Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel, Inc.

Founded 1993
Area E, Sapang Palay, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Recognized by the Government: DepEd, TESDA and CHED; PACUCOA Level II Accredited
Call and/or Text: 0915 532 2643/ Telefax No: (044) 760 0301 / (044)760 0397

LEARNING ACTIVITY 1
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : DEFINITION, CONCEPTS & HISTORY OF MARTIAL ARTS

Learning Target : Understand the definition of Martial Arts and know its Categories
References :https://medium.com/@harrysuke/history-of-martial-arts4a0541f3958
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_martial_arts

HISTORY OF MARTIAL ARTS

The word ‘martial’ derives from the name of Mars, the Roman God of War. The term ‘Martial Arts’ literally
means arts of Mars. This term comes from 15th century Europeans who were referring to their own fighting
arts that are today known as Historical European martial arts. A practitioner of martial arts is referred to as
a martial artist.

Martial arts are commonly associated with East Asian cultures, but by no means it’s unique to Asia.

Categories of Martial Arts

 Japanese
 Chinese
 Korean
 Brazilian
 Philippines
 Thailand

Japanese Martial Arts

The martial arts which originated in JAPAN are shaped by the unique culture of this country,
including their samurai and sword-culture. In fact, the sword fighting martial art style of Kendo is the oldest.
Other types of Japanese martial arts include:

Jiu-Jitsu- A system of close combat that can be used in a defensive or offensive manner to kill or subdue
one or more weaponless or armed and armored opponents.

Aikido- A system of throwing, joint-locking, striking and pinning techniques, coupled with training in
traditional Japanese weapons such as the sword, staff and knife.

Judo- A system of unarmed combat, modern Japanese martial art, and Olympic sport. Judo is a
tremendous and dynamic combat sport that demands both physical powers and great mental discipline.
Kendo- A modern Japanese martial art, which descended from swordsmanship `(kenjutsu) and uses
bamboo swords (shinai) and protective armour (Bogu).

Karate- A striking art using punching, kicking, knee strikes, elbow strikes and open-hand techniques.

 Goju-Ryu
 Isshin-Ryu
 Kyokushin
 Shito-Ryu
 Shorin-Ryu
 Shokotan
 Wado-Ryu

Chinese Martial Arts

According to legend, the martial arts were introduced in China by the Yellow Emperor during the Xia
dynasty (2070 - 1600 BCE). Kung Fu the umbrella terms kung fu, kuoshu or wushu are multiple fighting
styles that have developed over the centuries in Greater China. These fighting styles are often classified
according to common traits, identified as "families" of martial arts.

 Bajiquan
 Choy Li Fut – Also known as Cai Li Fo.
 Eagle Claw Kung Fu
 Hung Ga – Also known as Hung Gar.
 Leopard Kung Fu (Bao Quan)
 Monkey Kung Fu (Hou Quan)
 Praying Mantis Kung Fu
 Shaolin Kung Fu
 Tiger Claw Kung Fu (Fu Jow Pai)
 Zui Quan

Korean Martial Arts

Korean martial arts are fighting practices and methods which have their place in the history of Korea
but have been adapted for use by both military and non-military personnel as a method of personal growth
or recreation.

Taekwondo- a Korean martial arts style focused primarily on punches, blocks, strikes and kicks.

Hapkido- a Korean martial arts style focused on punches, kicks, throws and joint locks.

Hwa Rang Do- a Korean martial arts that includes sparring, self-defense, weapons training and grappling.

Kumdo- a Korean sword-based martial arts which is similar to Kendo.

Kyuk Too Ki- Korean kickboxing.

Brazilian Martial Arts

A martial art of Brazilian origin that is based around a rhythmic, dancelike movement.

Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu A self-defense martial art and combat sport based on grappling, ground fighting and
submission holds. It focuses on the skill of taking an opponent to the ground, controlling one's opponent,
gaining a dominant position, and using a number of techniques to force them into submission via joint locks
or chokeholds.
Capoeira A Brazilian art form that combines elements of martial arts, dance, acrobatics, music and
spirituality. Born of the melting pot of enslaved Africans, Brazilian Indians and Portuguese influences. It is
known for its acrobatic and complex maneuvers, often involving hands on the ground and inverted kicks. It
emphasizes flowing movements rather than fixed stances; the ginga, a rocking step, is usually the focal
point of the technique.

Vale tudo (English: anything goes) are full-contact unarmed combat events, with a limited number of rules,
that became popular in Brazil during the 20th century, later begin an influence to the development of
Modern Martial Arts.

Luta Livre a Brazilian martial arts and combat sport created by Euclydes Hatem in Rio de Janeiro.Primarily
a mixture of catch wrestling and kosen judo, there is also striking with the hands, feet, knees and elbows.

