PLC Based Energy-Efficient Home Automation
System with Smart Task Scheduling
Abstract— In this paper, we design a PLC based energy-
efficient home automation system with smart task scheduling.
The system is automatically controlled, energy-efficient and
highly scalable to smart home with basic features that save
energy and the residents comfort. This system consists of home
appliances such as garden light, outside light, pump motor,
garden motor and room heater which is controlled using PLC
and relays with our predefined schedule. A Logo PLC system
(Model-0AB3) is used as a central controller. Ladder diagram
is used to design the main program for PLC. This PLC is
capable to storing instructions, sequencing, timing and
processing. We have used wired x10 technology which is a
protocol for communication among electronic devices for home
automation (domestics). It primarily uses power line wiring for
signaling and control. As a result, we make a schedule based on
a whole day to control the loads which depend on real time as
user selected time. Finally the operation of the system has been
successful as we expected.
Keywords—home automation systems, smart scheduling,
energy-efficient homes, PLC home automation, smart home
automation
I. INTRODUCTION
In a world which is winding up progressively mechanized,
Home Automation is getting more consideration from the
families around the world. While numerous modern offices
have moved to completely computerized systems, there are
just a couple of houses that are astutely mechanized, as a
result of the staggering expense of such frameworks. Home
Automation ought to be more available since it doesn't
require an unbelievably cutting edge innovation and can as a
rule be actualized with off-the-rack gadgets. As gadgets get
more brilliant, a considerable measure of exertion is gone
for robotizing a significant number of our everyday
exercises in a moderately simple manner. Another Home
Automation field is developing with the joining of the
portable correspondences advances into the computerization
frameworks, to control apparatuses either by means of the
current electrical wiring of the house, or utilizing a remote
system. Undoubtedly, clients are utilizing portable
applications on their cellphones to control their homes from
separation. Minor precedents are: turning on the air
conditioning system 30 minutes before the inhabitant's entry,
or opening the entryway bolt utilizing a cell phone. Likewise,
misusing such advancements may add to a greener planet;
and if by a "Smart" Home we mean one that is energy-
efficient and that will have the capacity to suitably deal with
its energy resources, and after that this element is basic for a
more secure and more beneficial future.
Smart task scheduling is a component to convey what
undertakings need to complete and which hierarchical assets
978-1-7281-4930-1/19/$31.00 ©2019 IEEE
will be apportioned to finish those tasks in what time
allotment. A smart schedule is a task gathering all the work
expected to do the undertaking on time. Smart task schedule
employments prescient demonstrating to help effortlessly
design out tasks for the day. It take client order and work
profitable propensities, and considers designs over all to do
its clients, to foresee the most ideal due dates for your tasks.
Smart task scheduling, can be a wide range of things and it
very well may be connected at various levels. It may go
from a straightforward control by time to turn on/off various
switches, for example, lights to complex groupings of
activities that may characterize diverse situations in the
Smart house. Envision in a settled time for change the look
of your family room. In the event that you need to
appreciate the most recent motion picture with your family
or companions you press the performance center catch and
the front room transforms into a theater: primary lights fall
off while the LED lighting around the room goes ahead and
the blinders drop down; a screen moves down, the indoor
regulator sets the temperature to the ideal condition while
the projector at the back of the room begins the film.
Envision toward the finish of the motion picture you need to
eat with your family or companions in the opposite side of
the lounge, so you press the supper catch to transform the
parlor into a supper room: the lights over the supper table
please while the LED lights fall off, the screen moves up,
and so forth. This is only one case of the many frameworks
that can be introduced, customized and oversaw. In any case,
unique clients might want distinctive arrangements for a
theater domain and thusly the sys-tem should be extremely
adaptable and simple to reconfigure, with the end goal to be
adjusted for every client requests.
Whatever remains of the paper is sorted out as pursues.
Section II presents current works related with our
framework overall, and also every one of its individual
segments. In segment III, we present our plan. At last,
Section IV examines some execution subtle elements.
II. RELATED WORKS
A. General Home Automation Products
Various Home Automation items exist available. The
greater parts of them are useful however they are not exact.
In different temperature that products shows wrong behavior
with the user. The fundamental contrast between these items
is the interface among client and focal controller. This
system maintains a smart schedule to control the all defined
load and it gives accuracy. It also works with same behavior
in various temperatures.
B. Automation System
Automation and automatic control is the use of various
