KPDS ve YDS – 22 HAFTALIK PROGRAM – PAKET 2

8 Aralık – 14 Aralık 2003

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İçerik:

Coordination, Relative Clause, Noun Clause

Alıştırma 1 - 20 soru
Alıştırma 2 - 20 soru
Alıştırma 3 - 20 soru
Alıştırma 4 - 20 soru
Alıştırma 5 - 20 soru
Sözcük Bilgisi – Konu 3
Sözcük Bilgisi – Konu 4

Yanıtlar
COORDINATION, RELATIVE CLAUSE, NOUN CLAUSE
Alıştırma 1
1) --- confess his participation in the crime, but he told who he'd helped as well.

A) He did not only B) He not only

C) Not only D) Not only did he
E) Not only he

2) --- polar bears and penguins can withstand extreme weather conditions.

A) Both of B) Both
C) Either D) Neither
E) They are

3) Actually, they don't know --- at this time of the year.

A) how much a holiday costs B) how much can a holiday cost

C) how much did a holiday cost D) how much does a holiday cost
E) how much will a holiday cost

4) Among all--- who experienced the 1980 crisis, not one person would wish to
have been living in those days again.

A) the one B) their

C) them D) this
E) those

5) Gravity not only causes objects to fall --- increases their speed.

A) and also B) and so

C) and too D) as well
E) but also

6) Having dizziness can result from either a lack of oxygen --- a loss of blood.

A) and B) and from

C) either D) or from
E) or

7) He didn't hear --- because he was speaking on the phone.

A) that I had said B) that I said

C) what I said D) what I say
E) which I say

8) His dancing is not very promising; --- does it appeal to the eye.

A) and B) but
C) either D) neither
E) nor

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9) Llamas are valued in Peru because they --- meat and wool.

A) both B) both produce

C) have both D) having both
E) produce both

10) The Berlin Wall was the place --- many interesting paintings had been
painted.

A) at which B) by whom
C) on that D) on which
E) on whom

11) The cockroach is a small --- harmful insect.

A) both B) but
C) either D) or
E) so

12) The first shuttle --- on its way to space was Challenger, killing seven
astronauts aboard.

A) crashed B) to be crashing
C) to crash D) to have crashed
E) was crashing

13) The painting --- was sold in the auction this morning is a masterpiece by
Van Gogh.

A) by whom B) what
C) which D) who
E) whose

14) They have an intention to buy a house, but first they want to find out --- .

A) how the prices are B) the prices are

C) the prices are what D) what are the prices
E) what the prices are

15) They thought there was no reason not to hurry because they believed that
the film --- .

A) had already begun B) has already begun

C) should already have begun D) will already begin
E) would already begin

16) They warned us --- our cameras inside the museum.

A) don't use B) not to have used

C) not to use D) we hadn't used
E) we shouldn't use

17) This must be the knife --- the murdered was committed.

A) of whom B) that
C) which D) who
E) with which

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18) Was Peter the only one --- welcomed you?

A) what B) which
C) who D) whose
E) with whose

19) We don't know ---. .

A) after what she wants B) does she want what

C) she wants what D) what does she want
E) what she wants

20) We hadn't expected you would attend the ceremony but we had expected --
- a message, just out of politeness!

A) that you are sending B) that you must send

C) that you would send D) you to send
E) your sending

COORDINATION, RELATIVE CLAUSE, NOUN CLAUSE

Alıştırma 2
1) --- actually it is men who love to gossip.

A) It is known that B) It knew that

C) Known that D) That is known
E) That it is known

2) --- he should choose to work for us is not a big surprise.

A) All B) Because
C) So that D) That
E) That's why

3) A recent theory --- a meteor the size of a large building may have caused the
crater.

A) is that B) is this
C) of D) that
E) was

4) Being a secretary, I have to write down --- is said during meetings.

A) that B) whatever
C) when D) where
E) whether

5) Did he inform you --- ?

A) how long had he been staying there

B) how many participants were there at the online game
C) to have passed the exam with the minimum requirement
D) when he should submit his report
E) why didn’t he come on time for the meeting

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6) Do you know --- ?

A) how long has he been working with us

B) was he at the meeting with his friends
C) when he said he would be leaving
D) whom had he gone to the seminar with
E) why did he refuse to come with you

7) Do you know --- second-hand books?

A) to buy B) where buy

C) where buying D) where is bought
E) where to buy

8) Do you think ---?