Huka-huka a form of indigenous folk wrestling practiced by the Yawalapiti people.

Kombato a self-defense Military Martial Art created for the Brazilian Armed Forces (Mainly used by the
Brazilian Navy and Brazilian Marine Corps) and for bodyguards.

Filipino Martial Arts

(Filipino: Sining panlaban ng Pilipinas) refer to ancient and newer modified fighting methods devised in
the Philippines. It incorporates elements from both Western and Eastern Martial Arts, the most popular
forms of which are known as Arnis, Eskrima, and Kali. The intrinsic need for self-preservation was the
genesis of these systems. Throughout the ages, invaders and evolving local conflict imposed new
dynamics for combat in the islands now making up the Philippines. The Filipino people developed battle
skills as a direct result of an appreciation of their ever-changing circumstances.

Arnis also known as Kali or Eskrima /Escrima, is the national martial art of the Philippines.The three are
roughly interchangeable umbrella terms for the traditional martial arts of the Philippines ("Filipino Martial
Arts")which emphasize weapon-based fighting with sticks,knives, bladed weapons, and various improvised
weapons, as well as "open hand" techniques without weapons.

Mano Mano from Spanish mano, meaning hand lit. Hand to hand Incorporates punches, kicks, elbows,
knees, headbutts, finger-strikes, locks, blocks, grappling and disarming techniques.

Suntukan also known as Pangamot in the Visayas and "Panantukan" in the USA) General term for hand-
based & punching techniques

Mano Mano from Spanish mano, meaning hand lit. hand to hand Incorporates punches, kicks, elbows,
knees, headbutts, finger-strikes, locks, blocks, grappling and disarming techniques.

Suntukan also known as Pangamot in the Visayas and "Panantukan" in the USA) General term for hand-
based & punching techniques.

Yaw-Yan or Sayaw ng Kamatayan (Dance of Death) Yaw-Yan closely resembles Muay Thai, but differs in
the hip-torquing motion as well as the downward-cutting nature of its kicks, and the emphasis on delivering
attacks from long range .The forearm strikes, elbows, punches, dominating palms, and hand movements
are empty-hand translations of the bladed weapons. There are 12 "bolo punches" which were patterned
from Arnis.

Thailand Martial Arts

Thai history, the first Thai army was born out of a need to defend the kingdom and soldiers were taught
both armed and unarmed combat.
Muay Thai referred to as Thai boxing, is a combat sport that uses stand-up striking along with various
clinching techniques. This discipline is known as the "art of eight limbs", as it is characterised by the
combined use of fists, elbows, knees and shins.

Muay Boran (Toi Muay) is an umbrella term for the unarmed martial arts of Thailand prior to the
introduction of modern equipment and rules in the 1930s.

Silat is the collective term for a class of indigenous martial arts from the Nusantara and surrounding geo-
cultural areas of Southeast Asia.It is traditionally practised in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore,
Southern Thailand, Southern Philippines and Southern Vietnam.

ACTIVITY:

1. Define Martial Arts in your own words.

2. Site the Similarities and Differences of the 6 categories of Martial Arts (examples) using a venn
diagram.
3. Explain briefly your chosen examples in class.
 Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel, Inc.
Founded 1993
Area E, Sapang Palay, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Recognized by the Government: DepEd, TESDA and CHED; PACUCOA Level II Accredited
Call and/or Text: 0915 532 2643/ Telefax No: (044) 760 0301 / (044)760 0397

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : PHYSICAL EXERCISES

Learning Target : Know , Understand and Perform the different Physical Exercises
References : Urbano,Carmencita O.(2002) Physical Education. SLA Publishing
House; Amy Marturana Winderl, C.P.T.

PHYSICAL EXERCISES
Physical exercise is the performance of some activity in order to develop or maintain physical
fitness and overall health. They keep your heart, lungs, and circulatory system healthy and improve
your overall fitness. Exercise is a subset of physical activity that is planned, structured, and
repetitive and has as a final or an intermediate objective the improvement or maintenance of
physical fitness. Physical fitness is a set of attributes that are either health- or skill-related.
Physical activity encompasses all activities, at any intensity, performed during any time of day
or night. It includes both exercise and incidental activity integrated into daily routine.

What is the importance of Physical Exercise?

