How to get all the PDFs, Notes, DPP Sheets and

study material supplied by Shubham Sir ?

Step 1
Open Telegram App

Step 2
Go to search bar and type - @theshubhamupadhyay_unacademy

Step 3
Open the Group and select “Join” at the bottom

Step 4
Welcome to the Group of the Best Judiciary Study Material and Content
 OFFERINGS
OF
SANKALP
UPPCSJ BATCH
Subjects Covered
✓ 10 Law Subjects for UPPCSJ Prelims Examination – for Law Paper
✓ 9 Law Subjects for UPPCSJ Prelims Examination – for GK Paper (Pre and Mains)
✓ Rapid Coverage of Current Affairs and Static GK from Prelims and Mains Point of View
✓ Equal Focus on the Major and Minor Subjects along with General Knowledge
Study Material and Other Benefits (To be Provided on Separate Sankalp Batch Telegram Group)
1. Rapid Study Material (RSM) – 350+ Most Important One Liners for 5 Core GK Subjects – History,
Geography, Polity, Economics, Science (Hindi and English)
2. Static GK – Rapid Revision Capsules for Miscellaneous (Hindi and English)
3. 100+ Daily Practice Paper Sheets till your Prelims Examination – consisting of 20 questions of
Static GK and Current Affairs (10 Each)
4. Month wise Most Important and Prominent Handwritten Current Affairs from January 2021 to
December 2022 (English)
5. Full length Mock Test – 15 (10 Law + 5 GK)
6. 50+ Audibles for Static GK and Current Affairs
7. Tests on the 9 newly added Law subjects in the GK portion.

Remember to use the Code JW10

 Personal Guidance Study Planner
Get one on one guidance from Customized study plan with
top exam experts bi-weekly reviews

Live Classes Weekly Tests

ICONIC PLUS
Structured Unlimited
Courses Access
Test Analysis Experts' Guidelines
Get one on one guidance from Study booster workshops by
top exam experts exam experts
1. Types of Market, Money and Taxes.
2. Law of Demand, Supply and Diminishing
Marginal Utility
3. National Income and GDP
Forms of Market

•Monopoly
•Oligopoly
•Perfect competition
•Monopolistic competition
Monopoly:
A monopolistic market is a market formation with the qualities of a pure
market. A pure monopoly can only exist when one provider gives a specific
service or a product to numerous customers. In a monopolistic market, the
imposing business organisation, or the controlling organisation, has the
overall control of the entire market, so it sets the supply and price of its
goods and services. For example, the Indian Railway, Google, Microsoft,
and Facebook.

Oligopoly:
An oligopoly is a market form with a few firms, none of which can hold the
others back from having a critical impact. The fixation or concentration
proportion estimates the piece of the market share of the biggest firms.
For example, commercial air travel, auto industries, cable television, etc.
Perfect competition:
Perfect competition is an absolute sort of market form wherein all end
consumers and producers have complete and balanced data and no
exchange costs. There is an enormous number of makers and customers
rivalling each other in this sort of environment. For example, agricultural
products like carrots, potatoes, and various grain products, the securities
market, foreign exchange markets, and even online shopping websites, etc.
Monopolistic competition:
Monopolistic competition portrays an industry where many firms offer
their services and products that are comparative (however somewhat
flawed) substitutes. Obstructions or barriers to exit and entry in
monopolistic competitive industries are low, and the choices made of any
firm don’t explicitly influence those of its rivals. The monopolistic
competition is firmly identified with the business technique of brand
separation and differentiation. For example, hairdressers, restaurant
businesses, hotels, and pubs.
Monopsony:
A monopsony is a market situation wherein there is just a single purchaser, the
monopsonist. Just like a monopoly, a monopsony additionally has an imperfect
market condition. The contrast between a monopsony and a monopoly is
basically in the distinction between the controlling business elements. For
example, a company that collects the entire labour of a town. Like a sugar
factory that recruits labourers from the entire town to extract sugar from
sugarcane.

