Notes

Assignments for chapter 2

Jian.Luo
jian.luo@nwpu.edu.cn

School of mechanical Engineering,

Northwestern Polytechnical University

October 23, 2017

Problem 1
Notes
Gate AB has length L, width b into paper, is hinged at B, and has neg-
ligible weight. The liquid level remain at the top of gate for any angle
θ, as shown in figure below. Find an analytic expression for the force P ,
perpendicular to AB, required to keep the gate equilibrium.

Figure 1: A gate AB is immersed in water and hinged at B.

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Problem 1
Notes
Solution:
The centroid of the gate is at distance yc = L/2 from A.
For any θ, the resultant force acting on the gate gives,
1
FR = ρgyc sin θLb = ρgL2 b sin θ
2
The moment of initial of the gate is Ixc = 1/12L3 b,
so
Ixc 2L
yR = + yc =
yc A 3

For equilibrium of moments about the hinge B,

P L = FR (L − yR )

1/2ρgL2 b sin θ(L − 2L/3) 1

P = = ρgL2 b sin θ
L 6
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Problem 2
Notes

The homogenous trimer AB is 0.15m × 0.35m in cross section and

10m in length, as shown in figure below.
Determine the density of the timer and the tension in rope. (ρwater =
103 kg/m3 , g = 9.8m/s2 )

Figure 2: A trimer AB is submerged in water and hinged at A.

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Problem 2
Notes
Solution:
The weight of trimer is
W = ρt g∀trimer = ρ × 9.8 × 0.15 × 0.35 × 10 = 5.145ρt
The buoyant force is
FB = ρwater g∀submerged = 103 ×9.8×0.15×0.35×8 = 4.116×103
For the equilibrium of moments about point A
W × 10/2 × sin θ = FB × 8/2 × sin θ
5.145ρt × 5 = 4.116 × 103 × 4 ⇒ ρt = 0.64 × 103
For equilibrium of forces in the vertical direction, it gives
FB = W + T

T = FB − W = 4.116 × 103 − 3.2928 × 103 = 0.8232 × 103

4/6

Problem 3
Notes
The U tube contains mercury and rotates about the off-center axis a − a,
as shown in Figure below. At rest, the depth of mercury in each leg is
150mm.
Determine the angular velocity for which the difference between the two
legs is 75mm. (ρmercury = 13.6 × 103 kg/m3 , g = 9.8m/s2 )

Figure 3: The U tube contains rotates about the off-center axis a − a.

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Problem 3
Notes

Solution:
The equation of free surface is

ω2 r2
z= +C
2g
The difference between the two legs is 75mm,
Thus,
ω 2 (rA
2 − r2 )
B
zA − zB = = 75mm
2g
so that s
(zA − zB )2g
ω= 2 − r2 ≈ 6.04rad/s
rA B

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Notes