(An Autonomous Institution affiliatcd to VTU, Belagavi, Approved by AlCTE, Ncw Delhi)

Even Semester Bachelor of Engineering Examinations August 2021

Fuzzy Logic and Engineering Applications Max. Marks: 1000

Time: 3 Hours
questions from Q. No. 1 to Q. No. 10.
Note Answer any five full

sets. Give example in each. 5

1 a) Write four diflerences between crisp sets and fuzzy an

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b) Explain briefly the various fuzzy set operations.

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activities. It has become
c)Methane biofilters can be used to oxidize methane using biological
methane outflow levcl at
necessary to compare performance of two test columns, A and B. The
detected and is tabulated below
the surface in non-dimensional unit of X =
{50, 100, 150, 200} was

test column. The following fuzzy sets represent

against the respective methane inflow into cach
the test columns:
(0.2 0.3 0.6 0.65)
.25 0.5 0.7)
A
A- 504O.25
100 150 200 B=50 100 150 200
Find the following: i) AUB i) AnB ii) A/B iv) B/A
v) AUB vi) AnB vii) AnB vii) A UB

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2 a) Discuss statistics and random process. 5

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b) Develop a membership function for height depicting short, medium height and tall and represent

them by means of graph. 6

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c) You are asked to select an implementationClock frequency, MHz | MSI

FPGA MCM
technology for a numerical processor. 1.0 0.3 0.0
Computation throughput is directly related to
10 0.7 1.0 0.0
clock speed. Assume that all implementation
20 0.4 1.0 0.5
will be in the same family (e.g. CMOS). You
40 0.0 0.50.7
are considering whether the design should be
80 0.0 0.2 1.0
implemented using medium scale integration
(MSI) with discrete parts, field-programmable
100 0.0 0.0 1.0
Table 2c
array part (FPGA) or multichip modules
(MCM). Define the unverse of potential clock frequencies as X= {1, 10. 20, 40, 80, 100} MHz
and deline MSI, FPGA and MCM as fuzzy sets of clock frequencies that should be
implemented
in each of these technologies, as given in the Table 2c, define their menbership values:

Representing the three sets as: MS| = M, FPGA = F and MCM = C

Find the following: i) M UF it)MnF iil) M,F,C iv) M/F. F/C

v) M nF vi) C nF vii) M UF vii) M nC
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-1-
Please Turn Oyer
 Consider the .
folld
1.0
b)
x= 910 1112
Y= 0.9
+ 0. and
and
7

0.5 1.0 0.9, 0.4, 0.0)

Z=8*1011 12)
P YxZ
i) R XxY and
=
=
Compute:
min composition
ii) S = Po R by m a x -
10
Po R by max product composition
-

iii) S =

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on internal
find the membership function
for triangular shapes based
c)Using inference approach,
angles (A >B> C).
Equilateral.
R: Right angled and E
:
I:Isosceles,
6
Given i) 85°, 50°, 45° ii) 120°, 50°, 10°
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tolerance relation.
4 a) Describe about the fuzzy equivalence and
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between the level ofuse of a network

b) In the computer networking there is an imprecise relationship
communications. Let X be
communication bandwidth and the latency experienced in peer-to-peer

of use levels (in terms of the percentage of full bandwidth used) and Y be a fuzzy set
a fuzzy set

of latencies (in milliseconds) with the following membership functions:

0.2 0.5 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.1
= 204060 80 100)
(0.3 0.6, 0.9 1.0 0.6 0.3)
Y= 15t8 20
X xY.
productrepresented by the relation R
=

i) Find the cartesian

Now, suppose we have a fuzzy set of bandwidth usage given by

second
(0.3 0.6,0.7 0.9, 1.0 0.5)
Z10 20 40 60 80' 100)
min composition
i) FindS =Zo R, by using max
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iii) Find S = Zo R, by using max product composition

