Statistics definitions

What is statistics?
1. Statistics is the science of collecting, analyzing,
presenting, interpreting data, as well as of
making decisions based on such analyses.
Descriptive statistics:
2. Consist of methods for the organizing, displaying,
and describing data by using tables, graphs and
summary measures.
Inferential statistics:
3. Consist of methods that use sample results to
help make decisions about a population.
Population:
4. A set of units that is interest to study.
Sample:
5. A subset of the population.
Data:
6. Data set is the collection of observed values of
the statistical variable.
Qualitative data:
7. Data generated by qualitative variable.

Quantitative data:
8. Data generated by quantitative variable.
Raw data:
9. Data recorded in the sequence in which they are collected
and before are ranked.
Stem-and-leaf:
10. In a stem-and-leaf display of quantitative data, each
value is divided into two portions-a stem and a leaf. The
leaves for each stem are shown separately in a display.
Mean:
11. The for ungrouped data is obtained by dividing the
sum of all values by the number of values in the data set.
Median:
12. The median is the value of the middle term in a data
set that has been ranked in increasing order.
Mode:
13. The mode is the value that occurs with the highest
frequency un a data set.
Range:
14. The difference between largest value and smallest
value.
Experiment:
15. An experiment is a process that, when performed,
results in one and only one of many observations.
Outcomes:
16. These observations are called the outcomes of the
experiment.
Sample space:
17. The collection of all outcomes for an experiment is
called a sample space.
Event:
18. An event is a collection of one or more of the
outcomes of an experiment.
Simple event:
19. An event that includes one and only one of the
(final) outcomes for an experiment is called a simple
event and is denoted by Ei.
Compound event:
20. A compound event is a collection of more than one
outcomes for an experiment.
Probability:
21. Is a numerical measure of the likelihood that specific
event will occur.
Classical probability:
22. Two or more outcomes or events that have the
same probability of occurrence are said to be equally
likely outcomes (or events).
Law of large numbers:
23. Law of large numbers If an experiment is repeated
again and again, the probability of an event obtained
from the relative frequency approaches the actual or
theoretical probability.
Subjective probability:
24. Is the probability assigned to an event based on
subjective judgment, experience, information, and belief.
Marginal probability:
25.Is the probability pf a single event without consideration of any
other event, marginal probability is also called simple probability.
Conditional probability:
26. Is the probability that an event will occur given that
another event has already occurred.
Intersection of event:
27.Let A and B be two events defined in a sample space. The
intersection of A and B represents the collection of all outcomes
that are common to both A and B and is denoted by A and B.
Multiplication rule:
28. The probability of the intersection of two events is
called their joint probability.
Factorials:
29. The symbol n!, read as 'n factorial' represent the
product of all the integers from n to 1.
Combinations:
30. Combinations give the number of ways x elements
can be selected from n elements.
Standard normal distribution:
31. The normal distribution with mean= 0 and
standard= 1 is called the standard normal distribution.
Z values or Z scores:
32. The units marked on the horizontal axis of the
standard normal curve are denoted by Z and are called
the Z values or Z scores.