1ai. It has a characteristic metallic lustre.

It does not rust.

1aii. If 108g of silver Ag = 6.0×10^23 atoms

Therefore for 35.0g of silver = 35.0×6.0×10^23/108= 1.94×10^24 atoms.

1aiii. By the electrolysis of aqueous silver trioxonitrate (V) solution.

By the decomposition of silver trioxonitrate (V) solution with heat.

1aiv. Anode- silver

Cathode-copper wire

Electrolyte- silver trioxonitrate (V) solution AgNO 3.

As the current is passed through the cell, the silver metal dissolves at the anode, and the ions produces
migrates to the copper wire (cathode), where they are discharged and deposited as a layer on the
copper object.

At the anode :

-
Ag(s) - e Ag+(aq) ( Oxidation occurs)

At the cathode:

-
Ag+(aq) + e Ag(s) (reduction occurs)

The mass of the copper wire then increases covering the surface of the copper wire to make it silver
plated.

1bi. Action of dilute hydrochloric acid with magnesium metal.

Action of dilute hydrochloric acid with magnesium oxide.

Titration of dilute hydrochloric acid and magnesium hydroxide.

1bii. Deliquescence

Examples of compounds are sodium hydroxide and calcium chloride.

1biii. Magnesium Hydrogentrioxocarbonate (IV), Ca(HCO 3)2(aq).

1ci. Examples are sulphur (IV) oxide and Nitrogen (IV) oxide.
1cii. it causes cancer.

1ciii.Atmospheric air does not rekindle a glowing splint because of the absence of hydrogen which is
present in the air boiled out of water does because it has hydrogen which gives it the ability to rekindle
a glowing splint.

2ai.

2aii. SO2(g) + 2H2S(g) 2H2O(l) + 3S(s)

2aiii. H2S(g): When hydrogen sulphide reacts with potassium heptaoxodichromate (VI), it changes its
colour from orange to green with a deposit of yellow sulphur.

K2Cr2O7 (aq) + 4H2SO4 (aq) + 3H2S(g) K2SO4(aq) + Cr2(SO4)(aq) + 7H2O(l) + 3S(s)

SO2(g) : When sulphur (IV) oxide reacts with potassium heptaoxodichromate (VI), it changes its colour
from orange to green without a deposit of yellow sulphur.
K2Cr2O7 (aq) + H2SO4 (aq) + 3SO2(g) K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3(aq) + H2O(l)

2b. Increase in pressure.

Decrease in temperature.

Addition of a catalyst.

Increase in the concentration of reactants.

4 5 4 6
K = [NH3] [O2] / [NO] [H2O]

Le Chatelier’s principle states that if an external constraint such as a change in temperature, pressure or
concentration, are imposed on a chemical system in equilibrium position, the equilibrium position will
shift so as to neutralize the constraint .

2c. i. Burning

ii. Heating

iii. Distillation

iv. Polarization.