A) if your son can win the cup

B) in order that we can play tennis together
C) what is there for us to find
D) when the boss realizes the error in the report
E) will the weather be nice this week

9) He --- he --- Jane before.

A) had thought/met B) thinks/had met

C) thought/has met D) thought/meets
E) thought/will met

10) My team lost the final game, --- was what we had already been expecting.

A) that B) what
C) which D) who
E) whose

11) Our task for the coming week --- we will revise all the documents we have
typed so far.

A) is that B) is this
C) is to D) will
E) will be

12) She had already several months' of driving courses --- .

A) as soon as she has got her diploma

B) by the time her husband knows she can manage in city traffic
C) provided that she was a careful driver
D) that her father intended to teach her
E) when she applied to yet another one

13) The teacher asked the students --- .

A) not to make so much fuss about the exam date while the substitute teacher is
teaching
B) that whoever cheated would be expelled from the school
C) to collect term assignments when they’ve finished the lesson
D) whatever experiment would they want him to repeat
E) whether they would rather have the next lesson in open air

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14) They have employed a number of computer programmers with the hope
that they could teach the staff --- handle basic computer programmes.

A) how B) how to
C) to D) what to
E) when

15) This is the first time he --- an essay since he started the course.

A) has written B) might write

C) should write D) was written
E) wrote

16) Thomas was told on arriving at the airport that his luggage --- to Hong Kong
by mistake.

A) had been sent B) had sent

C) is sending D) is sent
E) was sending

17) We --- him if we --- before.

A) ask/met B) asked/had met

C) asked/have met D) had asked/met
E) will ask/will have met

18) We are sure that by the time they get to the auditorium, --- .

A) the concert would have been almost finished

B) the first item has been discussed already
C) the speakers have been waiting for long hours
D) their favourite speaker's speech will be over
E) they are having their lunch break

19) We don't know ---.

A) that she had gone to Liverpool for Christmas

B) what is he planning
C) where were they going to have dinner
D) which room did he stay in
E) why he is so aggressive

20) We had never thought --- you again.

A) our seeing B) us seeing

C) us to see D) we will see
E) we would see

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COORDINATION, RELATIVE CLAUSE, NOUN CLAUSE
Alıştırma 3
1) --- attempts to cheat in the test will be dismissed from the testing room.

A) However B) Wherever
C) Whichever D) Whoever
E) Whomever

2) --- has seen this woman or heard about her should please phone the local
police station as urgently as possible.

A) However B) Whatever
C) Whenever D) Wherever
E) Whoever

3) By the time they become aware of --- they've been polluting the lake, it will
be to late.

A) how B) the fact that

C) what D) where
E) whether

4) Does anybody know --- dog this is?

A) what B) where
C) which D) whom
E) whose

5) He decided to calculate --- time he would have to spare to revise the plans.

A) how long B) how many

C) how much D) what
E) when

6) He is a real admirer of the singer and follows her --- she goes.

A) however B) whatever
C) whenever D) wherever
E) whoever

7) I can very well understand --- you get so frightened at the sight of a mouse,
because I myself suffer from same fears.

A) if B) when
C) whether D) who
E) why

8) I need to find out --- this small dog belongs to.

A) what B) when
C) where D) who
E) whose

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9) I was at the pub at the time of murder – you can ask --- you want and they'll
certainly confirm what I say.

A) however B) whenever
C) wherever D) whichever
E) whoever

10) I'd like to know --- it will take me to get there.

A) how B) how long

C) how much D) where
E) why

11) I'm here to inquire you about --- your ex-wife is; now tell me, when was the
last time you saw her?

A) what B) where
C) which D) whom
E) whose

12) Of the two holiday sites, we find it difficult to decide --- one to choose.

A) what B) when
C) which D) whom
E) whose

13) Mr. Pollock cannot remember --- times he's had to stand in this corner to
get food free of charge.

A) how long B) how many

C) how much D) how often
E) what

14) Since it is your getting your diploma that we are celebrating, tonight we'll
go --- you prefer and enjoy ourselves there.

A) however B) whenever
C) wherever D) whichever
E) whoever

15) The means do not interest us; --- you do it is all right with us as long as you
do it on time.

A) however B) whenever
C) wherever D) whichever
E) whomever

16) The problem here is to find out --- has given the documents to he press.

A) what B) where
C) who D) whom
E) whose

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17) They are still unsure as to --- had planned the bombing of the President's
office.

A) how B) what
C) where D) who
E) whom

18) We don't know yet --- to believe him or not; we need further evidence.