Physical Aspects
 Improve your brain health
 Aid in weight management
 Strengthen bones and muscles
 Improve your ability to do everyday tasks
 Reduce the risk of developing several diseases like type 2 diabetes,
cancer and cardiovascular diseases

Mental & Emotional Aspects

 Promotes better sleep
 Effective treatment strategies for symptoms of both depression and anxiety

3 Different Physical Exercises

Stretching Exercise
Stretching is a form of physical exercise in which a specific muscle or
tendon (or muscle group) is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's felt
elasticity and achieve comfortable muscle tone. The result is a feeling of increased muscle
control, flexibility, and range of motion.
e.g

Standing Lunge
Hamstring Stretch Pisiforms Stretch With Spinal Twist Triceps Stretch

Figure Four Stretch 90/90 Stretch Frog Stretch Butterfly Stretch

Seated Lunging Lying

Shoulder Squeeze Side Bend Stretch Hip Flexor Stretch Pectoral Stretch

Knee to Chest Stretch Seated Neck Release Back Stretch Reclining Bound Pose

Why stretching is important before engaging to an activity?

By doing stretching , you can prevent having discomfort and injuries. It also prepare
yours muscles and joints to the upcoming activities. It can also prevent you from suffering muscles
spasms and strains.

When you should stretch?

The type of stretching matters when we’re talking about the best time to stretch.
Dynamic stretching, which involves movement, prepares your body for a workout. These stretches
before a workout include movement-oriented moves like cat-cow, down dog to runner’s lunge, or
thread the needle. On the other hand, static stretching (when you hold a position) helps your body
calm down after a workout, which helps jumpstart the recovery process. Ending your workout with
static stretches can help your mind relax and signal an endpoint to your workout. We'll be focusing
on static stretches in the moves below.

Warm-Up Exercises

Warming up is a part of preparation for physical exertion or a performance by

exercising or practicing gently beforehand, usually undertaken before a performance or practice.
Athletes, singers, actors and others warm up before stressing their muscles. It is widely believed
to prepare the muscles for vigorous actions and to prevent muscle cramps and injury due to
overexertion.
e.g

Fast-Paced Walking Fast-Paced Side Stepping

Jogging on the spot Walking up and down stairs
Lunges Arm swings
Squats

Why Warming up is important?

Warming up essentially tells your body to prepare for exercise with light intensity or
low impact movements. A "warm up" may help reduce the risk of injury and soreness by pushing
your cardiovascular system to get your blood pumping and your body temperature higher.
Warming up before you begin any physical activity is important to make sure that you're actively
taking steps to reduce your likelihood of an injury and prepping your body for the upcoming stress
it's about to engage in. In addition, adding a warm up to your routine can help your body ease into
the upcoming workout with critical internal systems like your cardiovascular system and muscle
groups that will be heavily utilized in compound movements.

What is the correct time allotment for warming up?

To be productive, a warmup should typically last 5-10 minutes and should be a lighter
version of the exercise you plan on doing. Warming up allows the blood vessels to expand which
allows the blood flow to pump to the muscles and provide oxygen to the ones that need it most
during the exercise.

What Does a Warmup Do For Your Body?

The benefits of warming up before a workout can provide many positive outcomes such as:
 Increased blood and oxygen to the muscles that are in use.
 Dilated blood vessels to pump blood easier.
 Less strain on the heart to pump blood throughout the system.
 Increased body temperature increases elasticity in the muscles.
 Increased muscle temperature which can lead to less muscle injury and strain.
 Activation of cooling methods so the body won’t overheat (sweating).
 Hormones are released which allow fatty acids and carbohydrates to be converted into
energy.

Cool down Exercises

Is an important transition, done after intense activity, to allow the body to gradually
return to resting or near-resting state.

e.g
Light jogging or walking Jumping Jacks
Squats Abdominal stretch
 Knee jump Standing Quad Stretch

Why cool down is important before you totally rest?

A cool-down provides the body with a smooth transition from exercise back to a
steady state of rest.The overarching goal of a cool-down is to reduce heart and breathing rates,
gradually cool body temperature, return muscles to their optimal length-tension relationships,
prevent venous pooling of blood in the lower extremities, which may cause dizziness or possible
fainting, and restore physiologic systems close to baseline.

What will be the benefit of cooling down?

The proposed benefits of a cool-down are shown below:
• Reduce heart and breathing rates
• Gradually cool body temperature
• Return muscles to their optimal length-tension relationships
• Prevent venous pooling of blood in the lower extremities
• Restore physiologic systems close to baseline

ACTIVITY:
 Make a 15mins. Video of 3 Physical Exercises.
 Explain the difference of those Exercises in your own perspectives.

Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel, Inc.

