COMSATS University Islamabad

Sahiwal Campus
Department of Computer Science

Assignment # 01
Subject:
Pakistan Studies
Submitted To:
Prof. Muzamil Hussain
Submitted By:
Abdul Rehman Ali
Fa21-BCS-145
Section C
Submission Date:
17 October, 2022

Table of Contents
1 British Raj:............................................................................................................................................3
2 Viceroy’s Approval:..............................................................................................................................3
3 Establishment of Congress:.................................................................................................................4
4 Objectives of Indian Congress:.............................................................................................................4
5 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan’s reservations:...................................................................................................4

List of Figures
Figure 1 Indian National Congress...............................................................................................................3
Figure 2 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan.....................................................................................................................4
Question A
Courses of Events that led to the Creation of Indian
National
Congress:
Retired British Indian Civil
Service officer Allan Octavian
Hume establish the Indian
National Congress amid agitation
over several issues against the
British Raj by local Indians, to
form a platform for Civil and
political dialogue among well-
educated Indians.

Figure 1 Indian National Congress

1 British Raj:
In 1857, after the Indian rebellions in the war of independence control of India transferred from
EIC (East India Company) to the British. British-controlled India also known as British Raj
started work to justify and support its state with the aid of English-educated Indians, who are
more close to English as well as their cultures and political thinking.

There are some reasons that the Congress survived and grew, particularly in the nineteen century
of undisputed British dominance or hegemony was through the patronage of British authorities
and especially the raising class of Indians and Anglo-Indians educated in English language-based
British traditions.

2 Viceroy’s Approval:
Indians wanted a big share in the government for educated Indians and to create a platform for
civil and political dialogue between their community and British Raj. In May 1885, A.O Hume
secured the viceroy's approval to establish an INC, which would be affiliated with the state and
act as a platform to voice Indian public opinions.

Some educated people along with A.O Hume came together on 12 October and publish an appeal
that asked British voters in the 1885 British general election to support Indian candidates.
3 Establishment of Congress:
In 1885, on 28 December the INC was established at GakaldasTejpal Sanskrit College in
Bombay, with 72 representatives or delegations in the audience. A.O Hume assumed office as
the general secretary, and Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee of Calcutta was elected.

Hume and two others was a member of founding groups, William Wedderburn and Justice John
Jardine.

4 Objectives of Indian Congress:

Here is the goal of INC is as follows.
 To present as one nation, and till now discordant, elements that constitute the population
of India.
 Their goal was a regeneration of Indians along all the angles like mental, political, social,
and moral.
 And most importantly the consolidation of the union between India and England, by
securing modification of its condition by injustice to the rest of the country. 
Part-B

5 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan’s reservations:

The establishment of INC was a danger for the Muslims of India. Sir Syed Ahmad Khan was
quite critical of the establishment of Congress and He
asked the Muslims not to join it. He thought that if
they were told even the Viceroy the secretary of the
state and the whole house of civil had openly
supported the congress.

So for that reason, he would remain opposed to it.

And the Muslims also followed his advice. The time
quoted Sir Syed Ahmad Khan on November 12,
1888, “It is my deliberate belief that should the
resolution of the native Congress is carried into the
effect; it would be impossible for the British
government to preserved peace or to control in any
degree the violence and civil war which would
Figure 2 Sir Syed Ahmad Khan
ensue”.