Page 152

Triangles Chap 6

CHAPTER 6

Tr iangles

ONE MARK QUESTION (a) ab (b) ac

a+b b+c

(c) bc (d) ac
b+c a+c


Multiple Choice Question

Ans :

In TKPN and TKLM , +K is common and we have

1. In the given figure, DE z BC . The value of EC is
+KNP = +KML = 46c
Thus by A - A criterion of similarity,
TKNP + TKML

Thus KN = NP
KM ML

c = x & x = ac
b+c a b+c
Thus (b) is correct option.

3. TABC is an equilateral triangle with each side of

length 2p . If AD = BC then the value of AD is
(a) 1.5 cm (b) 3 cm (a) 3 (b) 3 p
(c) 2 cm (d) 1 cm (c) 2p (d) 4p


Ans :

Ans :

Since, DE z BC We have AB = BC = CA = 2p

AD = AE and AD = BC

DB EC

1.5 = 1 & EC = 2 cm
3 EC
Thus (c) is correct option.

2. In the given figure, x is

In TADB , AB 2 = AD2 + BD2

(2p) 2 = AD2 + p2
AD2 = 3p
Thus (b) is correct option.
Chap 6 Triangles

4. Which of the following statement is false? (c) AQ2 + CP2 = AC2 + PQ2
(d) AQ + CP = 1 ^AC + PQ h
(a) All isosceles triangles are similar.
(b) All quadrilateral are similar. 2


Ans :
(c) All circles are similar.
In right angled TABQ and TCPB ,
(d) None of the above
CP2 = CB2 + BP2


Ans :
Isosceles triangle is a triangle in which two side of and AQ2 = AB2 + BQ2
equal length. Thus two isosceles triangles may not be
similar. Hence statement given in option (a) is false.
Thus (a) is correct option.

5. Two poles of height 6 m and 11 m stand vertically

upright on a plane ground. If the distance between
their foot is 12 m, then distance between their tops is
(a) 12 m (b) 14 m
(c) 13 m (d) 11 m


Ans :
Let AB and CD be the vertical poles as shown below.
CP2 + AQ2 = CB2 + BP2 + AB2 + BQ2
= CB2 + AB2 + BP2 + BQ2

= AC2 + PQ2

Thus (c) is correct option.

7. It is given that, TABC + TEDF such that

AB = 5 cm, AC = 7 cm, DF = 15 cm and DE = 12 cm
then the sum of the remaining sides of the triangles is
(a) 23.05 cm (b) 16.8 cm
We have AB = 6 m , CD = 11 m (c) 6.25 cm (d) 24 cm
and AC = 12 m

Ans :
DE = CD − CE We have TABC + TEDF
= ^11 − 6h m = 5 m

In right angled, TBED ,
BD2 = BE2 + DE2 = 122 + 52 = 169
BD = 169 m = 13 m
Hence, distance between their tops is 13 m.
Thus (c) is correct option.

6. In a right angled TABC right angled at B , if P and

Q are points on the sides AB and BC respectively,
then 5 = 7 = BC
(a) AQ2 + CP2 = 2 ^AC2 + PQ2h Now
12 EF 15
(b) 2 ^AQ2 + CP2h = AC2 + PQ2 Taking first and second ratios, we get
Page 154 Triangles Chap 6

5 = 7 & EF = 7 # 12 (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

12 EF 5


Ans :
= 16.8 cm

We have,
Taking first and third ratios, we get
5 = BC & BC = 5 # 15 AB2 + BC2 = ^24h2 + ^10h2

12 15 12 = 576 + 100 = 676 = AC2

= 6.25 cm
Thus AB2 + BC2 = AC2 and ABC is a right angled
Now, sum of the remaining sides of triangle, triangle.
EF + BC = 16.8 + 6.25 = 23.05 cm Also, two triangle are similar if their corresponding
Thus (a) is correct option. angles are equal.
Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason
8. The area of a right angled triangle is 40 sq cm and its (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
perimeter is 40 cm. The length of its hypotenuse is Thus (b) is correct option.
(a) 16 cm (b) 18 cm
(c) 17 cm (d) data insufficient


Ans : (b) 18 cm

Let c be the hypotenuse of the triangle, a and b be

other sides.
Now c = a2 + b2

Fill in the Blank Question
We have, a + b + c = 40 and 1 ab = 40 & ab = 80
2 10. A line drawn through the mid-point of one side of a
c = 40 − ^a + b h and ab = 80 triangle parallel to another side bisects the ..........
side.
Squaring c = 40 − ^a + b h we have

Ans :
c2 = [40 − ^a + b h] 2 third
a2 + b2 = 1600 − 2 # 40 ^a + b h + ^a + b h2 11. .......... theorem states that in a right triangle, the
a2 + b2 = 1600 − 2 # 40 ^a + b h + a2 + 2ab + b2
square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the

squares of the other two sides.
0 = 1600 − 2 # 40 ^a + b h + 2 # 80

Ans :
0 = 20 − ^a + b h + 2 Pythagoras
a + b = 22 12. Line joining the mid-points of any two sides of a
c = 40 − ^a + b h = 40 − 22 = 18 cm
triangle is .......... to the third side.



Ans :
Thus (b) is correct option.
parallel
9. Assertion : In the 3ABC , AB = 24 cm , BC = 10 cm
and AC = 26 cm , then 3ABC is a right angle triangle. 13. All squares are ..........
Reason : If in two triangles, their corresponding angles

Ans :
are equal, then the triangles are similar. similar
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion 14. Two triangles are said to be .......... if
(A). corresponding angles of two triangles are equal.
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but

Ans :
reason (R) is not the correct explanation of equiangular
assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.
Chap 6 Triangles Page 155

15. All similar figures need not be .......... 25. TABC is an equilateral triangle of side 2a , then


Ans : length of one of its altitude is ................... .


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
congruent
TABC is an equilateral triangle as shown below, in
16. All circles are .......... which AD = BC .


Ans :
similar

17. If a line divides any two sides of a triangle in the same

ratio, then the line is parallel to the .......... side.


Ans :
third

18. If a line divides any two sides of a triangle

in the same ratio, then the line is .......... to the third Using Pythagoras theorem we have
side. AB2 = (AD) 2 + (BD) 2


Ans :
(2a) 2 = (AD) 2 + (a) 2
parallel
4a2 - a2 = (AD) 2
19. All congruent figures are similar but the
similar figures need .......... be congruent. (AD) 2 = 3a2


Ans : AD = a 3
not Hence, the length of attitude is a 3 .
20. Two figures are said to be .......... if they have 26. TABC and TBDE are two equilateral triangle such
same shape but not necessarily the same size. that D is the mid-point of BC . Ratio of the areas of


Ans : triangles ABC and BDE is ................. .
similar

Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]

From the given information we have drawn the figure

21. .......... theorem states that if a line is drawn as below.
parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other
two sides in distinct points, the other two sides are
divided in the same ratio.


Ans :
Basic proportionality

22. All .......... triangles are similar.

Ans :
equilateral
ar (TABC) 3
(BC) 2 (BC) 2
= 4
= 1
23. Two figures having the same shape and size ar (TBDE) ^ 2 BC h
3 2 2
4 (BD)
are said to be ...........
2


Ans : = 4BC2 = 4 = 4 : 1

BC 1
congruent
27. A ladder 10 m long reaches a window 8 m above the
24. Two triangles are similar if their corresponding sides ground. The distance of the foot of the ladder from
are ............... . the base of the wall is ................ m.


Ans :

Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]

in the same ratio. Let AB be the height of the window above the ground
and BC be a ladder.
Page 156 Triangles Chap 6

Very Short Answer Question

30. TABC is isosceles with AC = BC . If AB2 = 2AC2 ,

then find the measure of +C .


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]

We have AB2 = 2AC2

Here, AB = 8 m AB2 = AC2 + AC2

and AC = 10 m AB2 = BC2 + AC2

( BC = AC )
In right angled triangle ABC , It satisfies the Pythagoras theorem. Thus according
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 to converse of Pythagoras theorem, TABC is a right
angle triangle and +C = 90c.
102 = 82 + BC2
BC2 = 100 − 64 = 36
BC = 6 m

28. In TABC , AB = 6 3 cm , AC = 12 cm and

BC = 6 cm , then +B = .................. .