Founded 1993
Area E, Sapang Palay, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Recognized by the Government: DepEd, TESDA and CHED; PACUCOA Level II Accredited
Call and/or Text: 0915 532 2643/ Telefax No: (044) 760 0301 / (044)760 0397

LEARNING ACTIVITY 3
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : BASIC RULES AND REGULATIONS OF TAEKWONDO

Learning Target : Learn and apply the Basic Rules and Regulations of Taekwondo
References : https://www.sportsver.com/the-rules-of-taekwondo

RULES OF TAEKWONDO GAME

Taekwondo rules are based on 5 tenets: to be courteous, have integrity, persevere, have self-
control, and display an indomitable spirit – all designed to ensure fair play. In a Taekwondo
contest, the goal is to land as many blows and kicks as possible on the opponent’s specified
areas. Many newbies to Taekwondo want to have a list of rules to learn before getting into the
practice, but it is much easier to learn the rules as you train. Once you get into the practice of
Taekwondo and are learning the various kicks, punches, and stances, the rules become clearer.
Most practitioners learn the rules fairly quickly.

While there are not a lot of rules to learn, there are some that need to be constantly kept in mind
when practicing or sparring in Taekwondo. Rules are designed to keep both fighters safe on the
mat, but also to ensure that fighters learn correct techniques for a “win” or overcoming an
opponent. Below are the Taekwondo rules to familiarize with:

1.Fair opponent fighting

When fighters are sparring or fighting in a match, they must be paired fairly. This means that
fighters of the same gender and weight class must be paired in both match and sparring
scenarios.
2. Match rounds must be timed
You have probably noticed that rounds are quite quick in a Taekwondo match. That is because
matches and contests consist of three two-minute rounds with a rest period of just one minute
between each round.
3.The objective of the fight
Practitioners must always have the objective of their martial art in mind, whether they are
practicing, sparring, or fighting in a match. The main objective of a Taekwondo fighter is to knock
out the opponent or land as many blows and kicks as possible on the opponent in a given amount
of time.

4.Kicks and blows are only allowed in certain areas

You might notice that Taekwondo fighters kick and land blows on their opponent in the same
places. The whole body is not fair game in a round of Taekwondo.
Practitioners must land kicks and blows only in areas that are specified. If you watch a match in
action, you will notice that blows and kicks are allowed to both the head and torso. Punches are
only allowed on the upper body – nothing below the waist. If a fighter kicks or lands blows in areas
that are not allowed, they will be penalized.
5.Wins must be correctly declared
How do you know who has won a round of Taekwondo? It is actually quite simple to determine a
winner of a match. The fighter who knocks out the opponent will be declared the winner in most
instances, but this is not always the case. If there is no knockout, there is an alternative way of
determining the winner by tallying the scores. In this scenario, a fighter can win by earning the
most points.
6. Fights must be held in the correct environment
Taekwondo is most often done indoors. It is important for students to learn in a space that is flat
that of a competition ring. The competition mat usually measures eight meters by eight meters.
7. Penalties must apply when a player is not adhering to the rules
When practitioners are sparring or in a match, they are watched closely for any offending,
incorrect behavior. Penalties apply for:

X Punching in the face.

X Grabbing, pushing, or holding the opponent.
X Turning a back on the opponent.
X Attacking an opponent below the waist.
X Attacking the opponent with the knee.
X Stepping outside of the mat with both feet.
X Faking an injury.
RULES OF TAEKWONDO DOJANG
1. Bow upon entering and leaving the dojang from the center door. Also, bow to your Master
and Instructors before receiving instructions.
2. Always obey and respect your Masters, Instructors, Parents and senior/higher belt
students. Always bow and greet the Masters and Instructors whenever and wherever you
meet them.
3. Address your Masters and Instructors by their last name
4. Arrive for class on time. If you are late, you must do push-ups before joining your
classmates.
5. Keep your dobuk (uniform) clean and presentable. You cannot enter the dojang without
proper uniform or a belt. Respect your uniform and belt by not throwing them on the ground.
6. Students with long hair should tie up their hair.
7. Always place your outdoor shoes on the shoe rack in the designated areas.
8. No shoes except the Taekwondo training shoes are allowed in the dojang.
9. Line up according the ranking from the right to the left and the front row to the back. Late
arrival should line up to the back regardless of their ranking.
10. Students should not enter or leave the class without obtaining permission from your Master
or Instructor.
11. To prevent injuries, jewelries and watches are not to be worn during training. Finger and toe
nails should be kept short.
12. If you have any injury, tell your Master or Instructor before class begins. If you are injured
during class, report it to your Master or Instructor right away.
13. Food, alcohol, tobacco, chewing gum, loud conversation, negative behavior and foul
language are strictly prohibited in the dojang.
14. During sparring classes, you must wear a full sparring gear (including mouth guard and
groin guard however uncomfortable they may be) as they are for your safety and the safety
of your sparring partner.
15. Seniors must behave and set a good example for the juniors. Juniors must respect senior
belts and elders.
 16. Students are expected to be polite, honest, and humble and always follow the rules of
Taekwondo.
17. Never forget that you learn Taekwondo for defensive purposes and never to offend or bully
anyone.
18. It is strictly forbidden to use Taekwondo outside the dojang, unless in self-defense or in
defense of someone weaker – and then only use the least force necessary.
19. Do not brag or boast of your Taekwondo abilities inside or outside the dojang.
20. Remember the first rule of self-defense is to avoid conflict wherever possible.

