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Some Salient Aspects of India’s Innovation Ecosystem

Presentation · December 2019

DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.13494.24649

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Sujit Bhattacharya
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 Some Salient Aspects of India’s Innovation Ecosystem
Sujit Bhattacharya

*
Chief Scientist (CSIR-NISTADS)
Professor AcSIR (Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research)
Editor-In-Chief Journal of Scientometric Research

CSIR-National Institute of Science Technology and Development Studies

K.S. Krishnan Marg, Pusa Campus, New Delhi-110012, India

*for correspondence: e-mail: sujit@nistads.res.in; sujit_academic@yahoo.com

Paper presented at the “Second Sino-Indian Joint Research Workshop on Science and Technology
Innovation” December 16-18, 2019. Presentation made at School of Policy and Management, Tsinghua
University
Justification for Policy Theoretical Target of Policy Silences India Case
Intervention Framework Action
Market Failure Firm Disincentive to Public funding for Narrow view Indian S&T policy
(neo-classical economics) invest in public good S&T Failure is was largely drawn
Missing Markets seen only in from this.
Appropriating returns Incentivisng Private terms of CSR Provision
from innovation Innovation through market
Subsidy/tax system failure

System Failure Innovation: a Promoting Local context New policy

(Innovation System interactive process; Networking among ignored in framework
Framework) Learning Stakeholders NIS; GVA attempts to
Institution,Network Development of analytical address this
Institutions framework
missing

Regional/ Sectoral Local context/sectoral Regional, Sectoral GVA Visibility of

innovation system; Cluster specificity focus; Creation of analytical Regional/Sectoral
approach; Global Value Cluster framework context in policy
Chain (GVA) Integrating into missing. formulation
global value chain
 • Tax Rates • Debt
• Micro Finance
• Tax Incentives • Venture
Institutions
Capital
• Costs to start a Business • Public Capital
• Grants
Markets
Finance • Angels
• Govt. Finance
• Technology • Banks
Business
Incubators • IPR
• Accelerators • Networks
Policies
• Science Parks • Incubators
Support Business • Legal Services
• Government Systems Support
Programs • Business Mentors
Enabling • Technical Advisors
• Universities
Environment • Technology
• Public Institutions
• Private Transfer
Institutions
• Industry
Associations • Consumers
• Bureaucracy • Distribution
Infrastructure Markets
Networks
• Electricity • Retail Networks
• Transport • Marketing
• Communication Networks
• Water
• Educational Institutions
 Standard
Institutions ? Setting
Regulatory
Structure
Competition
Policy (Anti-trust) Science,
Technology & Human
Innovation Resources
Policy
Risk Inclusive
Governance approach

Intellectual Trans-border Funding

Property linkages Mechanism
 Indian National IPR Policy 2016
• Calls to introduce IP teaching in
Schools, Colleges and other
Educational Institutions • CIPAM educating people about
IPR Awareness:
• UGC issued a letter for Outreach and how to access and utilize IP
“inclusion of the IPRs as a Promotion rights
generic elective subject under • Calls for incentivization of IP related matters
the Choice Based
Credit System (CBCS)” Human Capital • Clear guidelines
Generation of IPRs
laid in Startups and
Development
Innovation Policy
Objectives of National 2019
Intellectual Property Legal and • Calls to provide
• Adjudicate IP Rights Policy 2016 Legislative penal provisions for
Enforcement
disputes through Framework illegal duplication of
and
Commercial Adjudication films
Courts
• Cinematograph
Administration and
• Special Commercial Divisions Management (Amendment) Bill, 2019
Commercialization
created for IPR matters in High of IPR seeks to include penal
Courts provisions for film piracy
• Calls for capitalizing existing IP • Speeding up of Trademark examination to 1 month from 13 months
assets in the country through • New patent rules introduced expedited patent examination process
entrepreneurship, and • PPH Agreement signed with Japan
strengthening the existing • Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT)
mechanisms made the nodal agency for all IP issues
 Ranking of India in total IP filings in 2018 (by origin)

