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Subhalaxmi Mohapatra is India is a volatile market and all it takes are a couple of good products to change the game
a Research Associate completely. New age compact SUVs, such as the Duster and the EcoSport, will easily eat into
and Subhadip Roy is an the market share of current sedans as well as create new buyers for a segment that never
Assistant Professor and existed. These, of course, will be given company by more offerings next year, thus making this
both are based at the a very important segment in the Indian car industry (Choudhury, 2013a).
Indian Institute of
Management, Udaipur, Umang Kumar
India. Founder and CEO of Gaadi.com
New entries will add to the volumes. I see the new launches working towards increasing the pie
rather than eating the market shares (Chaudhari, 2013).
Sumit Sawhney
Executive Director, Marketing and Sales, Renault India
Introduction
In August 2013, the Ford EcoSport, a compact sports utility vehicle (SUV), became the
biggest-selling compact SUV in the market only two months after its launch. The other car
companies were immediately trying to tap this newly formed segment of compact SUVs,
either through new launches (Chevrolet Enjoy) or proposed launches (Nissan Terrano).
However, this was not good news for the Renault Duster, the brand credited with creating
the segment in 2012 and dominating it during the first half of 2013. The Duster offered a
compact SUV at a price comparable to a sedan and was equipped with design features
such as modern frame, smart technology, quality interiors and had a high fuel efficiency.
Facilitated by an apt marketing strategy, the Duster was able to reach sales of over 6,300
units in March 2013 (refer to Exhibit 1 for sales figures of the Duster), much higher
compared to Mahindra Scorpio’s 4,700 units (Chaudhari, 2013b). Indeed an achievement,
as for nearly all of the previous decade, the Mahindra Scorpio had been at the top of the
table of SUV cars in India. The Duster had managed to snatch the supremacy in less than
a year after its launch in July 2012.
However, the Duster faced hurdles for future growth in 2013, as it had experienced a
Disclaimer. This case is written steady decline in sales since May 2013. Industry experts believed the dip would continue
solely for educational
purposes and is not intended
in the future owing to the several new competitive models, such as Ford EcoSport and
to represent successful or Chevrolet Enjoy, in the emerging compact SUV segment. The second drawback of the
unsuccessful managerial
decision making. The author/s
Duster was its smaller size which accommodated only five passengers as opposed to
may have disguised names; seven or eight which some competitors in the same category could offer. Third, the Duster
financial and other
recognizable information to
could face a hurdle owing to a rise in excise duty on petrol variants of the SUVs in the 2013
protect confidentiality. union budget. This was a major issue for Renault India. The company had seen a big
DOI 10.1108/EEMCS-04-2014-0080 VOL. 5 NO. 2 2015, pp. 1-18, © Emerald Group Publishing Limited, ISSN 2045-0621 EMERALD EMERGING MARKETS CASE STUDIES PAGE 1
increase in sales driven by the Duster. The other models of Renault were not selling at a rate
even close to the Duster. Thus, a decrease in demand of the Duster would imply a huge
decrease in sales for the group as a whole in India. The Renault management needed to
develop a long-term growth strategy quickly to secure its position in India.
Background of Renault
Renault was established in 1899 as a French multinational vehicle manufacturer producing
a range of cars and vans. The company manufactured trucks, tractors, tanks, buses/
coaches and autorail vehicles in its early years. The French Government nationalized
Renault in 1945 and Pierre Lefaucheux was given the charge of heading Renault. The
company faced a bankruptcy in 1985-1986 but came back to fore in 1987. In 1996, the
company was privatized and expanded globally to countries such as Brazil, Argentina and
Turkey. A strategic alliance was forged with Nissan in 1999 and, in the same year, Renault
took over car maker Dacia from Romania. Renault became the major (20 per cent)
shareholder of Volvo in 2000. Carlos Ghosn, the man behind the successful turnaround of
Nissan, became the CEO of Renault in 2005 and over the next five years helped the brand
achieve significant growth and market share. In 2011, Renault (and Nissan) became the
third-biggest European automaker by production behind the Volkswagen Group and PSA
and the ninth biggest automaker by production in the world (World Motor Vehicle
Production, 2013). In 2013 the company was headquartered in Boulogne-Billancourt in
France and owned the Romanian manufacturer Automobile Dacia and the Korean Renault
Samsung Motors. The company also owned subsidiaries RCI Banque (automotive
financing), Renault Retail Group (automotive distribution) and Motrio (automotive parts).
The chairperson and CEO of the company was still Carlos Ghosn in early 2013 and the
French Government held approximately 15 per cent share of Renault.
Renault in India
Renault entered into the Indian market in October 2005 through a 51:49 joint venture with
Mahindra & Mahindra Limited[1] and was named Mahindra Renault Limited. In April 2007,
Mahindra Renault launched Logan – an entry sedan – with prices starting from INR 428,000
(base variant, petrol) and INR 547,000 (base variant, diesel). The Logan was launched to
cater to the Indian mid-sized car market. The sedan was enabled with modern features
and, at the same time, stripped of costly design features. The Logan was a great success
in the European market and had sold almost 450,000 units worldwide from 2004 to 2007.