ACTIVITY:
1. Recite the rules of taekwondo
2. Understand the rules of the game and rules of dojang

Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel, Inc.

Founded 1993
Area E, Sapang Palay, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Recognized by the Government: DepEd, TESDA and CHED; PACUCOA Level II Accredited
Call and/or Text: 0915 532 2643/ Telefax No: (044) 760 0301 / (044)760 0397
 LEARNING ACTIVITY 4
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : TAEKWONDO SCORING SYSTEM AND PENALTIES

Learning Target : Know and Understand the Scoring system and Penalties of
Taekwondo
References : https://www.sportsver.com/the-rules-of-taekwondo

TAEKWONDO SCORING SYSTEM

Knowing how the scoring works in Taekwondo is essential as a lot of the rules can help a fighter
win or lose points.During a match, there are three rounds of two minutes each, with one-minute
breaks in between. The fighter who is able to score the most during those three rounds wins.

Each part of the body is assigned a scoring value, and each time a fighter impacts those areas in
different ways, a specific amount of points will be awarded.

The current and updated Taekwondo scoring system, according to World Taekwondo, is as
follows:

Punch to the chest (trunk): 1 point.

Kick to the chest (trunk): 2 points.
Kick to the head: 3 points
Turning kick to the chest (trunk): 4 points.
Turning kick to the head: 5 points

During a match, there are several judges observing the fight. A point can only be awarded to a
fighter if two or more of these judges record a hit.

Appeal Cards (during game/competition)

a.The appeal Card is the means for the coach to object to a judgment of the refereeing officials
during the contest and request for a correction of the decision.
Note: The Appeal Card will only be available to the Advanced Categories.
b.The situations a coach can use the Appeal Card are the following.
●Penalties against the opponent for instances of falling down or crossing the boundary line
or attacking the opponent after “Kal yeo” or attacking the fallen opponent.
●Technical point
●Any penalty against own contestant
●Any mechanical malfunction or error in tome management.
●When the referee forgot to invalidate point(s) after “Gam-jeom” was given for the prohibited act.
●Wrong identification of fist attacking contestant by the judge.
●Head kick that is not scored.
c.When an appeal is requested, the assigned referees of the court will convene.
d.If the appeal is successful and the contestant request is corrected, the coach shall retain the
appeal right for the pertinent contest.
e.If the appeal is not successful,, the coach shall forfeit the right to appeal to the pertinent contest.
f.The decision of the convening referees is final and no further appeals during the contest or
protest after the contest will be accepted.

PENALTIES ( GAM-JEOM)
When watching a Taekwondo match, you might wonder how the judges get to a score that is less
than you originally noted yourself. That would be because of penalties that are also “scored”
during a match or fight. These are determined when a player does not follow the rules of
Taekwondo. The most common penalties occur for:
 Stepping outside of the fight area.
 Pulling an opponent onto the ground.
 Pretending to be injured.
 Turning a back on the opponent.
 Pushing or grabbing onto an opponent.
 Using more than just the feet to attack an opponent’s head.

What Happens When There is a Tie/Draw?

In Taekwondo, it is quite different. A new round called a “Golden Point Round” is set up. Whoever
scores the very first point is awarded the win. This is unlike other sports where a complete set or
round would need to be played to determine the winner.

There are other instances where winners have been determined in different ways. In some cases,
the referee will decide to use the scores prior to deducting penalties to determine who the winner
is. This happens rarely but does happen.

Fighters can also earn a win by knocking out their opponent. It is not just a case of knocking the
opponent off his feet; he has to stay on the floor for no less than 10 seconds before it is
considered “game over”. This is called a “knockout”.

ACTIVITY:

1. Understand the Scoring System and apply on a real scenario in class.

2. Explain how points was earned.
3. Explain how penalties are applied .

Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel, Inc.