control devices to make thinks such as machinery factories,
furnaces, heat treatment equipment, management processes,
and stabilization of the mobile networks, ships, air craft
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and other application to be run with minimal human
intervention [1]. The biggest advantage of automation is that
it saves labor but it is also to save energy and materials, and
to improve the quality, precision and accuracy. Automation
is commonly deployed in various ways such as pneumatic,
electrical, mechanical, hydraulics and electronics as well as
computer, complex systems, such as modern factories, air
craft and ships generally use all of this technique in
combination.
C. Programmable Logic Controller (PLC)
A Programmable Logic Controller, or PLC for short, is
just a unique PC gadget utilized for mechanical control
frameworks [2]. The fundamental units have a CPU (a PC
processor) that is committed to run one program that screens
a progression of various sources of inputs and consistently
controls the outputs for the coveted control [3].
III. SYSTEM DESIGN
A. Block Diagram of the system
As an input, a push button switch gives a trigger in PLC
input terminal I1. Then the input module (internal relay) of
PLC will be active. Power supply is also connected with
PLC. Then the processor of PLC start follows the predefined
program which is given by user necessity. PLC makes
decision to give output at its output terminal. Entire block
diagram is given below:
Fig.1. Block Diagram of PLC Based Home Automation and Smart Task
Scheduling
B. Description of the block diagram
1. Power Supply
Electrical supply is utilized in conveying electrical energy to
central processing unit. Most PLC controllers work either at
24 VDC or 220 VAC. On some PLC controllers you'll
discover electrical supply as a different module. Those are
generally greater PLC controllers, while little and medium
arrangement as of now contain the supply module. Client
needs to decide how much flow to take from I/O module to
guarantee that electrical supply gives suitable measure of
flow. Diverse sorts of modules utilize distinctive measures
of electrical flow. This electrical supply is normally not used
to begin outer information sources or yields. Client needs to
give separate supplies in beginning PLC controller
information sources or yields since then you can guarantee
purported "Unadulterated" supply for the PLC controller.
With unadulterated supply we mean supply where modern
condition can not influence it damagingly. A portion of the
littler PLC controllers supply their inputs with voltage from
a little supply source effectively fused into a PLC.
2. Programming Device
PLC is really a industrial microcontroller framework
where you have hardware and programming particularly
adjusted to modern condition. Unique consideration should
be given to info and yield, on the grounds that in these
squares you discover security required in detaching a CPU
obstructs from harming impacts that modern condition can
convey to a CPU by means of information lines. Program
unit is typically a PC utilized for composing a program
(regularly in ladder diagram).
The control program can be gone into the PLC by utilizing
a straightforward from of abnormal state dialect like ladder
diagram, instruction code etc. The input device for example,
switch, push buttons, sensors and output device such ad
motors, relays, valves, lamps and so on are connected with
PLC. The administrator at that point enters an arrangement
of guidance (programs) into the memory of the PLC. The
controller at that point screens the data sources and out puts
as indicated by these projects and completes the control
rules for which it has been customized.
C. Working Principle
First of all PLC (Programmable Logic Control) is loaded by
user predefined programs. When we give the power to the
PLC input power terminal then it is ready to start. We used
two push button switches for Programs turn on and off. First
one push used for start the programs and second one for the
stop. When we press the first the push button that is
connected between I1 and positive input terminal (L+) then
it is initialing the program and it starts to find the user
predefined task schedule. We just make a sample home task
schedule based on a whole day for getting an output. PLC
follow this task schedule for infinite time until to get new
schedule. We can stop the program by pressing second one
push button switch.
D. Schedule Sample
We assume whole day and make five combinations .Each
combination duration is 1 minute. Try to control various
combinations by assuming our home appliance. The
combination is given below-the start time is 17.30
1st combination: Load A (Outside light+ Garden Light)
ON time is 17:30 and OFF time is 17:31.
2nd combination: Load B (Garden Pump)
ON time is 17:31 and OFF time is 17:32
3rd combination: Load C+D (Tank Motor &Room Heater)
ON time is 17:32 and OFF time is 17:33
4th combination: Load B+C (Garden Pump & Tank Motor)
ON time is 17:33 and OFF time is 17:34
5th combination: Load A+C+D (Outside+ Garden Light,
Tank Motor &Room Heater)
ON time is 17:34 and OFF time is 17:35
IV. IMPLEMENTATION
A. Hardware Design
In this part we will talk about the points of interest relating
to the equipment usage of the project. The parts were first
simulated for their activity, before they were incorporated
into the circuit. Influencing utilization of suitable parts to
can upgrade the activity of the circuit.
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B. Circuit Design E. LOGO Soft Simulation