Oligopsony:
An oligopsony is a business opportunity for services and products that is
influenced by a couple of huge purchasers. The centralisation of market demand
is in only a couple of parties that gives each a generous control of its vendors
and can adequately hold costs down. For example, the supermarket industry is
arising as an oligopsony with a worldwide reach.
Types of Money

1. Commodity Money – Gold, Silver, Spices, Beads (Barter System)

2. Fiat Money – Currency issued by government
3. Fiduciary Money – Cheques, Promissory Notes
4. Metallic Money – Metals, Gold, SIlver
5. Paper Money – Currency Notes
6. Legal Tender Money – Coins, Currency, (2000 note)
Types of Taxes

1. Direct Taxes
2. Indirect Taxes

What is Direct Tax?

Direct taxes are imposed on corporate entities and individuals. These

taxes cannot be transferred to others. For individual taxpayers like
you, the most important type of Direct tax is the income tax.
Direct taxes account for almost 50% of the government’s revenue in
India. However, income tax is not the only direct tax. Here are the
types of direct taxes applicable in India:
1. Income Tax
2. Capital Gains Tax – tax on profits from the sale of capital assets
3. Corporate Tax – paid by business houses
Indirect Tax in India have been the most consistent and largest
revenue source for the government. The Indian tax system has
had multiple indirect taxes, some of these are still operational:

a) Service Tax
b) Indian Excise Duty
c) Value Added Tax (VAT)
d) Customs Duty
e) Securities Transaction Tax (STT)
f) Stamp Duty
g) Entertainment Tax
What is Goods and Services Tax?
Goods and Services Tax or GST has been a consolidation of a complex
web of indirect taxes in India. Taxation in India can have three layers of
levies – Centre, State and Local Authority or Municipalities.
Before GST introduction in the Indian taxation system, the following
indirect taxes could apply to the goods and services in India:
a) Excise Duty
b) Entertainment Tax
c) Value Added Tax (VAT, State)
d) Octroi
e) Service Tax
f) Central Sales Tax (collected by State)
g) Purchase Tax
h) Entry Tax (State)
i) Luxury Tax (State)
GST Rates

The GST Council determines the GST rate slabs.

The GST Council reviews the rate slabs for goods and services on a
regular basis. GST rates are typically high for luxury items and low for
necessities. GST rates in India for various goods and services are
divided into four slabs: 5% GST, 12% GST, 18% GST, and 28% GST.
 Common Commodities in various GST Slabs in 2022
0% GST 5% GST 12% GST 18% GST 28 % GST

High-end
Milk Sugar Butter Hair Oil
motorcycles
Eggs Tea Ghee Toothpaste Small cars

Luxury & sin items

Curd Packed Paneer Computers Soap like BMWs,
cigarettes
Lassi Coal Processed food Ice-cream AC

Fresh Vegetables Footwear (< Rs.500) Almonds Pasta Refrigerator

Salt Cashew Nuts Mobiles Toiletries Aerated drinks

Atta, Maida, Fruit Juice Computers
Besan Apparels (< Rs.1000)
The Law of Demand.
The law of demand says that rising prices reduce demand. So as
prices rise, customers buy less. That's particularly true if they can
substitute cheaper goods. When the famous musician comes to
town, not everyone may be able to afford a ticket even if they'd
like to go. So, if the theater sets prices too high, fewer people will
decide it's a worthwhile purchase, and the show organizers will be
left with empty seats. Fans who want to resell their tickets may
need to lower their asking price. Some people may decide to see
another artist instead, if those tickets are cheaper.
The Law of Supply.
The law of supply predicts a positive relationship between pricing and supply. As
prices of goods or services rise, suppliers increase the amount they produce — as
long as the revenue generated by each additional unit they produce is greater
than the cost of producing it. Seeing a greater potential for profits, new suppliers
may also enter the market. For example, prices of lithium and other metals used
in batteries have soared as sales of electric vehicles have increased. That has
encouraged mining companies to explore new sources of lithium and expand
production at existing mines in order to increase the supply and generate higher
profits.
Law of Diminishing Marginal Utility
As a consumer consumes more and more of a commodity, the marginal utility
derived out of every subsequent commodity consumed decreases. Eg:- If you eat
one Jalebi, then second, then third and so on…the utility derived out of every
subsequent Jalebi will keep on decreasing.
How to get all the PDFs, Notes, DPP Sheets and
study material supplied by Shubham Sir ?
Step 1
Open Telegram App

Step 2
Go to search bar and type - @theshubhamupadhyay_unacademy

Step 3
Open the Group and select “Join” at the bottom

Step 4
Welcome to the Group of the Best Judiciary Study Material and Content