PHM031 – Modern Mechanics

Fall 2021

Translational, Rotational,
and Vibrational Energy
Dr.Waleed Zein
Associate Professor
Faculty of Engineering - EUI
Waleed.zein@eui.edu.eg
Or walidzein@gmail.com
Whatsapp : 01129366633
Rotation and translation

Ktot = Ktrans + Krot

Assume all mass
1 is in the rim
Mvcm
2
1
2 Mvrel
2

2
1 1
Ktot = Mvcm + Mvrel
2 2

2 2
 Rotational Kinetic Energy
• Consider a rigid system rotating on an
axis
• All atoms are rotating at the same
“angular speed”

2p
w=
T
v = wr
 Moment of Inertia

1 1
K rot = [ m r + m r + m r ]w = I w 2
2
1 ^1
2
2 ^2
2
3 ^3
2

2 2
Some Moments of Inertia

1 1
I cy linde r = ML +
2
MR 2

12 4
1
I di sk = MR 2
2
2
I sphe re = MR 2
5
Rigid Rotation about a Point
Not the Center of Mass
In General

K tot = K trans + K rel

In this case
1
K rel = K rot = I CM w 2

2
What is Ktrans?
 What is Ktrans?

1 1 1
K trans = Mv
2
CM = M (w rCM ) =
2
( MrCM
2
)w 2
2 2 2

1
K tot = ( Mr 2
CM + I CM )w 2

2
Example
Example
Example