JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA

KHRIIYA DEVAT ASHOKNAGAR {M.P.}

Session 2022-23

Physics project on – investigatory

project on covid 19 pandemic

SUBMITTED BY: submitted to:

Priya sunehare mr. AVINASH MISHRA
(p.g.t. biology)
Roll no :
Class: 12
Stream: science
 INDEX

1.Certificate
2.Acknowledgement
3.Introduction to COVID-19
4.History: Infection of corona viruses
5.How it spreads
6.Incubation period
7.Diagnosis
8.Symptoms
9.Treatments
10.Prevention
11.Facts about COVID-19
12.Bibliography
INTRODUCTION TO
COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first case was
identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. It has since spread worldwide,
leading to an ongoing pandemic.
Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus will experience mild
to moderate respiratory illness and recover without requiring special
treatment. Older people, and those with underlying medical problems like
cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cancer are
more likely to develop serious illness.

Hosts, Reservoirs and Infected

Animals

• Infect birds and mammals

•Bats are hosts to the largest number of

viral genotypes of coronavirus

•Epidemics can occur when viruses transmit from one

species to another

•Can cause mutations in proteins that

allow viruses to bind to cells
Humans

•Human coronaviruses are causes of respiratory and

gastrointestinal tract infections

•Estimated to account for 5-10 percent of all adult

upper respiratory
tract infections
(“common cold” to pneumonia and ARDS)

•GI symptoms including diarrhea

•When mutations occur, coronaviruses can be a

significant
cause of human epidemics
HISTORY: INFECTION
OF CORONA VIRUSES

•Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

(SARS)-2002/2003

•Guangdong Province of China

•Beta coronavirus

•Transmitted from bats to civets to humans

•Began in February 2003 and outbreak lasted until

July 2003

•More than 8000 total cases, 774 deaths, fatality rate

of
~9.6%
 HOW IT SPREADS

Droplets or aerosols:
When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, droplets or
tiny particles called aerosols carry the virus into the air
from their nose or mouth. Anyone who is within 6 feet of that
person can breathe it into their lungs.

Fecal-oral:
Studies also suggest that virus
particles can be found in infected people’s poop. But
experts aren’t sure whether the infection can spread
through contact with an infected person’s stool. If that
person uses the bathroom and doesn’t wash their hands,
they could infect things and people that they touch.

Airborne transmission:
Research shows that the virus can live in the air for up to 3 hours.
It can get into your lungs if someone who has it breathes out and
you breathe that air in. Experts are divided on how often the
viruses’ spreads through the airborne route and how much
it contributes to the pandemic.

Surface transmission:
Another way to catch the new coronavirus is when you touch surfaces
that someone who has virus has coughed or sneezed on. You may touch
a countertop or doorknob that’s contaminated and then touch
your nose, mouth, or eyes. The virus can live on surfaces
like plastic and stainless steel for 2 to 3 days. To stop
it, clean and disinfect all counters, knobs, and other
surfaces you and your family touch several
times a day.
INCUBATION PERIOD
The incubation period of COVID-19, which is the
time between
exposure to the virus and symptom onset, is on
average 5-6 days,
but can be as long as 14 days. Thus, quarantine
should be in place
for 14 days from the last expo
sure to a confirmed

DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
Antibody (Serology) Tests

What they do:These tests detect antibodies that signal that

the body has mounted an immune response to the virus. They do not
indicate whether a person has current COVID-19 infection, or when
they were exposed.

Method:Blood Sample

Molecular Tests

What they do:These tests loo for the virus’s genetic material and are the current
standard for diagnosing COVID-19.

Method:
Nasal or throat swab, and for some test, saliva
 COVID-19 SYMPTOMS
•Fever or chills

•Cough

•Shortness of breath or difficulty in breathing

•Fatigue

•Muscle or body aches

•Headache

•New loss of taste or smell

•Sore throat

•Congestion or runny nose

•Nausea or vomiting

•Diarrhea
TREATMENTS
There is no specific, effective treatment or
cure for corona
viruses’ disease 2019 (COVID-19) the disease caused
by the SARS-
COVID-2 virus.

• But in India “Covishield” and “Covaxin” are used in

this time.

•The “Oxford –AstraZeneca” vaccine has been

approved for
use in the UK. There is no vaccine approved by
WHO.
An Investigatory Data Analysis of
COVID 19 India Data

Fig. 1. Confirmed, Deceased and Recovered Count based on Lockdown

Fig. 2. Confirmed, Tested Count based on Lockdown
Fig. 3. Top 10 States having Higher Number of Cases before Lockdown

Fig. 4. Top 10 States having Higher Number of Cases during Lockdown 1

Fig. 5. Top 10 States having Higher Number of Cases during Lockdown 2

Fig. 6. Top 10 States having Higher Number of Cases during Lockdown 3

BIBLIOGRAPHY

With the help of:

1.Google

•https://www.webmd.com
•https://www.who.int
•https://www.narayanahealth.org

2.YouTube
 certificate

This is to certify that PRIYA SUNEHARE has

successfully completed this Biology Project on topic
COVID-19 PANDEMIC by Mr. Avinash Mishra,
during academic session 2022-23 as per guidelines
issued by Central Board of Secondary Education.

Mr. Avinash Mishra

(P.G.T. BIOLOGY) EXTERNAL EXAMINER
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my immense gratitude

to my Biology teacher Mr. Avinash Mishra
sir for the help and guidance he provided for
completing this project.

I also thank my parents who gave their ideas and

inputs in making this project. Most of all I thank
our school management, for providing us the
facilities and opportunity to do this project.

Lastly, I would like to thanks my classmates who

have done this project along with me. Their
support made this project fruitful.