10
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C'ontd.
 tlie bridges from three citics {Ci. C2. Ci}.The quality
govemnient ageney has performed
tests on
c) Each
evaluated being one of three conditions Q =
{poor, fair, good.
of the bridges has been as
sumnmarizes
three conditions in their community. The Table 4c
Cily has variable percentage of the
the results of the inspections for the three cilies.
bridge
CITY
C C2 C3
0.05 0.10 0.40
Qi =Poor
QFair 0.240.25 0.25 0.20
0.38 0.60 0.60
LQ3=Good
Table 4c
method.
Find the similarity relation R among three
cities using cosine amplitude 6
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of membership function with suitable

sketches. 4
characteristic features
5 a) Explain the PO:1
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b) Two fuzzy sets A and B are:

o.1 0.7 0.8100.7.0.1) = ++ + +

Express the following A-cut sets using Zadeh's notalíon:
) (AUB 0.6 i)(AnB .6
i)(AuA~0.6
iv) (BnB0.6 vAUB vi) (AnB 0.6
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In metallurgy related fuzzy inference

c) a

system, two consequent fuzzy

membership function C and C2 were

evolved. Make a logical union of them

and apply seven methods of

defuzzification, calculate the defuzzified

value Z. Refer Fig. Sc. 45 6

Fig. Sc 10
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6 a) Describe centroid method and weighted average method of defuzzification. Which is the most
accurate among these two?
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b) Deline 2-cuts for fuzzy relations. Given the fuzzy relation R. find Rg:, Ro.3 and Ro7

1 0.8 0 0.1 0.2

[0.2 0.7 0.4
|0.8 1 0.4 0 0.9
1 0.9 0.5 0.1
R=| 0 0.4 1 0 R
0 0.8 1 0.6
0.2 C 0 1 0.5
l0.2 0.5 1 03
lo.2 0.9 0 0.5 1
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Pleuse Turn Orer

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3 )In relation o bidding contract,

committee developed a fuzzy system.
consequent |
This system has two
functions C and C2. For each ofthe seven
C
defuzzification melhods assess whether
cach is applicable and if so, calculate the
defuzzified value Z". Refer Fig. 6c.
Fig, 6c 10
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7a) Develop Zadeh's cxtension principle. What is the practical significance ofsame?
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b) Given two fuzzy sets:

(0.8 1 0.7 0.6 1 0.8

and
Find: i) Apprimately 6 x 2
2 T23)
i)Apprimately 62
ii) Apprimately 6 + 2 iv)Apprimately 6-2
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c) You are given the fuzzy sets A and B on the real line as followws:

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A 0.0 0.10.6 0.80.9 0.7 0.10.0

B 0.0 1.0 0.7 0.5 0.2 0.10.0 0.0
Find:
C= f(A. B i) Z 3x -2 ii) Z- 4x+3 ii) Z=x* +y
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d) What is the significance of interval analysis? Perform the interval arithmetic

i) 2,3]+[7,4] i) -3,-5)- [2,3] ii) [1, 3] x [2, 4] iv) [4,6] [1.2]
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8 a) Explain any one approximate methods of extension using an example.

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b) A fuzzy variable x is shown in the Fig. 8b. The

ransform function is y x(2-x) =2x x2 = -

Develop and plot fuzzy membership function for the

output variable y using:
i) Vertex method ii) DSW method 0.')

O95 1.

Fig. Sb
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C
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c)Suppose we have a universe of integers Y =
{1, 2, 3,4,5. We deline the following linguistic terms

related to size of an object onto

0.4 0.6

"Snall" + Large" -

3
Find: i) Very small ii) Not very small
11) Not very small and not very very sImall iv) Intensely small 8
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9 a) Brief on: i) Cluster validity ii) C-mcans clustering 4

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b) Classify the five data points that could be formed into a fuzzy equivalent relation R by

composition. Given
X2 X3 X4
0.8 0.4 0.5 0.8
x20.8 1 0.4 0.5 0.9
Rx3 0.4 0.4 1 0.4 0.4
X4 0.5 0.5 0.4 1 0.5
xs Lo.8 0.9 0.4 0.5 1

-Cut levels could be 1.0, 0.9, 0.8, 0.5 and 0.4, show classification diagram.
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c)Write fuzzy C-means algorithm.

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10 a) Elaborate on how classification could be done using equivalent relations. 4

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b) What is clustering? When does "fuzziness" appear during clustering? Given an example.
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c)Briefon: i) Cluster validity ii) Hard C-means clustering

iii) Classification matrix iv) Hardening the fuzzy C-partition 12
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