Chapter 3

KINETIC FACTORS

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Why will meat conserved outside the
fridge be spoiled faster than food kept in
the fridge ?

Temperature
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Why does a dough containing yeast rise more
quickly than a dough without yeast ?

catalyst
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Why do plants grow faster when they receive
nutrients from fertilizers ?

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concentration 4
 1- Introduction :
Kinetic factors are the factors that affect the
rate of a reaction. Among these factors we
have :

- temperature
- catalyst
- concentration

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2- Influence of the concentration :

Conclusion :

The rate of reaction (disappearance of reactants

and formation of products) increases when the
initial concentration of the reactant increases,
and vice versa.

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Note :
Increasing the concentration of a reactant can
also lead to the increase of the yield of the
reaction provided that this reactant is the
limiting.

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 3- Influence of the temperature :

Conclusion :

The rate of reaction (disappearance of reactants

and formation of products) increases as the
temperature of the reaction medium increases,
and vice versa.

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 4- Catalysis :
a- Definition :

A catalyst is a substance which accelerates a

chemical reaction and remains unaltered, from
a chemical point of view, at the end of the
reaction.

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b- Activity of a catalyst :
A catalyst is more active when the amount of
this catalyst needed to accelerate a reaction is
lesser.

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Note : We can increase the rate of a reaction
by increasing the contact surface between the
catalyst and the reactants. This is why the
solid catalysts are generally ground.

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c- Selectivity of a catalyst :

Starting from the same reactants, the products

of a reaction may be different depending on the
catalyst used.

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This property is applied in industrial chemistry,
to increase the yield of a particular product
and to avoid undesirable secondary products.

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