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]

We have AB = 6 3 cm,
AC = 12 cm and
BC = 6 cm
Now AB2 = 36 # 3 = 108
31. In Figure, DE || BC . Find the length of side AD , given
AC2 = 144
that AE = 1.8 cm, BD = 7.2 cm and CE = 5.4 cm .
and BC2 = 36
In can be easily observed that above values satisfy
Pythagoras theorem,
AB2 + BC2 = AC 2
108 + 36 = 144 cm
Thus +B = 90c

29. The perimeters of two similar triangles are 25 cm and

15 cm respectively. If one side of the first triangle is

Ans : [Board 2019 OD]
9 cm, then the corresponding side of second triangle
is ................... . Since DE || BC we have


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]
AD = AE
DB EC
Ratio of the perimeter of two similar triangles is equal
to the ratio of corresponding sides. Substituting the values, we get
25 = 9 AD = 1.8
Thus 7.2 5.4
15 side

= 9 # 15 = 5.4 cm
side AD = 1.8 # 7.2 = 12.96 = 2.4 cm
25 5.4 5.4
Chap 6 Triangles

32. In TABC, DE || BC, find the value of x . QB = 4 # 4.5 = 3 cm

6

Thus QB = 3 cm

34. In TABC, if X and Y are points on AB and AC

XB = 4 , AY = 5 and YC = 9,
respectively such that AX 3

then state whether XY and BC parallel or not.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2016, 2015]

As per question we have drawn figure given below.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

In the given figure DE || BC , thus

AD = AE
DB EC

x = x + 3
x+1 x+5

x2 + 5x = x2 + 4x + 3
x = 3
In this figure we have
33. In the given figure, if +A = 90º, +B = 90º, OB = 4.5
cm OA = 6 cm and AP = 4 cm then find QB. AX = 3 , AY = 5 and YC = 9

XB 4

Now AX = 3 and AY = 5
XB 4 YC 9

Since AX =
Y AY
XB YC

Hence XY is not parallel to BC.

35. In the figure, PQ is parallel to MN. If KP = 4 and

PM 13
KN = 20.4 cm then find KQ.

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2015]

In TPAO and TQBO we have

+A = +B = 90º
Vertically opposite angle,
+POA = +QOB
Thus TPAO ~TQBO


Ans :
OA = PA
OB QB
In the given figure PQ || MN , thus
6 = 4
4.5 QB KP = KQ (By BPT)
PM QN
 Triangles Chap 6

KP = KQ

PM KN − KQ

4 = KQ

13 20.4 − KQ

4 # 20.4 - 4KQ = 13KQ

17KQ = 4 # 20.4

KQ = 20.4 # 4 = 4.8 cm
17

Here we have 2AB = DE and BC = 8 cm

Since TABC ~TDEF , we have

AB = DE
BC EF

AB = 2AB
8 EF

EF = 2 # 8 = 16 cm

36. In given figure DE || BC. If AD = 3c, DB = 4c cm 38. Are two triangles with equal corresponding sides
and AE = 6 cm then find EC. always similar?


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

Yes, Two triangles having equal corresponding

sides are are congruent and all congruent Ts
have equal angles, hence they are similar too.

TWO MARKS QUESTION

39. In Figure +D = +E and AD = AE , prove that

DB EC
TBAC is an isosceles triangle.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

In the given figure DE || BC , thus

AD = AE
BD EC

3 = 6
4 EC


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Standard]
EC = 8 cm
We have, +D = +E
37. If triangle ABC is similar to triangle DEF such that
2AB = DE and BC = 8 cm then find EF. and AD = AE
DB EC


Ans :
By converse of BPT, DE < BC
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. Due to corresponding angles we have
+ADE = +ABC and
Chap 6 Triangles Page 159

+AED = +ACB the sides CA, CB respectively such that DE || AB,

AD = 2x, DC = x + 3, BE = 2x − 1 and CE = x.
Given +ADE = +AED Then, find x.
Thus +ABC = +ACB
Therefore BAC is an isosceles triangle.

OR
In the figure of TABC, DE || AB. If AD = 2x,
DC = x + 3, BE = 2x − 1 and CE = x, then find the
value of x.

40. In Figure, ABC is an isosceles triangle right angled at

C with AC = 4 cm , Find the length of AB .

Ans : [Board Term-1 2015, 2016]

We have CD = CE
AD BE

x + 3 = x
2x 2x − 1

5x = 3 or, x = 3


Ans : [Board 2019 OD]
5
Alternative Method :
Since ABC is an isosceles triangle right angled at C ,
In ABC, DE || AB , thus
AC = BC = 4 cm
CD = CE
+C = 90c CA CB
Using Pythagoras theorem in TABC we have,
CD = CE
AB2 = BC2 + AC2 CA - CD CB − CE

= 42 + 42 = 16 + 16 = 32
CD = CE
AD BE
AB = 4 2 cm.
x + 3 = x
2x 2x − 1
41. In the figure of TABC, the points D and E are on
Page 160 Triangles Chap 6

Ans : [Board Term-1 2010]

5x = 3 or, x = 3
5
In the given figure TABC ~TPQR ,
42. In an equilateral triangle of side 3 3 cm find the
length of the altitude. Thus AB = BC = AC
PQ QR PR


Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side 3 3 z = 8 = 4 3

3 6 y
cm and AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular
bisector of side BC. This is shown in figure given z = 8 and 8 = 4 3
below.
3 6 6 y

z = 8 # 3 and y = 4 3 # 6
6 8

z = 4 and y = 3 3
Thus y + z = 3 3 + 4

44. In an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm, find the length

of the altitude.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side 24 cm

and AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular
bisector of side BC. This is shown in figure given
below.
^3 3 h = h2 + c 2 m
2
Now
2 3 3

27 = h2 + 27
4

h2 = 27 − 27 = 81
4 4

h = 9 = 4.5 cm
2

Now BD = BC = 24 = 12 cm
2 2

AB = 24 cm

AD = AB2 − BD2
43. In the given figure, TABC ~TPQR. Find the value
= ^24h2 − ^12h2

of y + z.
= 576 − 144

= 432 = 12 3

Thus AD = 12 3 cm.

45. In TABC, AD = BC, such that AD2 = BD # CD.

Prove that TABC is right angled at A.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

Chap 6 Triangles

below. 46. In an equilateral triangle, prove that three times the

square of one side is equal to four times the square of
one of its altitudes. [Board 2020 SQP Standard]


o
Find the altitude of an equilateral triangle when each
of its side is a cm.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

Let TABC be an equilateral triangle of side a and

AD is altitude which is also a perpendicular bisector
of side BC. This is shown in figure given below.

We have AD2 = BD # CD

AD = BD
CD AD

Since +D = 90º , by SAS we have

TADC ~TBDA
and +BAD = +ACD;
Since corresponding angles of similar triangles are
equal
+DAC = +DBA
+
BAD + +ACD + +DAC + +DBA = 180º
a2 = a a k + h2
2
In TABD,
2
2+BAD + 2+DAC = 180º
2 2
+BAD + +DAC = 90º h2 = a2 − a = 3a
4 4
+A = 90º
Thus h = 3a
Thus TABC is right angled at A. 2

Thus 4h2 = 3a2 Hence Proved

47. In the given triangle PQR, +QPR = 90º, PQ = 24 cm

and QR = 26 cm and in TPKR, +PKR = 90º and
KR = 8 cm, find PK.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

In the given triangle we have

+QPR = 90º
Thus QR2 = QP2 + PR2
Page 162 Triangles Chap 6

PR = 262 − 242

Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]

= 100 = 10 cm
We have PS = 3
SQ 5
Now +PKR = 90º
PS = 3
Thus PK = 102 − 82 = 100 − 64 PS + SQ 3+5

= 36 = 6 cm
PS = 3
PQ 8
We also have, ST || QR , thus by BPT we get
48. In the given figure, G is the mid-point of the side PQ
of TPQR and GH || QR. Prove that H is the mid- PS = PT
point of the side PR or the triangle PQR. PQ PR

PT = PS # PR
PQ

= 3 # 28 = 10.5 cm

8
50. In the given figure, +A = +B and AD = BE. Show
that DE || AB.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

Since G is the mid-point of PQ we have

PG = GQ

PG = 1
GQ

We also have GH || QR , thus by BPT we get

Ans : [Board Term-1, 2012, set-63]

PG = PH In TCAB, we have
GQ HR
+A = +B (1)
1 = PH
HR By isosceles triangle property we have
PH = HR. Hence proved. AC = CB
Hence, H is the mid-point of PR . But, we have been given

49. In the given figure, in a triangle PQR, ST || QR and AD = BE (2)

SQ = 5 and PR = 28 cm, find PT.
PS 3
Dividing equation (2) by (1) we get,

CD = CE
AD BE

By converse of BPT,

DE || AB. Hence Proved

51. In the given figure, if ABCD is a trapezium in which

Chap 6 Triangles Page 163

AB || CD || EF, then prove that AE

ED = BF
FC
In right triangle ADE,
DE2 = ^3 h2 + ^4 h2 = 25
Thus DE = 5 km

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

We draw, AC intersecting EF at G as shown

below.