Founded 1993
Area E, Sapang Palay, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Recognized by the Government: DepEd, TESDA and CHED; PACUCOA Level II Accredited
Call and/or Text: 0915 532 2643/ Telefax No: (044) 760 0301 / (044)760 0397
 LEARNING ACTIVITY 5
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : TERMINOLOGIES IN TAEKWONDO

Learning Target : Know and Understand the Terminologies used in Taekwondo
References :https://www.hanstaekwondo.ca/toronto-taekwondo/korean-
commands-numbers.html

COMMANDS SPECIAL TERMS

Charyeot Attention Sabomnim Instructor

Gyeongrye Bow Dojang Training Hall/Gym
Baro Return Dobuk Uniform
Swieo At ease (relax) Joo Sim Referee
Kihup Yell (shout) Poomsae Forms
Junbi Ready Kyorugi Sparring
Sijak Begin (start) Joomock Fist
Gallyeo Break (separate) Baal Foot
Gyesok Continue Dari Leg
Guman Finish Mori Head
Dwiro dora Turn around (about turn) Son Hand
Haesan Dismiss
Kalyeo Stop

COUNTING NUMBERS OFFENSE/DEFENSE

Hana One Makgi Block

Dul Two Nopunde Maggi High Block
Set Three Najunde Maggi Low Block
Net Four An Maggi Inside Block
Daseot Five Bakat Maggi Outside Block
Yeoseot Six Chagi Kick
Ilgop Seven Chigi Punch/Strike
Yeodeol Eight
Ahop Nine
Yeol Ten

Colegio de San Gabriel Arcangel, Inc.

Founded 1993
Area E, Sapang Palay, City of San Jose del Monte, Bulacan, Philippines
Recognized by the Government: DepEd, TESDA and CHED; PACUCOA Level II Accredited
Call and/or Text: 0915 532 2643/ Telefax No: (044) 760 0301 / (044)760 0397
 LEARNING ACTIVITY 6
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : HISTORY OF TAEKWONDO

Learning Target : Understand the Concepts of Taekwondo
References : https://www.sportsver.com/a-complete-history-of-taekwondo

BRIEF HISTORY OF TAEKWONDO

The man responsible for the creation of Taekwondo is said to be General Choi Hong Hin. He
actually started developing Taekwondo in the 1940s by combining elements of Taekkyon, Karate,
and several other martial arts in Korea. He believed that his new form of martial arts would provide
self-defense as well as engage the minds and bodies of all practitioners living in Korea after the
Japanese occupation.

First Evidence of Taekwondo over 2,000 years ago. The early history of Taekwondo shows
evidence of the art dating back to over 2,000 years ago. In 1935, a painting that was found on the
walls of a Korean royal tomb depicted what looks like people practicing martial art movements and
techniques. The age of the tombs can give away just how old Korean martial art forms are. How
old are the tombs? Historians believe that they were the Koguryo King tombs, which means that
they date back to anywhere between 300 AD and 427 AD.

600AD to 1,400 AD – From Subak to Taekkyon. From around 600AD to 1400 AD, Korea saw
many forms of martial arts being practiced, with Subak being the main form of martial art practiced
by most Korean citizens. Subak is a weaponless martial art often referred to as “open hand”
martial arts. The art was designed to develop both body and mind. This type of fighting actually
remained the main form of Korean martial arts until it evolved into Taekkyon in the year 1300.
Taekkyon is a full-contact martial art that involves dynamic and versatile footwork. This footwork is
based on agility and is called “pum balgi”, which describes how the steps work (stepping is done in
a triangular format). What is the main objective of this type of fighting? In Taekkyon, opponents
must use their hands and feet simultaneously to throw, trip, or unbalance an opponent.

Buddhist monks add spirituality to Korean martial arts.Buddhist monks were responsible for
adding a spiritual element to Korean martial arts. Unfortunately, while Korean martial arts had a
strategy, skill, and strength-building characteristics, they lacked in spirituality. Most martial arts
have a spiritual element that it is based on. During the time of the Silla Dynasty, Buddhist monks
were responsible for instructing the Hwarang warriors and brought their own element of spiritual
teachings combined with martial art training to the warriors.

Taekkyon is practiced in Korea until 1909. Since Taekkyon was introduced, Korea saw most of
its people practicing it regularly. It caught on quickly in the country and was vastly popular. In fact,
it was the most common form of martial arts in Korea until 1909, which is when Japan invaded the
country.
The ‘Grandfather’ of Taekwondo. This ancient martial art is actually the grandfather of
Taekwondo; at least that is what many Koreans believe. Taekwondo, as you know it today, is
actually a combination of Taekkyon and Karate, which was the style of martial arts imposed on the
Korean people when Japan occupied the country. For the sake of this piece, we won’t focus too
much on Karate’s influence on Taekwondo.

Silla Dynasty It is interesting to note that Taekkyon comes from Subak. Subak wasn’t a martial
art that was readily available to anyone and everyone. It was a style of martial arts exclusively
practiced by young religious men, elite military officials, and the Hwarang warriors in the Silla
Dynasty. This particular dynasty ran from 57 BC to 935 AD. After the fall of the Silla Dynasty, the
martial art was made available to all people, not just the elite and the ruling class. In fact, it very
soon became a common practice.