Fig.2. Circuit diagram of the project

C. Description of power circuit diagram

Firstly, we setup the PLC device on the project board.
Fig.3. LOGO Soft Simulation of the project
Then we +24VDC supplied in L+ terminal of PLC and
shorted with the common point of PLC output Q1, Q2, Q3
& Q4. Secondly, we supplied -24VDC in the M terminal of
PLC and shorted with the operating pin number 13 of all
relays. 14 no pin of A, B, C & D relays sequentially
connected with NO terminal of Q1, Q2, Q3 & Q4. +12VDC
connected with the common pin number 9 of all relays and -
12VDC connected with the negative terminal of all load. 5
number NO pin of A, B, C & D relays connected with the +
ve terminal of load sequentially.
A = Outside light+ Garden light,
B = Garden Pump,
C = Tank Motor and
D = Room Heater.
I2 terminal of PLC is used for start the program and it
connected with L+ terminal through the push button switch.
I1 terminal of PLC is used for stop the program and it also
connected with L+ terminal through the push button switch.
D. PLC Ladder Programming
A prominent strategy for PLC writing computer programs is
ladder diagram. Ladder diagram is equal to drawing an
exchanging circuit. It comprises of two vertical lines
speaking to control rails and the circuit is associated with the
level line. The vertical lines of the graph speak to the power
rails between which circuits are associated. Each rung on the
stepping stool characterizes one activity in the control
procedure. A stepping stool outline is perused from the left
to right and from the start to finish demonstrates the
checking movement utilized by the PLC. The best rung is
perused from left to right. At that point second rung down is
perused from left to right and so on. At last the filtering is
halted by END guidance. Each rung must begin with an
input or inputs and should end with somewhere around one
output. The term input is utilized as a contribution of PLC.
The term output is utilized for a device connected with the
output of a PLC. A switch which is regularly open until an
object closes it is shown open in ladder diagram.
CONCLUSIONS
Our main objective is to make the home appliances
smarter and user friendly. So, we have designed a robust
platform which will make the home appliances energy-
efficient and automatic. It controls the appliances our
predefined schedule which will create a smart home and
reduce the misuse of the load.
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 REFERENCES

[1] Frank D Petruzella , Programmable Logic Controllers , 1989

[2] Kevin Collins, PLC Programming for Industrial Automation, 2006
[3] W. Bolton, Programmable Logic Controllers, 1996
[4] Stephen P. Tubbs, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Tutorial,
Siemens Simatic S7-1200, July 2007
[5] M. Morris Mano, Digital Logic And Computer Design,
September 1979
[6] Madhuri R. Mukkawar; S. D. Sawant (2015), “Energy Efficient
Automation System with Smart Task Scheduling" in Computing
Communication Control and Automation (ICCUBEA), 16 July 2015.
[7] Kim Baraka; Marc Ghobril; Sami Malek; Rouwaidakanj; Ayman
Kayssi, “Low cost Arduino/Android-Based Energy-Efficient Home
Automation System with Smart Task Scheduling” in Computational
Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks (CICSyN), 01
August 2013.