Solution

SCIENCE - UNIT1 - PRACTICAL, MATCH, TRUE OR FALSE, FILL UP AND MCQ

Class 10 - Science
1. (a) - (iv), (b) - (ii), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
2. (a) - (i), (b) - (iii), (c) - (iv), (d) - (ii)
3. a - (iii) , b - (iv) , c - (i) , d - (ii)
4. (a) - (ii), (b) - (iv), (c) - (i), (d) - (iii)
5. i. The colour of the precipitate is yellow. The name of the precipitate formed is lead iodide (PbI2)
ii. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq)
6. i. Hydrogen gas.
ii. Zn + H2SO4 → ZnSO4 + H2

7. a. BaCl2 + Na2SO3 → BaSO3 + 2NaCl

b. The white ppt. is of barium sulphite, as soon as dilute HCl is added to the mixture barium sulphite reacts to form soluble salt
of barium chloride with the evolution of sulphur dioxide gas due to this the white colour disappears.
BaSO3 (s) + dil. HCI → BaCl3 (aq) + SO2 (g)
8. In electrolysis of water the electrons from electric current is causing an oxidation and reduction reaction and producing hydrogen
gas and oxygen gas and the volume of hydrogen produced at cathode is twice the volume of oxygen produced at anode. This ratio
is because one molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen in the ratio of 2:1. That's why the volume of gas collected at one
electrode is double than the other electrode.
9. a. Lead nitrate is the salt.
b. Nitrogen dioxide is the brown gas evolved.
Heat

c. 2Pb(NO3)2 (s) −−−−−−−−→ 2PbO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2 (g)

Decompositon

10. The reaction taking place in the diagram is displacement reaction.

Fe(S) + CuSO4 → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
11. Simple displacement reaction results in the formation of a reddish brown coating of copper on the surface of iron nail . As iron is
more reactive than copper so it will displace copper from copper sulphate. The solution will turn green due to the displaced Fe²⁺
ions from the Iron nail.
12. The nature of the solution formed on dissolving calcium oxide in water is basic. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through this
solution it forms a white precipitate of calcium carbonate.
Ca(OH)2 (aq) + CO2 (g) → CaCO3(s) ↓ + H2O(l)
13. Ferrous sulphate crystals (FeSO4.7H2O) lose water of crystallization on heating and the green colour of the crystals gets
changed into white due to the formation of anhydrous ferrous sulphate. Ferrous sulphate on further heating decomposes to ferric
oxide, sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide.
Heat

2FeSO4(s) −−−→ Fe2O3(s) + SO2(g) + SO3(g)

14. Calcium oxide is a metal oxide, when it is dissolved in water it will form calcium hydroxide (lime water) which will be basic in
nature. When carbon dioxide gas is passed through calcium hydroxide (lime water), it turns milky due to the formation of white
calcium carbonate precipitate.

C a(OH) + C O2 → C aC O3 (g) ↓ + H2 O(l)

2
Lime W ater W hite ppt.

15. a. Bubbles of hydrogen gas are seen around zinc granules.

b. Yes, the temperature will increase since it is an exothermic reaction.
16. When ferrous sulphate crystals are heated in a test tube, they produce sulphur dioxide gas and sulphur trioxide gases. On bringing
a moist litmus paper near to test tube, these gas react with water to form acids and turns the blue colour of litmus paper to red.
17. 1. When solutions of sodium sulphate and barium chloride are mixed, a white precipitate of barium sulphate is formed along
with sodium chloride solution
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl (aq)

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 2. When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution, then after 20 minutes the blue colour of copper sulphate changes to
green colour due to the formation of ferrous sulphate solution along with copper.
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
18. a. When a piece of zinc metal is added to the copper sulphate solution then the blue colour of copper sulphate fades away due to
the formation of zinc sulphate in solution and copper is released in the elemental form.
Zn (s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu (s)
b. Nothing will happen as silver is less reactive than copper so, reaction will not take place.
19. i. Oxygen.
ii. Photosynthesis.
iii. 6CO2 (g) + 6H2O (l) → C6H12O6 (s) + 6O2 (g)
20. a. 2Cu(NO3)2 (s) → 2Cu (s) + 4NO2 (g) + O2 (g)
b. The brown gas is nitrogen dioxide.
21. Preparation of lime water: Take 5 gm of calcium oxide(CaO) and mix it in 100 ml of water. The reaction will take place which
will give calcium hydroxide (lime water).
22. When sodium sulphate is added to Barium chloride it gives a white precipitate of barium sulphate which is insoluble in water.
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
In this reaction exchange of ions between the reactant takes place, thus this reaction is double displacement reaction.
23. a. When zinc strip is dipped in copper sulphate solution, zinc sulphate solution is formed and copper is obtained.
Zn(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
b. Displacement reaction.
24. a. Photochemical decomposition reaction. Those reactions in which a compound breaks down into two or more products in
presence of light are called photochemical decomposition reaction. The colour of salt will change from white to grey due to
decomposition of white silver chloride salt into grey silver and chlorine gas will go away.
Sunlight

b. 2AgCl(s) −−−−−→ 2Ag(s) + Cl2(g)