Ranking of India in total IP filings in 2018

IP Type Rank
Patents 12
Trademarks 9
Industrial Designs 13

Patent Applications of top 10 countries in 2018

Source: WIPO World Intellectual Property Indicators 2019 Report

 Policy Interventions for Developing Startup Ecosystem

• Self-certification scheme
• Easy exit options with an introduction of a bill to facilitate exit in 90 days
• Financial assistance through allocation of funds for startups and launch of a credit guarantee
scheme
• Relaxed taxation through –
- No tax on profits for the first three years for startups setup after 01st April 2016
- Capital gains tax exemption
• Scheme for Intellectual Property Protection (SIPP Scheme)
• Fee concessions in IPR Filings for Startups
• Reduced delays in processing of Trademark and other IPR related applications
• Atal Innovation Mission (AIM) promote R&D through establishment of sector incubators, innovation
centers, research parks and bioclusters
• Startup Exchange - SEBI plans to set up an alternative trading platform for startups; requirements
for listing have been relaxed
• Self-Utilisation and Talent Utilisation (SETU) - Techno-Financial, Incubation and Facilitation
programme under NITI Aayog to support start-ups
• National Innovation and Startup Policy 2019 for students and faculty
Source-NASSCOM Report on Indian Startup Ecosystem
 Some Innovation Disruptors: Startups and Incumbents
Company that designs,
manufactures advanced
robotics systems for
automation in warehouses
and through the use of
flexible automation, the
power of AI, they work with
businesses to optimize the
supply chain and enhance
process efficiency.
Through machine
learning, the platform
recognizes serious buyers
and tailors promotions and
recommendations towards
them
The Centre for Brain Research
(CBR) is being set up with a Rs.
225 crore grant from Infosys
cofounder Kris Gopalakrishnan,
and is a part of the Indian
Institute of Science.
Infosys
uses data analysis and
machine learning techniques
to keep track of traffic,
Grey enhance customer experience,
OlaCabs
Orange understand driver behaviour
Technology and improve vehicle efficiency.
Disruptors
A deep technology
Team company, went to solve a
Paytm Indus problem of low cost space
exploration. Supported by
ISRO, NAL, L&T, IISc and
other bodies.
 Projects Supported = 249
Small IP Filed = 23
Business Employment generated >250
Projects Innovation Funds committed ~ 257Cr
Supported = 36 Industry Products/Technologies developed = 34
Research Biotechnolog Collaborative Projects = 64
IP Filed = 02 Innovation
Initiative y Industry
Employment Programme
(SBIRI) Partnership
generated ~ 140 on Medical Projects Supported = 193
Programme IP Filed = 30
Funds Electronics
(BIPP) Employment generated ~ 774
committed ~ (IIPME) Funds committed ~ 462 CR
Promoting Products/Technologies developed = 42
15Cr Collaborative Projects = 60
Products/Techno BIRAC Academic
logies developed Regional Research
= 07 Innovation
Centre (BRIC) BIRAC Conversion to
Enterprise
Projects Supported = 46
IP Filed = 02

SCHEMES (PACE) Employment generated ~ 150

Funds committed ~ 57Cr
Products/Technologies developed = 06
Collaborative Projects = 37
BIRAC Social Innovation
Regional Programme for
Products Affordable
Entrepreneur and Relevant to Projects Supported = 46
Incubators Created = 31
ship Centre Bioincubators Societal Health IP Filed = 03
(SPARSH)
Incubatees Supported = 355 (BREC) Nurturing Social
Employment generated ~ 120
IP Filed = 03 Funds committed ~ 20Cr
Employment generated ~ Entrepreneur Innovation
137 + 767*
Funds committed ~ 213Cr
ship for Immersion
Products/Technologies in Scaling Program
pipeline = 367 Technologies (SIPP) Prototypes Developed = 13
No. of Fellows = 33
*Jobs created by incubatees (Bio-NEST)
Genome Valley Hyderabad
Biotech Parks in India
Indian Research Activity in IoT
 Important Areas of IoT Research in India
(Key areas delineated from research activity cluster)

Smart Cities
Privacy
Cloud
Computing
Big Data
Routing Analytics
Machine
Learning
Healthcare

Internet
Quality of
of Things Service

Key
Smart Management
Agriculture Fog Computing
 IoT Startups in India

120 Stratups in IoT*

Startups Locations*

Bangalore
Others, , 45
49

Delhi , 7 Mumbai
Gurgaon ,
8 , 11

Stratups with IP Assets

21 Startups active in Patenting. 57 total Patents filed by startups in India and
different Countries.
Key areas of patenting activity:
Electric Digital Data Processing (11), Pictorial Communication, Transmission of
Digital Information (5),
Diagnostic Surgery and Identification (4)

*Source NASSCOM & Author’s Construction

Countries Active in Research in Some Key Technologies of 4 IR
(Publication Profile 2017)

Big data 3D-Printing IoT

SOUTH SOUTH SOUTH
KOREA KOREA KOREA

SINGAPORE SINGAPORE SINGAPORE

CHINA CHINA CHINA

INDIA INDIA INDIA

BRAIL BRAIL BRAIL

JAPAN JAPAN JAPAN

GERMANY GERMANY GERMANY

ENGLAND ENGLAND ENGLAND

USA USA USA

0 1000 2000 0 1000 2000 3000 0 500 1000 1500

 Thanks

Looking Forward to your comments and suggestions

sujit@nistads.res.in; sujit_academic@yahoo.com

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