In TCAB, GF
|| AB , thus by BPT we have

AG = BF ...(1)
CG FC

In TADC, EG || DC , thus by BPT we have

53. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || CD and its
AE = AG ...(2) diagonals intersect each other at the point O. Show
ED CG
that AO = CO .
BO DO
From equations (1) and (2),

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

AE = BF . Hence Proved. As per given condition we have drawn the figure

ED FC below.
52. In a rectangle ABCD, E is a point on AB such that
AE = 23 AB. If AB = 6 km and AD = 3 km, then find
DE.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below.

In TAOB and TCOD, AB || CD ,

Thus due to alternate angles
+OAB = +DCO
and +OBA = +ODC
By AA similarity we have
We have AE = 2 AB = 2 # 6 = 4 km
3 3
 Triangles Chap 6

TAOB ~TCOD PX: XQ = 1: 2. Calculate the length of PR and QR.

For corresponding sides of similar triangles we have

AO = BO
CO DO

AO = CO . Hence Proved
BO DO
54. In the given figures, find the measure of +X.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

Since XY || OR , by BPT we have

PX = PY
XQ YR

1 = PY
2 PR − PY

=
4
PR − 4

PR - 4 = 8 & PR = 12 cm
In right TPQR we have
QR2 = PR2 − PQ2
= 122 − 62 = 144 − 36 = 108



Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]
Thus QR = 6 3 cm
From given figures,
PQ 56. ABC is a right triangle right angled at C. Let BC = a,
= 4.2 = 1 ,
ZY 8.4 2 CA = b, AB = c PQR, ST | | QR and p be the length of
perpendicular from C to AB . Prove that cp = ab .
PR = 3 3 = 1
ZX 6 3 2

QR
and = 7 = 1
YX 14 2
QP QR
Thus = PR =
ZY ZX YX

By SSS criterion we have

TPQR ~TZYX
Thus +X = +R
= 180º − ^60º + 70ºh = 50°


Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

In the given figure CD = AB, and CD = p

Thus +X = 50º
Area, TABC = 1 # base # height
55. In the given figure, PQR is a triangle right angled 2
at Q and XY || QR. If PQ = 6 cm, PY = 4 cm and
Chap 6 Triangles Page 165

= 1 # AB # CD = 1 cp
Due to vertical opposite angle,
2 2
+EGQ = +FGS
Also, Area of TABC = 1 # BC # AC = 1 ab Due to alternate angle,
2 2

1 cp = 1 ab +EQG = +FSG
Thus
2 2
Thus by AA similarity we have
cp = ab Proved
TGEQ ~GFS
57. In an equilateral triangle ABC, AD is drawn EQ GQ
perpendicular to BC meeting BC in D. Prove that =
FS GS
AD2 = 3BD2 .


Ans : [Board Term-1 2012] EQ # GS = GQ # FS

In TABD, from Pythagoras theorem, 59. A man steadily goes 10 m due east and then 24 m
due north.
(1) Find the distance from the starting point.
(2) Which mathematical concept is used in this prob-
lem?


Ans :
(1) Let the initial position of the man be at O and
his final position be B. The man goes to 10 m due
east and then 24 m due north. Therefore, TAOB is
a right triangle right angled at A such that OA = 10
m and AB = 24 m. We have shown this condition in
figure below.

AB2 = AD2 + BD2

Since AB = BC = CA , we get
BC2 = AD2 + BD2,
Since = is the median in an equilateral T, BC = 2BD

^2BD h2 = AD + BD
2 2

4BD2 - BD2 = AD2
3BD2 = AD2 By Pythagoras theorem,
58. In the figure, PQRS is a trapezium in which OB2 = OA2 + AB2
PQ || RS. On PQ and RS, there are points E and F
respectively such that EF intersects SQ at G . Prove = ^10h2 + ^24h2

that EQ # GS = GQ # FS. = 100 + 576 = 676

or, OB = 676 = 26 m
Hence, the man is at a distance of 26 m from the
starting point.
(2) Pythagoras Theorem

60. In the given figure, OA # OB = OC # OD, show that

Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

In TGEQ and TGFS ,

 Triangles Chap 6

+A = +C and +B = +D. 3x - 10 = 2x − 3
3x - 2x = 10 − 3 & x = 7
Thus x = 7 .

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

We have OA # OB = OC # OD

OA = OC
OD OB

Due to the vertically opposite angles,

+AOD = +COB
Thus by SAS similarity we have
TAOD ~TCOB
Thus +A = +C and +B = +D. because of 62. In the given figure, CB || QR and CA || PR. If
corresponding angles of similar triangles. AQ = 12 cm, AR = 20 cm, PB = CQ = 15 cm,
calculate PC and BR.
61. In the given figure, if AB || DC, find the value of x.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]
We know that diagonals of a trapezium divide each
other proportionally. Therefore In TPQR, CA || PR

OA = BO By BPT similarity we have

OC OD
PC = RA
x + 5 = x − 1 CQ AQ
x+3 x−2
PC = 20
^x + 5h^x − 2h = ^x − 1h^x + 3h 15 12

x2 − 2x + 5x − 10 = x2 + 3x − x − 3 PC = 15 # 20 = 25 cm
12
x2 + 3x − 10 = x2 + 2x − 3
Chap 6 Triangles Page 167

In TPQR, CB || QR the figure given below.

Thus PC = PR
CQ BR

25 = 15
15 BR

BR = 15 # 15 = 9 cm
25

THREE MARKS QUESTION In 3 BAP and 3 CDP we have

+BAP = +CDP = 90c
63. In Figure, in TABC , DE z BC such that AD = 2.4 cm, and due to vertical opposite angle
AB = 3.2 cm and AC = 8 cm, then what is the length +BPA = +CPD
of AE ?
By AA similarity we have
3 BAP ` 3 CDP
BP = AP
Therefore PC PD

AP # PC = BP # PD Hence Proved

65. In the given figure, if +ACB = +CDA , AC = 6 cm

and AD = 3 cm, then find the length of AB .


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]

We have DE z BC

By BPT, AD = AE
DB EC

2.4 = AE
AB - AD AC − AE

2.4 = AE
3.2 - 2.4 8 − AE

Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]

2.4 = AE In TABC and TACD we have

0.8 8 − AE +ACB = +CDA [given]

= AE
3 +CAB = +CAD [common]
8 − AE
By AA similarity criterion we get
3 AE
= TABC + TACD
1+3 8 − AE + AE
3 AE Thus AB = BC = AC
4 = 8 & AE = 6 cm AC CD AD

Now AB = AC
64. Two right triangles ABC and DBC are drawn on AC AD
the same hypotenuse BC and on the same side
of BC . If AC and BD intersect at P , prove that AC2 = AB # AD
AP # PC = BP # DP .
62 = AB # 3


Ans : [Board 2019 OD]

Let TABC , and TDBC be right angled at A and D AB = 36 = 12 cm

3
respectively.
66. If P and Q are the points on side CA and CB
As per given information in question we have drawn
Page 168 Triangles Chap 6

respectively of TABC , right angled at C , prove that = 625 − 576 = 49

^AQ2 + BP2h = ^AB2 + PQ2h
Thus CA = 7 m
Hence, the distance of the foot of ladder from the
building is 7 m.

Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi]

THREE MARKS QUESTION
In right angled triangles ACQ and PCB
AQ2 = AC 2 + CQ2 ...(1) 68. In Figure, in TABC , DE z BC such that AD = 2.4 cm,
2 2 2 AB = 3.2 cm and AC = 8 cm, then what is the length
and BP = PC + CB ...(2)
of AE ?
Adding eq (1) and eq (2), we get
AQ2 + BP2 = ^AC 2 + CQ2h + ^PC 2 + CB 2h
= ^AC 2 + CB2h + ^PC 2 + CQ2h

Thus AQ2 + BP2 = AB2 + PQ2 Hence Proved

67. A ladder 25 m long just reaches the top of a building

24 m high from the ground. What is the distance of
the foot of ladder from the base of the building?


