Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Introduction
This Episode gives emphasis on the principles of learning which must be applied to ensure quality
instruction. It also focuses on the intended learning outcomes which set the direction of the lesson.
Intended learning outcomes must be SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, and Time-
bound) and formulated in accordance with time-tested principles. It also determines the teaching
method used by the Resource Teacher whether (inductive or deductive) which is the practical
realization or application of an approach. This episode dovetails with course on Facilitating Learner-
Centered Teaching.
Learning Outcomes:
My Observation
1. Principles and Practices of Teaching and Learning by Resource Teacher
2. Intended Learning Outcomes as SMART
Given the chance to observe the Resource Teacher’s teaching style, activity forms are
provided to fill out. It is advised that I need to read the entire worksheet before meeting and
interviewing them.
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Principles of Learning
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.
2.
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4.
5.
Observation Sheet
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Teacher-Centered Learner-Centered
Did the teacher give lecture all the time? Were students involved in the teaching-
learning process? How? Or were they mere
passive recipients of instruction?
Was the emphasis on the mastery of the Was the emphasis on the students’
lesson or on the test? Prove. application of the lesson in real life? Give
proofs.
Was class atmosphere competitive? Why? Was class atmosphere collaborative? Why?
Did teacher focus only on one Did teacher connect lesson to other
discipline/subject? disciplines/subjects?
Teaching-Learning Practices
What teaching-learning practices shows that teaching approach was:
a. constructivist (connected to past experiences of learners; learners constructed new lesson meanings)
b. inquiry-based (the students’ curiosity is enhanced through the development of their critical thinking skills)
Least applied
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Do SMART objectives make the lesson more focused? Why? Why not?
4. What are possible consequences of teaching purely subject matter for mastery and for the
test?
5. If you were to reteach the class you observed, would you be teacher-centered or learner-
centered? Why?
My Reflection
1. From among the principles of learning, which one do I think is the most important?
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2. What lessons did I learn in determining SMART learning outcomes?
My Learning Artifacts
Post proofs of learning that you were able to gain in this Episode.
It could be the lesson plan of the Resource teacher you observed
References
Paki-edit po itong
naka-red mark.
Page 5
Name of FS Student:
__________________________________________________________
Course, Year and Section:
______________________________________________________
Date Accomplished: __________________________________________________________
EPISODE 10
THE INSTRUCTIONAL CYCLE
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Introduction
This Episode centers on the guiding principles in the selection and use of teaching
methods. It will also tackle lesson development in the OBTL way. The K to 12 curriculum
and teacher education curriculum are focused on outcomes, standards and competencies. This
means that lessons must be delivered with focus on outcomes. Likewise, this Episode dwells
on types of questions, questioning and reacting techniques that teachers make use of. The
type of questions that teachers ask and their manner of questioning and reacting to students
responses have a bearing on class interaction. This Episode strengthens the theories learned in
the course, Teaching Methods and Strategies and in other professional subjects in Education.
Learning Outcomes:
identify the application of some guiding principles in the selection and use of
teaching strategies;
determine whether or not the lesson development was in accordance with outcome-
based teaching and learning;
identify the Resource Teacher’s questioning and reacting techniques; and
outline a lesson in accordance with outcome-based teaching-learning.
My Observation
1. Guiding Principles in the Selection of Teaching Methods
3. The art of questioning and reacting techniques to ensure the effective delivery of
instruction
Given the chance to apply the guiding principles in the selection and use of strategies,
and the effective questioning strategies, activity forms are provided to fill out. It is advised
that I need to read the entire worksheet before meeting and interviewing them.
A. Observation Sheet for Guiding Principles in the Selection and Use of Strategies
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Directions: Observe one class with the use of observation sheet for greater focus then
analyse my observations with the help of the guiding questions.
1. Learning is active process.
2. The more senses that are involved, the more
and the better the learning.
3. A non-threatening atmosphere enhances
learning.
4. Emotion has the power to increase retention.
and learning.
B. Questions to Answer
1. Did the teacher state the learning objectives/intended learning outcomes at the
beginning of the class? Did he /she share them with the class? How?
2. What teaching-learning activities did he/she use? Did these TLAs help him/her
attain his/her lesson objectives/ ILOs? Explain your answer.
3. What assessment tasks did the teacher employ? Is/are these aligned to the lesson
objectives/ILOs?
1. Factual/Convergent/Closed/Low-level
2. Divergent/Open-ended/High-level/Higher
order/ Conceptual
a. evaluation
b. inference
c. comparison
d. application
e. problem-solving
3. Affective
My Analysis
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1. Is there such a thing as best method of teaching? Why?
3. Explain: “Children go to school as question marks and leave school as periods!” by Neil
Postman
My Reflection
1. As a future teacher, how will I select the appropriate strategy for my lessons?
My Learning Artifacts
Present proofs of leaning that you were able to gain in this Episode by interviewing at least
two teachers on their thoughts on Outcome-Based Teaching and Learning (OBTL).
References
Paki-edit po itong
naka-red mark.
Name of FS Student:
__________________________________________________________
Course, Year and Section:
______________________________________________________
Date Accomplished: __________________________________________________________
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