 10. Effect of fin dimensions on recovered heat amount. a) Height and thickness and b) height and fin numbers
15.
Numerical modeling of finned-type heat exchangers with different fin dimensions to recover the waste
heat from the gasoline engine exhaust was performed. RNG K- ϵ viscous model is used and compare the
results with the given experimental data. Further, the simulation/ optimization was done by using the
commercial software FLUENT for the flow and heat transfer in computational models. In numerical
modeling, four samples from the 18 experiments sample designed from references are modeled. Four
samples from these 18 were selected due to their maximum and minimum efficiencies and the complete
geometries of these samples were mentioned in Table 1. However, the mesh numbers and the
construction of four samples are mentioned in Table 2. The sample-generated mesh of the designed
exchanger is shown in Fig 2. Also, Fig 3(a) represents the different density properties of liquid, solid, and
gas-modeled phases, and Fig 3(b) represents the heat conduction through fins and the convection through
the fluid process modeled successfully. Fig 4 represents the comparison of experimental and numerical
modeling results. The temperature contours of four samples were shown in Fig 5. The recovered amount
of heat for different samples and engine loads are shown in Fig 6 respectively. At the end of this study,
the results show that RNG K-ϵ viscous model reaches an acceptable outcome than the experimental data.
And also the optimization study of RSM (Response Surface Methodology) reveals that by increasing the
number of fins the heat recovery can be increased while fin heights have a significant pressure drop
respectively.
Table 1
Geometries’ characteristics of four samples designed in

Table 2

Mesh numbers and construction for four samples

Fig. 2. A sample generated mesh for the designed heat exchanger

Fig. 3. 3D contour of a density and b temperatures

 Fig. 4. Comparison of experimental and numerical modeling results

Fig. 5. Temperature contours in 20 % load and 4,500 rpm for a sample 1, b sample 2, c sample 3, and d sample 4
Fig. 6. Recovered heat amount for different samples and engine loads