Joseon Dynasty Between 1392 and 1897, which was the Joseon Dynasty, Taekkyon became
less popular with the elite class. Some believe this is because it was becoming a common practice
among the lower classes. Most, also, seem to think that the upper class believed that the martial
art was better suited to the common class, while matters of intellectuality were for the elite. When
this change came about, the lower classes turned Taekkyon it into a competitive game and an art
to aid in combat.

1909 to 1945 – All forms of Subak and Taekkyon were banned. The Korean people suffered a
great loss; their martial arts were disallowed, and this lead to a generational gap in the teaching of
some arts. While Japan was in control of Korea, all forms of Subak and Taekkyon were prohibited,
which means that the population ceased practicing it. Only Japanese arts were allowed to be
practiced, such as Karate. During the Japanese occupation of Korea, all forms of indigenous
fighting were banned, and many thought that they became somewhat extinct.

Korea is liberated in 1945 and starts slowly reintroducing Korean martial arts. In 1945,
Korea was freed from Japanese rule, and amidst the rebuilding, the country started to reintroduce
various forms of martial arts. At the time, the Korean people wanted to remove signs of Japanese
culture from the country and so they planned to bring Korean traditional arts back into common
practice.

1945 to 1955 – The combination of several Asian martial arts became Taekwondo. During
the Korean War, which ran from 1950 to 1953, only one Master of Taekkyon, who had secretly
maintained his martial art practicing during the Japanese rule, survived.
His name was Son Deok-gi. It was his knowledge of the art that kept it alive and helped to revive
Taekkyon and create Taekwondo in the end.The martial art masters in the country wanted a return
to Taekkyon but also wanted to create something new that combined all the styles of martial arts
practiced by the people. And thus, Taekwondo was formed by General Choi Hong Hi. In April
1955, the new name of Taekwondo was chosen for what became Korea’s next most-practiced
martial art. From there, Taekwondo spread to the Western World.
ACTIVITY:

1. Understand the origin of Taekwondo.

2. Familiarize the timeline/history of Taekwondo

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LEARNING ACTIVITY 7
Name : ______________________________ Grade / Score: _______________
Grade & Section: ______________________ Strand / Track: _______________
Subject: _____________________________ Date: _______________________

Activity Title : CATEGORIES OF TAEKWONDO

Learning Target : Understand the Concepts of Taekwondo
References : https://kmaacademy.com/techniques/poomse/

POOMSAE

A series of Taekwondo techniques connected together into a pattern of motions are known as
Taekwondo patterns (Poomsae in Korean or Kata for martial arts like Karate). Taekwondo
patterns are frequently utilized for fundamental training reasons to hone techniques and motions
and are intended to develop and solidify your skills.

The Origin of Poomsae

The Taekwondo poomsaes are so designed to cope collectively with the outside threats in that
society has already developed into an organized group, weakening the necessity of solitary
individual defense measures. For the constituents of community, the practice and transmission of
techniques should be convenient and less complicated. In that sense, the poomsae has been
gradually systematized through practical experiences togther with the help of philosophical and
medical sciences.
It is believed that in ancient times the poomsae was practiced among the ruling class and the first
poomsae pattern appearing in the documents or monuments was around the first century, when
Koguryo reined the Han (Korean) race.

Definition of Poomsae

Each poom of the poomsae has been inherited through a long history of about 5,000 years, finally
as a product of scientific technique formulated on the basis of the traditional national spirit and
practical experiments. From the technical viewpoint, the poomsae itself is Taekwondo, and the
basic movements are no more than the preliminary actions to reach the poomsae. The Kyorugi is
a practical application of the poomsae and the Taekwondo spirit is manifested not in an abstract
mental philosophy expressed in the documents but in the actions of poomsae. Then, what is the
Taekwondo poomsae? The poomsae is the style of conduct which expresses directly or indirectly
mental and physical refinements as well as the principles of offense and defense resulting from
cultivation of Taekwondo spirit and techniques.

Significance of Poomsae

The poomsae is a series of movements for offense and defense techniques which can be
practiced and trained, even without presence of an instructor, in accordance with the fixed
patterns. Therefore, the poomsae has the merits, by its practice, to make the trainee enhance the
Kyorugi techniques and applied techniques including special techniques which can hardly be
practiced by the training of each separate basic movement alone.

The poomsae can be trained along the imaginary or drawn poomsae line, which marks the
position of foot and the line direction to move along.

