Quaid -E- Awam University of Engineering, Science and

Technology Nawabshah

Lecture # 3

EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Department of Computer Systems Engineering

GENERAL PURPOSE PROCESSOR (SOFTWARE)
MICROPROCESSOR (GPP)

 General purpose processor is a Programmable device.

 General purpose processor have general data path

with large register

 General purpose processor have general ALU.

 General purpose processor takes less time to market.

 General purpose processor have a low NRE cost..

 MICROPROCESSOR (GPP)

 General purpose processor have high flexibility.

 General purpose processor is use for variety of applications.

 It is manufactured in large scale.

 Performance is high.

 Size of general purpose processor is large.

.
MICROPROCESSOR (GPP)

 Design cost and time of general purpose

processor is low.

 Performs variety of computation and

consists of arithmetic and logic units
(ALUs).

 General purpose processor is use in

laptop or desktop.

 General purpose processor have the

largest flexibility.
 MICROPROCESSOR (GPP)

A microprocessor is a single VLSI chip. In addition, it may also have

other units such as floating point processing arithmetic unit, and
pipelining units that help in faster processing of instructions.
MICROCONTROLLER

 A microcontroller is a single-chip VLSI unit.

 Limited computational capabilities.
 Enhanced input/output capability.
 ON-chip functional units.
MICROPROCSSOR VS MICROCONTROLLER

MICRO PROCESSOR MICRO CONTROLLER

Multiple tasks Single task
RAM, ROM, I/O Ports, and RAM, ROM, I/O Ports, and
Timers can be added Timers cannot be added
externally externally.
External support of external Microcontrollers are
memory and I/O ports makes a lightweight and cheaper than
microprocessor-based system a microprocessor.
heavier and costlier.
External devices require more A microcontroller-based
space and their power system consumes less power
consumption is higher. and takes less space.
GENERAL PURPOSE PROCESSOR

 Consists of Controller and Datapath

Features
Program memory
General data path with large
register file and general ALU
User benefits
 Low time-to-market
 Low NRE costs
 Flexible
 Low Unit cost
 Datapath is general
INSTRUCTION SET
ADDRESSING MODES
SIMPLE PROGRAM
GPP OPERATION

Datapath Operations
Load : Read memory location into register

ALU operation: Input certain registers through ALU,

store back in register

Store : Write register to memory location

Control Unit
Control unit: configures the datapath operations

Sequence of operations (“instructions”) stored in

memory
GPP OPERATION

Instruction cycle
Fetch: Get next instruction into IR

Decode: Determine what the instruction means

Fetch operands: Move data from memory to datapath register

Execute: Move data through the ALU

Store results: Write data from register to memory

PIPELINING
DATAPATH
CONTROL UNIT
CONTROL UNIT
CONTROL UNIT
Allah Hafiz