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]

Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]

Let AB be the building and CB be the ladder. As per

We have DE z BC
information given we have drawn figure below.
By BPT, AD = AE
DB EC

2.4 = AE
AB - AD AC − AE

2.4 = AE
3.2 - 2.4 8 − AE

2.4 = AE
0.8 8 − AE

Here AB = 24 m = AE
3
8 − AE
CB = 25 m 3 AE
=
1+3 8 − AE + AE
and +CAB = 90c
By Pythagoras Theorem, 3 AE
4 = 8 & AE = 6 cm
CB2 = AB2 + CA2
or, CA2 = CB2 − AB2 69. Two right triangles ABC and DBC are drawn on
the same hypotenuse BC and on the same side
= 232 − 242
of BC . If AC and BD intersect at P , prove that
Chap 6 Triangles

AP # PC = BP # DP . 62 = AB # 3


Ans : [Board 2019 OD]
AB = 36 = 12 cm
Let TABC , and TDBC be right angled at A and D 3
respectively. 71. If P and Q are the points on side CA and CB
As per given information in question we have drawn respectively of TABC , right angled at C , prove that
the figure given below. ^AQ2 + BP2h = ^AB2 + PQ2h

In 3 BAP and 3 CDP we have

+BAP = +CDP = 90c
and due to vertical opposite angle


Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi]
+BPA = +CPD
By AA similarity we have In right angled triangles ACQ and PCB

3 BAP ` 3 CDP AQ2 = AC 2 + CQ2 ...(1)

BP = AP and BP 2 = PC 2 + CB2 ...(2)
Therefore PC PD
Adding eq (1) and eq (2), we get
AP # PC = BP # PD Hence Proved AQ2 + BP2 = ^AC 2 + CQ2h + ^PC 2 + CB 2h

70. In the given figure, if +ACB = +CDA , AC = 6 cm = ^AC 2 + CB2h + ^PC 2 + CQ2h

and AD = 3 cm, then find the length of AB .
Thus AQ2 + BP2 = AB2 + PQ2 Hence Proved

72. A ladder 25 m long just reaches the top of a building

24 m high from the ground. What is the distance of
the foot of ladder from the base of the building?


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]

Let AB be the building and CB be the ladder. As per

information given we have drawn figure below.

Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]

In TABC and TACD we have

+ACB = +CDA [given]
+CAB = +CAD [common]
By AA similarity criterion we get
TABC + TACD

Thus AB = BC = AC Here AB = 24 m
AC CD AD
CB = 25 m
Now AB = AC
AC AD and +CAB = 90c
By Pythagoras Theorem,
AC2 = AB # AD
 Triangles Chap 6

CB2 = AB2 + CA2 then prove that 12 = 12 + 12 .

p a b
or, CA2 = CB2 − AB2

Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

= 252 − 242
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
= 625 − 576 = 49

Thus CA = 7 m
Hence, the distance of the foot of ladder from the
building is 7 m.

73. Prove that area of the equilateral triangle described

on the side of a square is half of this area of the
equilateral triangle described on its diagonal.


Ans : [Board 2018, 2015]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below. Let a be the side of square.

In TACB and TCDB , +B is common and

+ABC = +CDB = 90º
Because of AA similarity we have
TABC ~TCDB

Now b = c
p a

1 = c
p ab

By Pythagoras theorem, 1 = c2
p2 a2 b2
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
1 = a2 + b2 (c2 = a2 + b2)
2 2 2
= a + a = 2a
p2 a2 b2
AC = 2a 1 = 1 + 1 Hence Proved
Area of equilateral triangle 3 BCE , p2 a2 b2
76. In TABC, DE | | BC. If AD = x + 2, DB = 3x + 16,
area (T BCE) = 3 a2
4 AE = x and EC = 3x + 5, them find x.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]
Area of equilateral triangle 3 ACF ,
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
area (3 ACF) = 3 ( 2 a) 2 = 3 a 2 below.
4 2

area (TACF)
Now, = 2
area (TBCE)

area (TACF) = 2area (TBEC)

area (TBEC) = 1 area (TACF) Hence Proved.

2
74.

75. TABC is right angled at C. If p is the length of the

perpendicular from C to AB and a, b, c are the lengths
of the sides opposite +A, +B and +C respectively,
Chap 6 Triangles Page 171

In the give figure AB2 + AC2 = 2 ^AD2 + BD2h (BD = DC )

= 2AD2 + 2 b 1 BC l ( BD = 12 BC )
2
DE || BC
2
By BPT we have
AD = AE = 2AD2 + 1 BC2
Hence Proves
2
DB EC

x + 2 = x
3x + 16 x3 + 5

^x + 2h^3x + 5h = x ^3x + 16h

3x2 + 5x + 6x + 10 = 3x2 + 16x
11x + 10 = 16x
78. From an airport, two aeroplanes start at the same
11x + 10 = 10 time. If speed of first aeroplane due North is 500 km/h
and that of other due East is 650 km/h then find the
5x = 10 & x = 2
distance between the two aeroplanes after 2 hours.
77. If in TABC, AD is median and AE = BC, then prove

Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

that AB2 + AC2 = 2AD2 + 1 BC2 . As per given condition we have drawn the figure
2


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015] below.

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below.

Distance covered by first aeroplane due North after

In TABE, using Pythagoras theorem we have two hours,
AB2 = AE2 + BE2 y = 500 # 2 = 1, 000 km.
= AD − DE + ^BD − DE h2
2 2 Distance covered by second aeroplane due East after
two hours,
= AD2 − DE2 + BD2 + DE2 − 2BD # DE

x = 650 # 2 = 1, 300 km.
= AD2 + BD2 − 2BD # DE ...(1)
Distance between two aeroplane after 2 hours
In TAEC, we have NE = ON2 + OE2
AC2 = AE2 + EC2 = ^1000h2 + ^1300h2

= (AD2 − ED2) + ^ED + DC h2
= 1000000 + 1690000

2 2 2 2
= AD − ED + ED + DC + 2ED # DC
= 2690000

2 2
= AD + CD + 2ED # CD
= 1640.12 km

2 2
= AD + DC + 2DC # DE ...(2)

79. In the given figure, ABC is a right angled triangle,
Adding equation (1) and (2) we have +B = 90º. D is the mid-point of BC. Show that
Page 172 Triangles Chap 6

AC2 = AD2 + 3CD2 .

In TABD, EO || AB
By BPT we have

AE = BO ...(2)
ED DO

From equation (1) and (2), we get

AE = AO
ED CO

In TADC, AE = AO
ED CO

EO || DC (Converse of BPT)


Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]
EO || AB (Construction)
We have BD = CD = BC AB || DC
2
Thus in quadrilateral ABCD we have
BC = 2BD
Using Pythagoras theorem in the right TABC, we AB AB CD
have
Thus ABCD is a trapezium. Hence Proved
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
81. In the given figure, P and Q are the points on the
= AB2 + (2BD)
sides AB and AC respectively of TABC, such that
= AB2 + 4BD2
AP = 3.5 cm, PB = 7 cm, AQ = 3 cm and QC = 6 cm.
If PQ = 4.5 cm, find BC.
= ^AB2 + BD2h + 3BD2

AC2 = AD2 + 3CD2

80. If the diagonals of a quadrilateral divide each other

proportionally, prove that it is a trapezium.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]

As per given condition we have drawn quadrilateral

ABCD, as shown below.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]

We have redrawn the given figure as below.

We have drawn EO || AB on DA.

In quadrilateral ABCD, we have

AO = CO
BO DO
We have AP = 3.5 = 1
AO = BO ...(1) AB 10.5 3
CO DO
Chap 6 Triangles Page 173

AQ +A = +D (Corresponding angles)
and = 3 = 1
AC 9 3
2+1 = 2+2
In TABC, AP = AQ and +A is common.
AB AC Also +B = +E (Corresponding angles)

AP = AB Hence Proved
Thus due to SAS we have DQ DE
TAPQ ~TABC
(2) Since TABC ~TDEF
AP = PQ
AB BC +A = +D

1 = 4.5 and +C = +F

3 BC
2+3 = 2+4
BC = 13.5 cm. +3 = +4
By AA similarity we have
TCAP ~TFDQ

83. In the given figure, DB = BC, DE = AB and

AC = BC. Prove that BE = AC .
DE BC
82. In given figure TABC~TDEF. AP bisects +CAB
and DQ bisects +FDE.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]

Prove that : As per given condition we have redrawn the figure

(1) AP = AB below.
DQ DE
(2) TCAP~TFDQ.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2016]

As per given condition we have redrawn the figure

below.

We have DB = BC, DE = AB and AC = BC.