25. i. Zinc is more reactive than copper so when zinc plate was put into copper sulphate solution, slowly zinc reacted to form zinc
sulphate due to which the metal plate got holes in it.
ii. Zn(s) + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu(s)
26. a. Marble chips (chemically calcium carbonate) react with dilute hydrochloric acid to form calcium chloride(salt), carbon
dioxide and water.
CaCO3 + 2HCl → CaCl2 +H2O +CO2
b. Zinc granules react with dilute hydrochloric acid to form zinc chloride(salt) with evolution of hydrogen gas.
Zn(s) +2HCl → ZnCl2(aq)+H2(g)
27. The phenomenon which is responsible for coloured coating on coins is corrosion.
The chemical name of black coating is silver sulphide (Ag2S) and the green coating is copper carbonate & copper hydroxide
(CuCO3 .Cu(OH)2
28. i. In the first step, the redox reaction is taking place.
ii. Metal in the powder form is copper (Cu)
2Cu(s) + O2(g) → 2CuO(s)
Heat

CuO(s) + H2(g) −−−→ Cu(s) +H2O

29. Hydrogen peroxide is highly reactive compound that can react with light or heat to produce water. Thus if it is stored in colourless
plain bottle then light will pass through it and will decompose it into water and oxygen and thus to prevent this decomposition
reaction due to light, it is stored in coloured bottles.
30. Prakash will notice two main observations:
1. Evolution of gas which will be Hydrogen gas.
Zn(s) + dil. H2SO4 (aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + H2(g)
2. The flask will become hot due to evolution of energy in the form of heat (exothermic process).

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31. Substance X is ferrous sulphate heptahydrate or green vitriol (FeSO4 .7H2O). Two gases are sulphur dioxide and sulphur trioxide.
Substance Y is ferric oxide (Fe2O3).
The reaction involved is
Heat

2F eSO4 .7H 2 O( S) −−−→ F e2 O3 (s) + SO2 (g) + SO3 (g) + 14H 2 O

X Y

32. i. This black colour substance is formed by heating copper in presence of oxygen.
ii. The black coloured substance is copper oxide (Cu2O)
33. a. Double displacement reaction.
b. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + 2KI(aq) → PbI2(s) + 2KNO3(aq)

34. 1. Displacement
35. 1. Hydrated iron (III) oxide
36. 1. Chemical
37. 1. Chromium ion
38. 1. Oxidation
39. 1. Carbonate ion
40. 1. Phosphate ion
41. 1. Looses
42. 1. Less
43. 1. gains
44. 1. Gain
45. 1. Displacement
46. 1. Bicarbonate ion
47. 1. Sulphate
48. 1. loss
49. 1. Silver sulphide
50. 1. Gains
51. 1. Displacement
52.
(b) False
Explanation: False
53.
(b) False
Explanation: False
54. (a) True
Explanation: True
55.
(b) False
Explanation: False
56.
(b) False
Explanation: False
57.
(b) False
Explanation: False
58. (a) True
Explanation: True
59. (a) True
Explanation: True

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60. (a) True
Explanation: True
61.
(b) False
Explanation: False
62.
(b) False
Explanation: False
63. (a) True
Explanation: True
64.
(b) False
Explanation: False
65.
(b) False
Explanation: False
66.
(c) Zinc and aluminium
Explanation: Al and Zn are more reactive than Fe, thus they displace iron (black residue) from ferrous sulphate solution.
67. (a) The match stick extinguished and the gas burns with pop sound
Explanation: Hydrogen gas puts off a burning splinter with a pop sound.
68.
(d) (ii) and (iii)
Explanation: When Solid calcium oxide reacts vigorously with water to form calcium hydroxide accompanied by the
liberation of heat. It proves the reaction is exothermic. The pH of the solution will be more than 7 because oxides and
hydroxides of metals are alkaline.
69.
(d) Copper sulphate
Explanation: Reddish brown coating is formed due to the formation of copper metal which is possible when an iron nail is
dipped in CuSO4(aq). Because iron is more reactive than copper.

Fe CuSO4(aq) FeSO4 Cu
+ → +
(Iron) (Blue) (Pale green) (Reddish brown)

70.
(b) (i) and (iv)
Explanation: In beaker A:
NaOH +H2​O→Na++OH−+H2​O + heat
In beaker B:
CuSO4​(s) +5H2​O(l) → CuSO4​.5H2​O(s)
Therefore in both A and B exothermic reactions are taking place resulting in the rise in temperature.
On the other hand in beaker C, an endothermic reaction is taking place as heat is being absorbed, resulting in a decrease in
temperature.
NaCl+H2​O+heat→Na++Cl−+H2​O

71.
(b) No. of atoms in reactants = 8 and number of atoms in product = 8
Explanation: After balancing, the above equation can be written as follows.
3Fe + 4H2O → Fe3O4 + 4H2

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72.
(b) C
Explanation: Fe + ZnSO4 →
​ ​No reaction
It is because iron is less reactive than zinc.
Zn + F eSO4 → ZnSO4 + Fe
Green Colourless Black

The solution becomes colourless and black iron gets deposited.

73.
(d) B
Explanation: Fe does not react with Al2(SO4)3because Fe is less reactive than Al. It reacts with copper sulphate to form
reddish brown copper metal.
cuso4 (a) Cu(s)
Fe(s) + ⟶ FeSO4(aq) +
(blue) Reddish brown

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