inteGIRLS Middle School Individual Solutions

The inteGIRLS Problem Writing Team

April 2021

1. The volume of a pan is calculated by the base area × height. Let a be the height of
Ally’s pan and x be the height of Xander’s pan. Using the information provided, we
find (122 )a = 4 × (92 )x. Simplifying this equation: 144a = 4 × 81x → xa = 4×81
144
324
= 144 ,
9
which can be reduced to 4 . Solving the question, m = 9 and n = 4. Therefore,
m + n = 13
Proposed by Grace Li

2. Let the side length of the larger square be x and that of the smaller square be y. Then
x2 − y 2 = 399 and 4x − 4y = 12 ⇒ x − y = 3. We can factor: x2 − y 2 = (x − y)(x + y) =
3(x + y) = 399 ⇒ x + y = 133. Since we want to find y, we can subtract the two
equations x + y = 133 and x − y = 3 to get 2y = 130, or y = 65
Proposed by Sophie Wu

3. We extend CB to the left until it meets AE at point X, as shown.

We can calculate that ∠CXE = ∠BXA = 90◦ . Hence we get that quadrilateral
XCDE is a rectangle. Thus, EX = CD and CX = DE = 30. CX = 30, so BX =
CX = BC = 30 − 18 = 12.

A
13
B 18
X C

E D
30

4BXA is a right triangle, so by the Pythagorean Theorem, we get that AX =

√
132 − 122 = 5. The area of 4BXA is 12 × 12 × 5 = 30.

Since the perimeter of ABCDE is 82 and CD = EX, we have 13 + 18 + CD + 30 +

(EX + 5) = 82 =⇒ 2 × CD = 82 − 13 − 18 − 30 − 5 = 16 and so CD = 8. The area

1
 of rectangle XCDE is 8 × 30 = 240.

Therefore, the area of pentagon ABCDE is 30 + 240 = 270

Proposed by Ananya Kulshrestha

4. 132660 = 22 · 32 · 5 · 11 · 67, so the number 132660 has 5 distinct prime divisors.

Proposed by Joy An

5. 35 + 5 = 248 So, the minimum perfect square is 162 .

220 + 211 < (210 )2 + 2(210 ) + 1 = (210 + 1)2 = 10242
The maximum perfect square is 10232 . Therefore, the number of perfect squares is
1024 − 16 + 1 = 1009
Proposed by Feilin Liangga Putri

6. We can find the area of ADE by finding the length of the base AD and the height from
E to base AD. We know AD = 2 because it is the side of the square. Since CDE,
vertex E is equidistant from both side AD and BC. Hence the height from E to AD,
must be 1. Hence 2∗12
= 1
Proposed by Ramya Iyer

7. Let n = number of nickels, d = number of dimes, and q = number of quarters

n + d + q = 18, 5n + 10d + 25q = 205, n = q + 1
2q + d + 1 = 18 → d = 17 − 2q
5(q + 1) + 10(17 − 2q) + 25q = 205 → 10q + 175 = 205 → q = 3
d = 17 − 2q = 11
11 dimes
Proposed by Maggie Lin

8. Let’s write Sophie’s two rolls as an ordered pair. For example, (3, 4) means Sophie
rolls a 3 first, then a 4.

There are 10 different ways Sophie can roll a difference of 1:

(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)(2, 1), (3, 2), (4, 3), (5, 4), (6, 5)

(Note that this is 5 times 2, as 5 is the largest number we can use in the first setup,
and the second is simply the first flipped.)
Similarly, there are 8 different ways Sophie can roll a difference of 2:

(1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5), (4, 6), (3, 1), (4, 2), (5, 3), (6, 4)

And 6 ways she can roll a difference of 3:

(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6), (4, 1), (5, 2), (6, 3)

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 There are also 6 ways she can roll a difference of 0, as both numbers must be equal
and there are 6 possibilities.

Then, there are 6 · 6 = 36 − (6 + 10 + 8 + 6) = 6 ways she can roll a difference of 4 or

greater.

