ECE 101

Fundamentals of Electrical Engineering I

Inductance and Capacitance

https://github.com/topics/electric-circuits

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 Educational Material in References
❑Textbook [1]: James Nilsson, Susan Reidel, Electric Circuits,
Pearson, 11th Edition, Global Edition.
▪ Chapter 6: sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3.

* Proofs provided on smart board are available in textbook [1].

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** Most materials (figures, equations, etc.) are from textbook [1].
 The Inductor
❑ It is an electrical component, which is composed of a coil of wire wound around a
supporting core whose material can be magnetic or nonmagnetic.
❑ It is a passive circuit component that is used to store magnetic energy.
❑ It opposes or impedes any change in the electrical current flowing through it.

https://engineeringlearn.com/what-is-inductor-types-of-inductor-uses-
function-symbol-complete-details/

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 The Inductor
❑ The circuit parameter of inductance (L) is a measure of the ability of the element to
store magnetic energy.
L

(a)

+ -
v
i
(b)
(a) The circuit symbol for an inductor with an inductance
of L henrys. (b) Assigning reference voltage and current to
the inductor, following the passive sign convention. 4
 The Inductor: Voltage and Current Relationships
Voltage across an inductor in terms of the current in the inductor

where:
▪ v is measured in volts [V]
▪ L in henrys [H]
▪ i in amperes [A]
▪ t in seconds [s]

Current in an inductor in terms of the voltage across the inductor

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The Inductor: Power and Energy

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 The Capacitor
❑ It is an electrical component, which is composed of two plates of conductors
separated by an nonconducting material.
❑ It is a passive circuit component that is used to store electric energy.

https://eeeproject.com/types-of-capacitors/

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 The Capacitor
❑ The circuit parameter of capacitance (C) is a measure of the ability of the element
to store electric energy.
C

(a)

+ -
v
i
(b)
(a) The circuit symbol for a capacitor. (b) Assigning
reference voltage and current to the capacitor,
following the passive sign convention. 8
The Capacitor: Voltage and Current Relationships
Current in an capacitor in terms of the voltage across the capacitor

where:
▪ i in amperes [A]
▪ C in farads [F]
▪ v is measured in volts [V]
▪ t in seconds [s]

Voltage across a capacitor in terms of the current in the capacitor

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The Capacitor: Power and Energy

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Inductors: Series and Parallel Combinations

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Capacitors: Series and Parallel Combinations

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