Training

Considerations for Training Poomsae

The poomsae is a series of alternate attack and defense actions : therefore, there are frequent
changes of actions and connections of techniques. One must pay attention to the movement of
body, eyes, respiration, etc. The steps of paying attention are as follow :

1. A complete understanding of the significance of poomsae and the principles of its

composition. 
2. A perfect memorization of the poomsae line, movements and direction.
3. During the practice, the following must be taken into consideration :

o The eyes
o Movement of the center of balance
o Low or high speed
o Strong or weak force
o Respiration 

Poomsae training steps

A completion of poomsae can be achieved through hard training following the 5 steps : 

1. Pattern 

The first step of training poomsae is to learn the pattern. Concentration of spirit, eyes, angles of
movements must be emphasized in addition to the accuracy of actions. 

2. Significance 

In the next step, the emphasis must be laid on the balance, strength and weakness, low or high
speed, respiration and poomsae line. The significance of movements, connection of pooms and
the complete poomsae must be learned correctly. 

3. Practical Use 

One must adapt what he has learned to his practical use, finding out the practicability. 

4. Self Style 

One must evaluate his findings about the effectiveness of what he has learned, comparing with his
bodily structure, speed, strength, muscle strength, impulsive power, points of emphasis in training,
etc., and moderate the techniques into his own style. 

Categories of Poomsae

The poomsae are categorized by the technique, composition and points of stress, which are
classified each into 3 minor breakdowns.

1. Technique

The technique means the technical patterns of the entire poomsae. The essence of Taekwondo is
the martial art; therefore, the categorization of practicable patterns of techniques is important.

A.Poomsae containing various techniques

This contains more techniques of chagi and makki than are needed for practical use. Practicable
techniques must be selected among them in the course of training.
B. Poomsae containing practicable techniques

This includes practically used techniques only, which are classified into a series of chigi
techniques, a series of makki techniques and a balanced combination of chigi and makki
techniques.

C. Poomsae containing simple techniques

This is classified into the basic course and the advanced course, in the advanced course, the
training of cultivating the inner strength of body by means of controlling the respiration is included.
The variations of techniques should be mastered through hard training.

2. Composition

The composition of poomsae movements is differentiated according to the proportion of poom and
technique, hand techniques and foot techniques, and seogi and its moving directions. Except for
certain special cases, the poomsae movements are equally distributed among all parts of the body
symmetrically between fore and back and between left and right. Therefore, the proportion of foot
techniques and hand techniques is the criteria to decide the composition of poomsae movements.

A. Poomsae with the priority on hand techniques

B. Poomsae with the priority on foot techniques

C. Poomsae in which hand techniques and foot techniques are evenly distributed.

3. Points of Stress

The poomsae is also classified by the extent of emphasis in favor of either strength or softness
and of either a slow movement or a fast movement. Strong but slow movements and speedy but
soft movements are included in the similar categories.

A. Strong but slow poomsae

B. Weak but speedy poomsae

C. Poomsae well balanced in strength and weakness as well as in slowness and speediness.

However, the above methods of categorization are not absolute for the advanced course of
training.

Classification of Poomsae

Taegeuk poomsaes from 1(il) jang to 8(pal) jang are classified as Kup grader’s poomsaes and the
poomsaes from Koryo up to Ilyo as Dan-grader’s, i.e., black-belter’s poomsaes. The poomsaes
consists of basic movements and poom and they are so arranged to fit the frame of movement
direction, which is called the poomsae line. The poomsae lines are described after symbols or
Chinese characters.

Types of Poomsae Lines

Taegeuk poomsae – This consists of 8 patterns symbolizing the 8 divination signs(bars) in the

Oriental science of divination, and it is generally expressed by a Chinese character, meaning a
king.
Koryo poomsae –  the shape of a Chinese character, meaning a learned man.
Keumgang poomsae –  a Chinese character, meaning a mountain (Mt. Diamond)
Taebaek poomsae – a Chinese character, meaning an artisan.
Pyongwon poomsae – a Chinese character, meaning one.
Sipjin poomsae – a Chinese character, meaning ten.
Jitae poomsae – the shape of a Korean vowel, sounding “oh”
Chonkwon poomsae –  the shape of a Korean vowel, sounding “wu”
Hansu poomsae – a Chinese character, meaning water.
Ilyo poomsae –  the shape of a reversed swastika sign.

Symbols Expressing the Direction of Poomsae Lines

For the diagrammatical description of each poomsae line, some phonetic symbols of the Korean
alphabet are used to mark the position of the trainee who exercises a poomsae practice.

Na : always the starting point of each poomsae.

Ga : the forward direction of preceeding.

Da : the left side from the starting point.

Ra : the right side from the starting point.

Ma : the backward direction from the starting point.