We can now split Sophie’s rolls into cases:

If Sophie rolls a difference of 4 or greater, her number will be always be greater than or
equal to Joy’s number. Since Sophie has 36 possibilities, this occurs with probability
6
36
= 16 , as there are 6 ways she can roll a difference of 4 or greater.
If Sophie rolls a difference of 3, it will be greater than or equal to Joy’s number 3/4 of
the time. Thus, the probability in this case is the probability Sophie rolls a difference
6
of 3 times 3/4: 36 · 34 = 81
If she rolls a difference of 2, it will be greater than or equal to Joy’s number 1/2 of the
8
time. Thus, the probability in this case (constructed similarly to above) is 36 · 21 = 91
Finally, if she rolls a difference of 1, it will be greater than or equal to Joy’s number
with probability 1/4. Thus, the probability in this case is 10 · 1 = 72
36 4
5

Thus, the total probability is

1 1 1 5 17
+ + + = .
6 8 9 72 36

So the answer is 17 + 36 = 53
Proposed by Catherine Cossaboom

9. If 429 students like science and 382 students like both math science, that means that
429 − 382 = 47 students like science but not math. That means that out of the 233
students that don’t like math, there are 233 − 47 = 186 students that don’t like math
or science (sad).
Proposed by Maggie Lin

10. First, fill out the frequency table

No cat Cat Total

No Dog 44% 12% 56%
Dog 26% 18% 44%
Total 70% 30% 100%

Say there are 100 households total. Then 30 households have a cat and will post 60
photos. In addition, the 44 dog households will post 44 photos. Only 26 photos are from
26
a household not containing a cat. Therefore the answer is = 25% =⇒ 25
60 + 44
Proposed by Ananya Kulshrestha

3
11. Let Alexa’s age be A and Charlie’s age be C. From the problem, we can establish
that A − 5 = 5(C − 5) and A + 3 = 3(C + 3). Simplifying both equations, we
get A = 5C − 20 and A = 3C + 6 respectively. Substituting one equation into the
other, we get 5C − 20 = 3C + 6. Solving this equation, we find that 2C = 26 ⇒
C = 13. Substituting C back into either equation: A = 5(13) − 20 = 65 − 20 = 45 or
A = 3(13) + 6 = 39 + 6 = 45. Therefore, A + C = 45 + 13 = 58
Proposed by Grace Li
2 2
12. a∆b − b∆a = (a−b)
ab
− (b−a)
ba
= (a2 − 2ab + b2 ) − (b2 − 2ab + a2 ) = 0
Proposed by Maggie Lin

13. Let x be the cost of a single apple and b the cost of a pear. Then we have:

4x + 9y = 11.35

11x + 6y = 18.65
Rather than solve for x and y individually, let’s try to do some algebraic manipulation
to quickly find 2x + 2y. We notice that the differences of the coefficients for x and y
in the two equations differ by the same amount, 5, only reversed, which gives us the
idea to some the two equations:

15x + 15y = 30 ⇒ x + y = 2 ⇒ 2x + 2y = 4

Proposed by Sophie Wu

14. Let the original price of the dress be x. Raising this by 25% makes the new price
(1 + 14 )x = 5x
4
. The coupon gives you a 25% discount, so you only have to pay 75% or
3
4
of this new price, which is 43 ( 5x
4
) = 15x
16
. So after all price changes have been taken
15x x
into account, you save x − 16 = 16 , which we are told is equal to $3.50.
x
= 3.50 ⇒= $56
16

Proposed by Sophie Wu

15. We test out a few small values, making use of the “remainder of 2 when divided by
13” condition to test the numbers 2, 15, 28, etc. The smallest number that gives a
remainder of 0 when divided by 3 and a remainder of 2 when divided by 13 is 15. The
next smallest is 15 + 3 · 13 = 54, which is larger than 50, so Sophie bought 15 apples.
Proposed by Joy An

16. The divisibility rule for 3 states that if a number is divisible by 3, then all digits must
sum to a multiple of 3.

4
1 + 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 = 26 = 2(mod3)
Therefore, A must be 1(mod3), so it can be 1, 4, or 7. The sum of all possible values
of A is 1 + 4 + 7 = 12
Proposed by Maggie Lin