However, the Logan could not succeed in India due to several problems such as an
ineffective branding strategy, improper pricing and poor localization. The actual sales were
found to be much lower than the projected figures. As a result, the joint venture posted a
loss of INR 4.9 billion by the end of March 2009. Some analysts suggested a poor pricing
strategy to be one of the reasons for failure. Even though the price was low compared to
competitors, it was not exactly a low-cost entry mid-sized car as the joint venture had
claimed. The higher price was a result of only 50 per cent local sourcing (much lower than
competitors) and import of the engines from France. Some experts also claimed the higher
excise duty faced by Logan to be a reason behind the high price. Several other reasons
were cited for the poor performance of the car, such as its dated appearance, which gave
it a tourist taxi image, and the lack of company-owned network of dealers and service
centers. Finally, Logan was never aggressively promoted, except for some weak discount
ads by the local dealers. Thus, the low demand could be attributed to low customer pull
effect. The failure of the Logan mainly led to the dissolution of the joint venture between
Mahindra and Renault in February 2010, with Mahindra buying out Renault’s shares.
Renault agreed to provide support to Mahindra and Mahindra, through a license agreement
to supply key components, and Renault Logan became Mahindra Verito. After its exit from
the joint venture, Renault entered the Indian market on its own (refer to Exhibit 2 for a brief
timeline of Renault in India).
Notes
1. Mahindra & Mahindra Limited was founded in 1945 as a steel trading company. The company was
a diversified conglomerate in 2013 with businesses spread over 18 industries and a global
presence in more than 100 nations.
References
Bhattacharya, R. (2012), “Renault delays Duster ad campaign as bookings cross 18,000”,
Businessline, 27 September, available at: www.thehindubusinessline.com/companies/renault-delays-
duster-ad-campaign-as-bookings-cross-18000/article3942633.ece (accessed 12 July 2013).
Chaudhari, Y. (2013), “Duster now No. 2 in UVs”, DNA, 15 May, available at: www.dnaindia.com/
money/1834823/report-duster-now-no-2-in-uvs (accessed 8 August 2013).
Chaudhari, Y. (2013), “Nissan ups bet on compact SUVs with Terrano”, DNA, available at: www.dnaindia.com/
money/1877547/report-nissan-ups-bet-on-compact-suvs-with-terrano (accessed 7 July 2013).
Choudhury, K. (2013), “Renault on comeback trail with Duster”, The Telegraph, 3 June, available at: www.
telegraphindia.com/1130603/jsp/business/story_16965057.jsp#.Uh9Ay_n-Fsl (accessed 7 July 2013).
World Motor Vehicle Production (2013), “OICA correspondents survey”, available at: http://oica.net/
wp-content/uploads/ranking.pdf (accessed 8 August 2013).
Further reading
CarToq (Ed.) (2012), “Renault releases Duster teaser ad and price contest”, Cartoq.com, available at:
www.cartoq.com/renault-releases-duster-teaser-ad-and-price-contest/ (accessed 7 July 2013).
Greeshma, M. (2013), “Ford EcoSport becomes highest selling SUV in India, overtakes Renault
Duster”, ibtimes.co.in, 5 August, available at: www.ibtimes.co.in/articles/496876/20130805/ford-
ecosport-india-sales-renault-duster-price.htm (accessed 15 August 2013).
Oncars.in. (2012), “Virat Kohli takes home Renault Duster SUV after winning ‘Man of the Series’ title in
Sri Lanka”, Oncars.in, 7 August, available at: www.oncars.in/Car-News-Detail/virat-kohli-takes-home-
renault-duster-suv-after-winning-man-of-the-series-in-sri-lanka/2824 (accessed 7 July 2013).
Exhibit 2
October 2005 Renault enters the Indian market through a joint venture between Renault and Mahindra and Mahindra
Limited and was named Mahindra Renault Limited
April 2007 Launch of Logan
June 2008 Establishment of Integrated Logistics Network to facilitate export of automobile components to Renault plants
globally
January 2010 Renault displays range of cars in the AUTOEXPO 2010 exhibition, New Delhi and announced to introduce
them in India
February 2010 Dissolution of the joint venture between Mahindra and Renault announces to open a nation-wide network of
dealership in Renault Brand and the launch of a range of cars from mid-2011
March 2010 Opening of Renault-Nissan Alliance manufacturing facility in Chennai (with initial investment of Rs. 4,500
crores with a capacity to produce 400,000 cars annually)
May 2011 Launched its first car (sedan) in India, the Fluence
September 2011 Launches Koleos SUV, globally in India on 8 Sept. In the launch month only, Koleos registers 120⫹ bookings
(the only SUV in the segment to do so)
January 2012 Renault displays 11 cars in New Delhi Auto Expo and Pulse is launched and unveils the Duster
June 2012 At Munnar, successfully conducted a Media Test Drive for Renault Duster
July 2012 Launch of Renault Duster across nine cities in India and receives a phenomenal response from the Indian
market
August 2012 Renault India records highest sales to date, selling 4,036 cars
September 2012 Renault Scala launched in New Delhi on 7 September
October 2012 Renault India records highest cumulative sales to date, selling 6,790 cars
Increased Duster Price by up to INR 40,000
November 2012 Renault India commences first shipment of Duster from Chennai to the UK
March 2013 Renault Duster sells 6,313 units in March 2013 - the highest ever sales
April 2013 Automobile style guru Dilip Chhabria redesigns Duster into a luxury SUV The customization pack to convert
the duster into luxury SUV is priced at INR 3.5 lakhs
Duster sales (6,300 units) and overtakes Mahindra’s Scorpio (4,700 units)
Source: www.facebook.com/permalink.php?story_fbid⫽572057836143284&id⫽228117457203992
(April 2013) April May June July August September October November December January February March April May June July
Make Model Body (ex-showroom New Delhi) 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2013 2013 2013 2013 2013 2013 2013
Exhibit 5
Corresponding author
Subhadip Roy can be contacted at: subhadip.roy@iimu.ac.in