In TABC, +C = 90º , thus
+1 + +2 = 90º
(1) Since TABC~TDEF
Page 174 Triangles Chap 6

But we have been given, ar ^TABC h 1

# BC # AM
=
ar ^TDBC h
2
Now, 1
+2 + +3 = 90º 2 # BC # DN

Hence +1 = +3 = AM = AO From equation (1)

DN DO
In TABC and TBDE,
+1 = +3
and +ACB = +DEB = 90º
Thus by AA similarity we have
TABC ~TBDE

Thus AC = BE . Hence Proved

BC DE

84. In the given figure, TABC and TABC and TDBC

are on the same base BC. AD and BC intersect at O.
ar ^TABC h
= AO .
ar ^TDBC h
Prove that
DO

85. In the given figure, two triangles ABC and DBC

lie on the same side of BC such that PQ || BA and
PR || BD. Prove that QR || AD.


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Std, 2016, 2011]

As per given condition we have redrawn the figure

below. Here we have drawn AM = BC and DN = BC.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]

In TAOM and TDON, In TABC, we have PQ || AB and PR || BD .

+AOM = +DON By BPT we have
(Vertically opposite angles) BP = AQ
...(1)
PC QC
+AMO = +DNO = 90º (Construction)
Again in TBCD, we have
or, TAOM ~TDON (By AA similarity)
AO = AM ...(1) PR || BD
Thus
DO DN By BPT we have
Chap 6 Triangles

BP = DR (by BPT) ...(2) rhombus is equal to sum of squares of its diagonals.

PC RC

Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]
AQ
= DR Let, ABCD is a rhombus and we know that diagonals
QC RC of a rhombus bisect each other at 90º.
By converse of BPT,
PR || AD Hence proved

86. The perpendicular AD on the base BC of a TABC

intersects BC at D so that DB = 3CD. Prove that
2 (AB) 2 = 2 (AC) 2 + BC2 .


Ans : [Board Term-1 2011, 2012, 2016]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below.

Now AO = OC & AO2 OC

BO = OD & BO2 OD
and +AOB = 90º
AB2 = OA2 + BO2 = x2 + y2
Similarly, AD2 = OA2 + OD2 = x2 + y2
Here DB = 3CD
CD2 = OC2 + OD2 = x2 + y2
BD = 3 BC CB2 = OC2 + OB2 = x2 + y2
4
AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + DA2 = 4x2 + 4y2
DC = 1 BC
4
= ^2x h2 + ^2y h2

In TADB, we have
AB2 + BC2 + CD2 + AD2 = AC2 + BD2
AB2 = AD2 + BD2 ...(1)
Hence Proved
In TADC, AC2 = AD2 + CD2 ...(2)
Subtracting equation (2) from (1), we get 88. In the given figure, BL and CM are medians of TABC,
right angled at A. Prove that 4 ^BL2 + CM2h = 5BC2 .
AB2 - AC2 = BD2 − CD2
Since DB = 3CD we get

AB2 - AC2 = b 3 BC l − b 1 BC l
2 2

4 4
2
= 9 BC2 − 1 BC2 = BC

16 16 2

2 ^AB2 - AC2h = BC2

2 ^AB h2 = 2AC2 + BC2 Hence Proved

87. Prove that the sum of squares on the sides of a

Ans : [Board T
Page 176 Triangles Chap 6

We have a right angled triangle TABC at A where Similarly, TAQE ~TACD

BL and CM are medians.
QE
or, = AE ...(2)
In TABL, BL2 = AB2 + AL2 CD AD
From equation (1) and (2) we have
= AB2 + b AC l (BL is median)
2

2
PE = QE
BD CD
In TACM, CM2 = AC2 + AM2
As CD = BD , we get
= AC2 + b AB l (CM is median)
2

2
PE = QE
2 2 BD BD
Now BL2 + CM2 = AB2 + AC2 + AC + AB
4 4
PE = QE
4 ^BL + CM h = 5AB + 5AC
2 2 2 2
Hence, AD bisects PQ .
= 5 ^AB + AC h
2 2

= 5BC2
Hence Proved

89. In a TABC, let P and Q be points on AB and

AC respectively such that PQ || BC. Prove that the
median AD bisects PQ.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2011]
90. In the given figure A, B and C are points on OP, OQ
and OR respectively such that AB || PQ and
As per given condition we have drawn the figure AC || PR. Prove that BC || QR.
below.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

The median AD intersects PQ at E.
In TPOQ, AB || PQ
We have, PQ || BE
By BPT AO = OB ...(1)
+ApE = +B and +AQE AP BQ
= +C
In TOPR, AC || PR,
(Corresponding angles)
By BPT OA = OC (2)
Thus in TAPE and TABD we have AP CR
+APE = +ABD From equations (1) and (2), we have
+PAE = +BAD (common) OB = OC
BQ CR
Thus TAPE ~TABD
By converse of BPT we have
PE = AE ...(1)
BD AD BC || QR Hence Proved
Chap 6 Triangles Page 177

91. In the given figure, DE || AC and DF || AE. Prove Due to vertically opposite angles,
that BE = BE . +BAC = +PAQ
FE EC
Due to AA similarity,
TABC ~TAQP

AB = BC = AC
AQ QP AP

6.5 = 8 = AC
AQ 4 AP

AQ = 6.5 = 3.25 cm
2

Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Std, 2012] AC = 2 # 2.5 = 5.6 cm

In TABC, DE || AC, (Given) 93. In the given figure, find the value of x in terms of a, b
and c.
By BPT BD = BE ...(1)
DA EC

In TABE, DF || AE, (Given)

By BPT BD = BF ...(2)
DA FE

From (1) and (2), we have

BF = BE .
FE EC
92. In the given figure, BC || PQ and BC = 8 cm,
PQ = 4  cm, BA = 6.5 cm AP = 2.8 cm Find CA and

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]
AQ. In triangles LMK and PNK, +K is common and
+M = +N = 50º
Due to AA similarity,
TLMK ~TPNK

LM = KM
PN KN

a = b + c
x c

x = ac
b+c

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

In TABC and TAPQ, AB = 6.5 cm, BC = 8 cm,

PQ = 4 cm and AP = 2.8 cm.
We have BC || PQ
Due to alternate angles
+CBA = +AQP
Page 178 Triangles Chap 6

94. In the given figure, if AD = BC, prove that 4 = 6 & CL = 3 cm

AB2 + CD2 = BD2 + AC2 . 2 CL

96. In the given figure, AB = AC. E is a point on CB

produced. If AD is perpendicular to BC and EF
perpendicular to AC , prove that TABD is similar
to TCEF.

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]

In right TADC,
AC2 = AD2 + CD2 ...(1)
In right TADB,

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

AB2 = AD2 + BD2 ...(2) In TABD and TCEF, we have

Subtracting equation (1) from (2) we have AB = AC
2 2 2 2
AB - AC = BD − CD Thus +ABC = +ACB
AB2 + CD2 = AC2 + BD2 . +ABD = +ECF
95. In the given figure, CD || LA and DE || AC. Find the +ADB = +EFC (each 90º)
length of CL, if BE = 4 cm and EC = 2 cm.
Due to AA similarity
TABD ~TECF Hence proved

FOUR MARKS QUESTION

97. In a rectangle ABCD , P is any interior point. Then

prove that PA2 + PC2 = PB2 + PD2 .


Ans : [Board 2020 OD Basic]

As per information given we have drawn figure below.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

In TABC, DE | | AC, BE = 4 cm and EC = 2 cm

By BPT BD = BE ...(1)
DA EC

In TABL, DC || AL

By BPT BD = BC ...(2)
DA CL
Here P is any point in the interior of rectangle ABCD.
From equations (1) and (2), We have drawn a line MN through point P and
BE = BC parallel to AB and CD .

EC CL We have to prove PA2 + PC2 = PB2 + PD2
Chap 6 Triangles Page 179

Since AB z MN , AM z BN and +A = 90c, thus +EAD = +CFE [each 90c]

ABNM is rectangle. MNCD is also a rectangle.
Due to corresponding angles we have
Here, PM = AD and PN = BC ,
AM = BN and MD = NC ...(1) +AED = +FCE
Now, in TAMP , 2 2
PA = AM + MP ...(2) 2
Thus by AA similarity criterion,
In TPMD , PD2 = MP2 + MD2 ...(3) TADE + TFEC
In TPNB , PB2 = PN2 + BN2 ...(4) Since TADE + TGBD and TADE + TFEC we
have
In TPNC , PC2 = PN2 + NC2 ...(5)
TGBD + TFEC
From equation (2) and (5) we obtain,
Thus GB = GD
PA2 + PC2 = AM2 + MP2 + PN2 + NC2 FE FC
Using equation (1) we have Since DEFG is square, we obtain,
PA2 + PC2 = BN2 + MP2 + PN2 + MD2 BG = FG
FG FC
= (BN2 + PN2) + (MP2 + MD2)

Therefore FG2 = BG # FC Hence Proved
Using equation (3) and (4) we have
99. In Figure DEFG is a square in a triangle ABC right
PA2 + PC2 = PB2 + PD2 angled at A. Prove that
(i) TAGF + TDBG (ii) TAGF + TEFC
98. In the given figure, DEFG is a square and
+BAC = 90c. Show that FG2 = BG # FC .

Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi, OD Basic]

Ans : [Board 2020 SQP Standard]
We have redrawn the given figure as shown below.
We have redrawn the given figure as shown below.

Here ABC is a triangle in which +BAC = 90c and

In TADE and TGBD , we have
DEFG is a square.
+DAE = +BGD [each 90c] (i) In TAGF and TDBG
Due to corresponding angles we have +GAF = +BDG (each 90c)

+ADE = +GDB Due to corresponding angles,

Thus by AA similarity criterion, +AGF = +GBD

TADE + TGBD Thus by AA similarity criterion,

Now, in TADE and TFEC ,
Page 180 Triangles Chap 6

TAGF + TDBG Hence Proved DE = 18

(ii) In TAGF and TEFC , EF = 3x + 9 = 3 # 5 + 9 = 24

+GAF = +CEF (each 90c) DE = 6x = 6 # 5 = 30 .
Due to corresponding angles,
+AFG = +FCE
Thus by AA similarity criterion,
TAGF + TEFC Hence Proved

100. In Figure, if TABC + TDEF and their sides of 101. In Figure , +ACB = 90c and CD = AB , prove that
lengths (in cm) are marked along them, then find the CD2 = BD # AD .
lengths of sides of each triangle.

Ans : [Board 2020 OD Standard]

Ans : [Board 2019 Delhi]
Since TABC + TDEF , we have
In TACB we have
AB = DE
BC EF +ACB = 90c

2x − 1 = 18 and CD = AB
2x + 2 3x + 9
Thus AB2 = CA2 + CB2 ...(1)
(2x − 1) (3x + 9) = 18 (2x + 2)
In TCAD , +ADC = 90c, thus we have
(2x − 1) (x + 3) = 6 (2x + 2)
CA2 = CD2 + AD2 ...(2)
2x2 − x + 6x − 3 = 12x + 12
and in TCDB , +CDB = 90c, thus we have
2x2 + 5x − 12x − 15 = 0
2
CB2 = CD2 + BD2 ...(3)
2x - 7x - 15 = 0
Adding equation (2) and (3), we get
2x2 − 10x + 3x − 15 = 0
CA2 + CB2 = 2CD2 + AD2 + BD2
2x (x − 5) + 3 (x − 5) = 0
Substituting AB2 from equation (1) we have
(x − 5) (2x + 3) = 0 & x = 5 or x = − 3
2 AB2 = 2CD2 + AD2 + BD2

But x = − 3 is not possible, thus x = 5 . AB2 - AD2 = BD2 + 2CD2

2
^AB + AD h^AB − AD h = BD2 + 2CD2
Now in TABC , we get
AB = 2x − 1 = 2 # 5 − 1 = 9 ^AB + AD h BD − BD2 = 2CD2

BC = 2x + 2 = 2 # 5 + 2 = 12 BD 6^AB + AD h − BD@ = 2CD2

AC = 3x = 3 # 5 = 15 BD 6AD + ^AB − BD h@ = 2CD2

and in TDEF , we get BD 6AD + AD@ = 2CD2
Chap 6 Triangles Page 181

BD # 2AD = 2CD2
CD2 = BD # AD Hence Proved

102. TPQR is right angled at Q . QX = PR, XY = RQ and

XZ = PQ are drawn. Prove that XZ2 = PZ # ZQ.

103. In TABC, the mid-points of sides BC, CA and AB

are D , E and F respectively. Find ratio of ar (TDEF)
to ar ^TABC.h


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

As per given condition we have given the figure below.

Here F, E and D are the mid-points of AB, AC and
BC respectively.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

We have redrawn the given figure as below.

Hence, FE || BC, DE || AB and DF || AC

It may be easily seen that RQ = PQ and XZ = PQ
or XZ || YQ .
Similarly XY || ZQ
Since +PQR = 90c, thus XYQZ is a rectangle.
In TXZQ, +1 + +2 = 90º ...(1)
By mid-point theorem,
If DE || BA then DE || BF
and if FE || BC then FE || BD
Therefore FEDB is a parallelogram in which DF is
diagonal and a diagonal of parallelogram divides it
into two equal Areas.
Hence ar ^TBDF h = ar ^TDEF h ...(1)
Similarly ar ^TCDE h = ar ^TDEF h ...(2)
^TAFE h = ar ^TDEF h ...(3)

and in TPZX, +3 + +4 = 90º ...(2)

^TDEF h = ar ^TDEF h ...(4)
Adding equation (1), (2), (3) and (4), we have
XQ = PR or, +2 + +3 = 90º ...(3)
ar ^TBDF h + ar ^TCDE h + ar ^TAFE h + ar ^TDEF h
From eq. (1) and (3), +1 = +3
= 4ar ^TDEF h

From eq. (2) and (3), +2 = +4
ar ^TABC h = 4ar ^TDEF h
Due to AA similarity,
ar ^TDEF h
TPZX ~TXZQ = 1
ar ^TABC h

4
PZ = XZ
XZ ZQ

XZ2 = PZ # ZQ Hence proved

Page 182 Triangles Chap 6

104. In the figure, +BED = +BDE and E is the mid- AG + GD = AF + CF

GD CF
point of BC . Prove that AF = AD .
CF BE
, AD = AF
GD CF

Thus AF = AD
CF BE
105. In the right triangle, B is a point on AC such
that AB + AD = BC + CD. If AB = x, BC = h and
CD = d, then find x (in term of h and d).


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

Ans :
We have redrawn the given figure as below. Here
CG || FD .

We have redrawn the given figure as below.

We have AB + AD = BC + CD
AD = BC + CD − AB
We have +BED = +BDE AD = h + d − x
Since E is mid-point of BC , In right TACD, we have

BE = BD = EC ...(1) AD2 = AC2 + DC2

^h + d − x h2 = ^x + h h2 + d
2
In TBCG , DE || FG

^h + d − x h2 − ^x + h h2 = d
2
From (1) we have

BD = BE = 1 ^h + d − x − x − h h^h + d − x + x + h h = d2
DG EC
^d − 2x h^2h + d h = d
2

BD = DG = EC = BE
2hd + d2 − 4hx − 2xd = d2
In TADF, CG || FD
2hd = 4hx + 2xd
AG = AC
= 2 ^2h + d h x
By BPT
GD CF
Chap 6 Triangles Page 183

or, x = hd
2h + d
106. In TABC, AD is a median and O is any point on AD.
BO and CO on producing meet AC and AB at E
and F respectively. Now AD is produced to X such
that OD = DX as shown in figure.
Prove that :
(1) EF || BC
(2) AO : AX = AF : AB 107. ABCD is a rhombus whose diagonal AC makes an
angle α with AB. If cos α = 23 and OB = 3 cm, find
the length of its diagonals AC and BD .

Ans : [Board Term-1 2013]

Ans : [Board Term-1 2015] We have cos α = 2 and OB = 3 cm

3
Since BC and OX bisect each other, BXCO is a
parallelogram. Therefore BE || XC and BX || CF . In TAOB, cos α = 2 = AO
3 AB
In TABX, by BPT we get,
AF = AO ..(1) Let OA = 2x then AB = 3x

FB OX
Now in right angled triangle TAOB we have
In TAXC, AE = AO ...(2)
EC OX AB2 = AO2 + OB2

From (1) and (2) we get

^3x h2 = ^2x h2 + ^3 h2

AF = AE 9x2 = 4x2 + 9

FB EC 5x2 = 9
By converse of BPT we have 9 = 3
x =
5 5
EF || BC
Hence, OA = 2x = 2 c 3 m = 6 cm
From (1) we get OX = FB 5 5
OA AF
OX + OA = FB + AF and AB = 3x = 3 c 3 m = 9 cm
5 5
OA AF
AX = AB Diagonal BD = 2 # OB = 2 # 3 = 6 cm

OA AF
and AC = 2AO
AO = AF

AX AB = 2 # 6 = 12 cm

5 5
Thus AO : AX = AF : AB Hence Proved
Page 184 Triangles Chap 6

108. In TABC, AD is the median to BC and in TPQR, PM

is the median to QR. If AB = BC = AD . Prove that By SAS similarity we have
PQ QR PM
TABC~TPQR .
+B = +Q,


