Introduction to Science, technology and Society

Luneta, Ralph Noah A.

BSIT1 A-5

1. Compare and contrast modern science and philosophy of science.

Modern science started way back in the time of Aristotle and Hippocrates. This idea underwent a sea change thanks to the famous
scientist Isaac Newton. The process of conducting an investigation into a phenomenon or a specific facet of the cosmos constitutes
modern science. After that, contemporary scientific practice involves conducting research in order to provide an answer to the
question and categorize the issue. The modern scientific method involves the use of scientific methods to provide answers to
questions before moving on to pose new questions. Philosophy of Science, on the other hand, seeks to answer the question "what
exactly is science?" The scope of what constitutes the study of philosophy of science encompasses all scientific assumptions,
principles, procedures, results, and applications.

2. What is the scientific method? Enumerate the steps in the scientific method.

Natural science's hallmark since the 17th century, it involves systematic observation, measurement, experimentation, and
hypothesizing, testing, and revising. The scientific method, an empirical approach to information acquisition, has guided science
since the 17th century (and before). Because cognitive presumptions can distort observation, careful observation and extreme
skepticism are needed. It involves developing hypotheses through induction based on observations, verifying their deductions
statistically and experimentally, and revising (or rejecting) hypotheses based on the experimental results. Instead of a
predetermined set of steps, these are the scientific process' guiding principles. Making hypotheses is part of science (hypothetical
explanations). Predictions are logical conclusions from hypotheses, and experiments or empirical observations are based on them.
Hypothesis is an educated guess based on information gathered during the search. The hypothesis can be narrow or wide. Scientists
test hypotheses through experiments and studies. A scientific hypothesis must be falsifiable to be meaningfully tested, which means
it must be possible to identify an experiment or observation that contradicts its inferences. Anywhere from a garage to a hill to
CERN's Large Hadron Collider can be used for experiments. Their goal is to see if observations confirm or refute a hypothesis. A
formulaic explanation of procedure is bad. The scientific method isn't a series of steps, but a collection of principles. Not all steps (or
steps to the same extent) or steps in the same order occur in scientific investigations.

3. What are the limitations of science

There is a significant amount of room for development in the field of science. To begin, the interpretation of the data is constrained
by the capabilities of human beings; therefore, it is possible that the conclusion will be incorrect if a person makes a mistake while
doing so. The second form of dishonesty that can be found in the scientific community is known as the fabrication of results. The
next barrier that science must overcome is the bounds that are placed on human knowledge. To draw a conclusion, there is room for
prejudice in the field of scientific research.

4. What do you think is the role of science and technology in our society today?

Science and technology are of utmost importance to contemporary society. Without available technology, we will be unable to
function. Without science and technology, it would be impossible to educate people, construct necessary infrastructure, provide
adequate medical care, develop effective medications, and ensure the safety of food and drink. Science and technology have been
developed to make our lives more convenient and comfortable, despite the fact that we are able to carry out our daily tasks using
traditional methods. It allows us to save both time and energy, such as with our transportation systems and vehicles. It allows us to
travel from one location to another in a matter of minutes. In conclusion, science and technology aid in saving human lives.