Ans : [Board Term-1 2012, 2013]
Thus TABC ~TPQR. Hence Proved.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. 109. In TABC, if +ADE = +B, then prove that
TADE ~TABC.
Also, if AD = 7.6 cm, AE = 7.2 cm, BE = 4.2 cm and
BC = 8.4 cm, then find DE.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]

In TADE and TABC, +A is common.

and we have +ADE = +ABC
Due to AA similarity,
In TABC AD is the median, therefore TADE ~TABC
BC = 2BD AD = DE
AB BC
and in TPQR , PM is the median,
AD = DE
QR = 2QM AE + BE BC

Given, AB = AD = BC 7.6 = DE
PQ PM QR
4.2 + 4.2 8.4
AB = AD = 2BD
or,
PQ PM 2QM DE = 7.6 # 8.4 = 5.6 cm
11.4
In triangles ABD and PQM,
AB = AD = BD 110. In the following figure, TFEC , TGBD and

PQ PM QM +1 = +2 . Prove that TADE , TABC.
By SSS similarity we have
TABD ~TPQM
By CPST we have
+B = +Q,
In TABC and TPQR,

AB = BC
PQ QR
Chap 6 Triangles Page 185

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

Since TFEC , TGBD

EC = BD ...(1)
Since +1 = +2 , using isosceles triangle property
AE = AD ...(2)
From equation (1) and (2), we have

AE = AD
EC BD
Since D and E trisect BC , let BD = DE = EC be x .
DE || BC, (Converse of BPT)
Then BE = 2x and BC = 3x
Due to corresponding angles we have
In TABE , AE2 = AB2 + BE2 = AB2 + 4x2 ...(1)
+1 = +3 and +2 =
In TABC , AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = AB2 + 9x2 ...(2)
Thus in TADE and TABC,
In TADB , AD2 = AB2 + BD2 = AB2 + x2 ...(3)
+A = +A
Multiplying (2) by 3 and (3) by 5 and adding we have
+1 = +3
3AC2 + 5AD2 = 3 ^AB2 + 9x2h + ^AB2 + x2h
+2 = +4
= 3AB2 + 27x2 + 5AB2 + 5x2

Sy by AAA criterion of similarity,
= 8AB2 + 32x2

TADE~TABC
Hence proved
= 8 (AB2 + 4x2) = 8AE2

Thus 3AC2 + 5AD2 = 8AE2 Hence Proved

112. Let ABC be a triangle D and E be two points on side

AB such that AD = BE. If DP || BC and EQ || AC,
then prove that PQ || AB.
111. In the given figure, D and E trisect BC. Prove that

Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]
8AE2 = 3AC2 + 5AD2 .
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2013]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below. In TABC, DP || BC

By BPT we have AD = AP , ...(1)

DB PC

Similarly, in TABC , EQ || AC
Page 186 Triangles Chap 6

BQ Now, in TCEB and TCBA, +C is common and

= BE ...(2)
QC EA
+E = +B (each 90º)
From figure, EA = AD + DE
By AA similarity we have
= BE + ED ( BE = AD )

TAEB ~TCBA
= BD

CE = BC
Therefore equation (2) becomes, BC AC

BQ BC2 = CE # AC ...(2)
= AD ...(3)
QC BD
Adding equation (1) and (2) we have
From (1) and (3), we have
AB2 + BC2 = AE # AC + CE # AC
AP = BQ
PC QC = AC (AE + CE)

By converse of BPT, = AC # AC

PQ || AB Hence Proved Thus AB2 + BC2 = AC2 Hence proved
(2) As per given condition we have drawn the figure
113. Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the
below. Here ABCD is a rhombus.
hypotenuse is equal to sum of squares of other two
sides. [Board 2020 Delhi Basic, 2019 Delhi, 2018]


o
Prove that in a right triangle, the square of the
hypotenuse is equal to sum of squares of other two
sides. Using the above result, prove that, in rhombus
ABCD, 4AB2 = AC2 + BD2 .


Ans : [Board Term -2 SQP 2017, 2015]

(1) As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below. Here AB = BC .
We have drawn BE = AC
We have drawn diagonal AC and BD .

AO = OC = 1 AC
2

and BO = OD = 1 BD
2

AC = BD
Since diagonal of rhombus bisect each other at right
angle,
+AOB = 90º
AB2 = OA2 + OB2
In TAEB and TABC +A common and
= b AC l + b BD l
2 2

+E = +B (each 90º) 2 2
2 2
By AA similarity we have = AC + BD

4 4
TAEB ~TABC
or 4AB2 = AC2 + BD2 Hence proved
AE = AB
AB AC 114. Vertical angles of two isosceles triangles are equal. If
2
AB = AE # AC their areas are in the ratio 16 : 25, then find the ratio
Chap 6 Triangles Page 187

of their altitudes drawn from vertex to the opposite
side.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
115. In the figure, ABC is a right triangle, right angled at
B. AD and CE are two medians drawn from A and
C respectively. If AC = 5 cm and AD = 3 2 5 cm, find
the length of CE.

Ans : [Board Term-1 2013]

Here +A = +P +B = +C and +Q = +R We have redrawn the given figure as below.
Let +A = +P be x .
In TABC, +A + +B + +C = 180º
x + +B + +B = 180º (+B = +C )
2+B = 180º − x

+B = 180º − x ...(1)
2
Now, in TPQR ,
+P + +Q + +R = 180º (+Q = +R )
x2 + +Q + +Q = 180º
2+Q = 180º − x Here in TABC, +B = 90º , AD and CE are two
medians.
+Q = 180º − x
2 Also we have AC = 5 cm and AD = 3 5
.
2
In TABC and TPQR,
By Pythagoras theorem we get
+A = +P [Given]
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = ^5 h2 = 25 ...(1)
+B = +Q [From eq. (1) and (2)]
In TABD, AD2 = AB2 + BD2
Due to AA similarity,
2
c 2 m = AB + 4
3 5 2 BC2
TABC ~TPQR
ar ^TABC h 2
= AD2 45 = AB2 + BC2 ...(2)
ar ^TPQRh
Now
PE 4 4
16 = AD2 2

25 In TEBC, CE2 = BC2 + AB ..(3)
PE2 4

4 = AD Subtracting equation (2) from equation (1),

5 PE
3BC2 = 25 − 45 = 55
Thus AD = 4 4 4 4
PE 5
Page 188 Triangles Chap 6

BC2 = 55 ...(4)
3 Now in TADE,
From equation (2) we have area ^TADE h = 1 # AD # EM ...(4)
2
AB2 + 55 = 45 and in TDEB,
12 4
area ^TDEB h = 1 # EM # BD ...(5)
AB2 = 45 − 55 = 20 2
4 12 3
Dividing eqn. (4) by eqn. (5),
From equation (3) we get
area ^TADE h 1
# AD # EM
CE2 = 55 + 20 = 240 = 20 area ^TDEB h
= 2
1
3 3#4 12 2 # BD # EM
area ^TADE h
Thus CE = 20 = 2 5 cm. = AD ...(6)
area ^TDEB h
or,
BD
Since TDEB and TDEC lie on the same base DE
and between two parallel lines DE and BC.
area ^TDEB h = area ^TDEC h
From equation (3) we have
116. If a line drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to area ^TADE h
= AE ...(7)
area ^TDEB h
intersect the other two sides in distinct points, the
CE
other two sides are divided in the same ratio. Prove it.


Ans : [Board 2019 OD, SQP 2020 STD, 2012] From equations (6) and (7) we get

A triangle ABC is given in which DE || BC. We have AE = AD . Hence proved.

drawn DN = AE and EM = AD as shown below. CE BD
We have joined BE and CD. 117. In a trapezium ABCD, AB || DC and DC = 2AB.
EF = AB, where E and F lies on BC and AD
BE
respectively such that EC = 43 diagonal DB intersects
EF at G. Prove that, 7EF = 11AB.


Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure

below.

In TADE,

area ^TADE h = 1 # AE # DN ...(1)

2
In TDEC,

area ^TDCE h = 1 # CE # DN ...(2) In trapezium ABCD,

2
AB || DC and DC = 2AB.
Dividing equation (1) by (2) we have,
BE = 4
area ^TADE h 1
# AE # DN
Also,
EC 3
=
area ^TDEC h
2
1
2 # CE # DN
Thus EF || AB || CD
area ^TADE h
= AE ...(3)
area ^TDEC h
or,
CE
Chap 6 Triangles Page 189

AF = BE = 4 are their medians,

FD EC 3
such that AB = AD = AC
In TBGE and TBDC, +B is common and due to PQ PM PR
corresponding angles, We have produce AD to E such that AD = DE and
+BEG = +BCD produce PM to N such that PM = MN. We join CE
and RN. As per given condition we have drawn the
Due to AA similarity we get figure below.
TBGE ~TBDC

, EG = BE ...(1)
CD BC

As, BE = 4
EC 3

BE = 4 = 4
BE + EC 4+3 7

BE = 4 ...(2)
BC 7

From (1) and (2) we have

EG = 4
CD 7

, EG = 4 CD ...(3) In TABD and TEDC,

7
AD = DE (By construction)
Similarly, TDGF ~TDBA
+ADB = +EDC (VOA)
DF = FG
DA AB BD = DC (AD is a median)

FG = 3 By SAS congruency

AB 7
TABD , TEDC
FG = 3 AB ...(4) AB = CE (By CPCT)
7
Similarly, PQ = RN and +A = +2
:AD = 7 = BC & BC = 7 = DA D
AF 4 BE EC 3 DE

AB = AD = AC (Given)
PQ PM PR
Adding equation (3) and (4) we have
CE = 2AD = AC
EG + FG = 4 DC + 3 AB ,
RN 2PM PR
7 7
CE = AE = AC
EF = 4 # ^2AB h + 3 AB
RN PN PR
7 7
By SSS similarity, we have
= 8 AB + 3 AB = 11 AB

7 7 7
TAEC ~TPNR
7EF = 11AB Hence proved.
+3 = +4
118. Sides AB and AC and median AD of a triangle ABC +1 = +2
are respectively proportional to sides PQ and PR
and median PM of another triangle PQR. Show that +1 + +3 = +2 + +4
TABC~TPQR.
By SAS similarity, we have


Ans : [Board Term-1 2012]
TABC ~TPQR Hence Proved
It is given that in TABC and TPQR, AD and PM
Page 190 Triangles Chap 6

119. In TABC, AD = BC and point D lies on BC such divide these sides in the ratio 2 : 1.
that 2DB = 3CD. Prove that 5AB2 = 5AC2 + BC2 .
Prove that : 9AQ2 = 9AC2 + 4BC2


Ans : [Board Term-1 2015]
9BP2 = 9BC2 + 4AC2
It is given in a triangle TABC, AD = BC and point
D lies on BC such that 2DB = 3CD. 9 ^AQ2 + BP2h = 13AB2
As per given condition we have drawn the figure

Ans :
below.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.

Since 2DB = 3CD

DB = 3
CD 2 Since P divides AC in the ratio 2 : 1
Let DB be 3x, then CD will be 2x so BC = 5x . CP = 2 AC
3
Since +D = 90º in TADB, we have
and Q divides CB in the ratio 2 : 1
AB2 = AD2 + DB2 = AD2 + ^3x h2
QC = 2 BC
2 2 3
= AD + 9x

5AB2 = 5AD2 + 45x2 AQ2 = QC2 + AC2

5AD2 = 5AB2 − 45x2 ...(1) = 4 BC2 + AC2

9
and AC2 = AD2 + CD2 = AD2 + ^2x h2
or, 9AQ2 = 4BC2 + 9AC2 ...(1)
2 2
= AD + 4x

Similarly, we get
5AC2 = 5AD2 + 20x2
9BP2 = 9BC2 + 4AC2 ...(2)
5AD2 = 5AC2 − 20x2 ...(2)
Adding equation (1) and (2), we get
Comparing equation (1) and (2) we have
9 ^AQ2 + BP2h = 13AB2
2 2 2 2
5AB - 45x = 5AC − 20x
5AB2 = 5AC2 − 20x2 + 45x2
= 5AC2 + 25x2

= 5AC2 + ^5x h2

= 5AC2 + BC2 [ BC = 5x ]

Therefore 5AB2 = 5AC2 + BC2 Hence proved 121. Find the length of the second diagonal of a rhombus,
whose side is 5 cm and one of the diagonals is 6 cm.
120. In a right triangle ABC, right angled at C. P and Q

Ans :
are points of the sides CA and CB respectively, which
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
Chap 6 Triangles Page 191

below.
2 ^AB2 + AC2h = 4AD2 + BC2 ...(1)
Similarly by taking BE and CF as medians,
2 ^AB2 + BC2h = 4BE2 + AC2 ...(2)
and 2 ^AC2 + BC2h = 4CF2 + AB2 ...(3)
Adding, (1), (2) and (iii), we get
3 ^AB2 + BC2 + AC2h = 4 ^AD2 + BE2 + CF2h
Hence proved

123. ABC is an isosceles triangle in which AB = AC =

10 cm BC = 12 cm PQRS is a rectangle inside the
isosceles triangle. Given PQ = SR = y, PS = PR = 2x
3y
. Prove that x = 6 − .
4
We have AB = BC = CD = AD = 5 cm and AC = 6 cm

Ans :
Since AO = OC , AO = 3 cm As per given condition we have drawn the figure
Here TAOB is right angled triangle as diagonals of below.
rhombus intersect at right angle.
By Pythagoras theorem,
OB = 4 cm.
Since DO = OB, BD = 8 cm, length of the other
diagonal = 2 (BO) where BO = 4 cm
Hence BD = 2 # BO = 2 # 4 = 8 cm

122. Prove that three times the sum of the squares of the
sides of a triangle is equal to four times the sum of the
squares of the medians of the triangle.


Ans :
Here we have drawn AL = BC.
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below. Since it is isosceles triangle, AL is median of BC ,
BL = LC = 6 cm.
In right TALB, by Pythagoras theorem,
AL2 = AB2 − BL2
= 102 − 62 = 64 = 82

Thus AL = 8 cm.
In TBPQ and TBLA, angle +B is common and
+BPQ = +BLA = 90º
Thus by AA similarity we get
In triangle sum of squares of any two sides is equal TBPQ ~+BLA
to twice the square of half of the third side, together
PB = BL
with twice the square of median bisecting it.
PQ AL
If AD is the median,
6 - x = 6
AB2 + AC2 = 2 &AD2 + BC 0
2
y 8
4
Page 192 Triangles Chap 6

3y
x = 6 − Hence proved.
4

124. If TABC is an obtuse angled triangle, obtuse angled

at B and if AD = CB. Prove that : Let QR = b , then we have
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD
A = ar ^TPQRh


Ans : [Board 2020 Delhi Basic]

As per given condition we have drawn the figure = 1 # b # PQ

2
below.
PQ = 2 $ A ...(1)
b

Due to AA similarity we have

TPNQ ~TPQR
PQ NQ
= ...(2)
PR QR

From TPQR
In TADB, by Pythagoras theorem
PQ2 + QR2 = PR2
2 2 2
AB = AD + BD ...(1)
4A2 + b2 = PR2
In TADC, By Pythagoras theorem, b2
PR = 4A2 + b 4
AC2 = AD2 + CD2
b2
= AD2 + ^BC + BD h2

Equation (2) becomes
= AD2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD + BD2

2A = NQ
= ^AD2 + BD2h + 2BC # BD
b # PR b

Substituting ^AD2 + BD2h = AB2 we have NQ = 2A

PR
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 + 2BC # BD
Altitude, NQ = 2Ab Hence Proved.
125. If A be the area of a right triangle and b be one of the 4A2 + b 4
sides containing the right angle, prove that the length
2Ab 126. In given figure +1 = +2 and TNSQ ~TMTR, then
of the altitude on the hypotenuse is . prove that TPTS ~TPRO.
b + 4A 2
4


Ans :
As per given condition we have drawn the figure
below.
Chap 6 Triangles Page 193

Ans : [Board Term-1 SQP 2017]

9AD2 = 7AB2 Hence Proved

We have TNSQ , TMTR
By CPCT we have
+SQN = +TRM
From angle sum property we get
+P + +1 + +2 = +P + +PQR + +PRQ
+1 + +2 = +PQR + +PRQ
Since +1 = +2 and +PQR = +PRQ we get
2+1 = 2+PQR
+1 = +PQR
Also +2 = +QPR (common)
Thus by AAA similarity,
TPTS ~TPRQ

127. In an equilateral triangle ABC, D is a point on the side

BC such the BD = 13 BC. Prove that 9AD2 = 7AB2 .


Ans : [Board 2018, SQP 2017]

As per given condition we have shown the figure

below. Here we have drawn AP = BC .

Here AB = BC = CA and BD = 1 BC.

3
In TADP,
AD2 = AP2 + DP2
= AP2 + ^BP − BD h2

= AP2 + BP2 + BD2 + 2BP $ BD

From TAPB using AP2 + BP2 = AB2 we have

AD2 = AB2 + b 1 BC l − 2 b BC lb BC l
2

3 2 3
2 2
= AB2 + AB − AB = 7 AB2

9 3 9