A) how B) what
C) when D) whether
E) which

19) When he realized --- he had done to the furniture in the living room, he
decided not to keep it as a secret.

A) if B) the fact that

C) what D) when
E) whom

20) When you are in public relations sector, you will see --- important it is to be
flexible with people.

A) how B) that
C) what D) when
E) which

COORDINATION, RELATIVE CLAUSE, NOUN CLAUSE

Alıştırma 4
1) --- I find difficult to understand is how he can tell so many lies so
comfortably.

A) That B) What
C) Which D) Who
E) Why

2) --- I may have survived that terrible accident is still a mystery.

A) How B) If
C) When D) Which
E) Whom

3) As soon as she saw the unfinished furniture, she realized that they --- to her
since she had given her order and chosen a model to her taste.

A) are lying B) had been lying

C) have been lying D) lied
E) were lying

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4) Can you recall --- ?

A) how did he celebrate his graduation

B) was he with the demonstrators or not
C) when the last election was held on
D) when will the board meet again
E) why hadn’t he warned us about the potential problems

5) Have you noticed that they --- on quite well since the last argument?

A) are getting B) get

C) got D) had been getting
E) have been getting

6) He --- by next Monday whether he’ll come with us.

A) asked me B) thinks
C) told D) will let me know
E) wondered

7) He said --- .

A) if it would be suitable for me to meet as soon as possible

B) was she at home when she phoned
C) we hadn’t studied hard enough to pass the test
D) whether he can help us prepare for the travel
E) why we hadn’t waited until they arrived

8) I might never have found what the problem was if you had not kindly showed
me --- to dismantle the photocopy unit.

A) how B) when
C) where D) whether
E) why

9) I'm trying to remember .... in my office I may have left my briefcase.

A) how B) what
C) where D) whether
E) who

10) It hasn't escaped my attention that he --- since they warned him.

A) had been late on two occasions B) has never been late

C) is always on time D) tried to be punctual
E) was late only once

11) Nobody could find a way to figure out --- .

A) how did they manage to cheat everybody

B) that they want to increase the number of rooms
C) what he is accused of
D) whether we have been interested in the painting since then
E) why we insisted on their leaving the meeting early

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12) The fact that they have lost all their property --- .

A) are going to be heard by everybody sooner or later

B) have depressed us deeply
C) influence their children’s future life
D) were known by the close relatives only
E) will be a big surprise to all their relatives

13) The Allied forces had to decide --- to fight with German panzer unit within
the monastery building and lose a few hundred men, or use planes to bomb
the place, thus risking minimum number of Allied casualties.

A) how B) when
C) where D) whether
E) why

14) The teacher cannot understand --- Thomas, who is usually a quiet member
of the class, manages to get the highest marks in tests.

A) how B) that
C) what D) which
E) whom

15) They don't know for certain yet how much their next instalment --- since
the value of the currency has been on the rise.

A) are B) had been

C) has been D) was
E) will be

16) We weren’t sure --- .

A) if the finance department was really determined to exercise our scheme

B) how long he will stay with his parents
C) that he has agreed with our plan
D) what time did he have to get home
E) whether he is bold enough to face the truth

17) We would be most please to learn --- .

A) why they didn’t accept our invitation B) had he been there before
C) how old is the caretaker D) that he went somewhere peaceful
E) what are they going to buy for me for my birthday

18) We’re sure --- .

A) if he’ll pass the test

B) they didn’t hurt the woman deliberately
C) when will he come back
D) whether they phoned us or not
E) why he hasn’t come

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19) We'd like to find out soon --- .

A) that he'll inform us about the consequences

B) the fact that they had left the town
C) what was he late for the start of the ceremony
D) whether they've financed the plan thoroughly
E) would he rather go with you

20) Were you sure --- ?

A) about the fact that they’ve accepted our amendment plan

B) is he coming or not
C) that he had taken the test
D) what time would they be here
E) whether or not they can help the dolphin

COORDINATION, RELATIVE CLAUSE, NOUN CLAUSE

Alıştırma 5
1) --- is written in this document concerns the writer and the reader only.

A) That B) What
C) Who D) Whom
E) Why

2) --- of these nice skates would you like me to buy as a birthday present?

A) Whichever B) However
C) Whatever D) Whoever
E) Whomever

3) --- route do you think is safer - the one by the lake or the one across the
bridge?

A) How B) How many

C) What D) Which
E) Why

4) --- you have just done was utterly shameless!

A) How B) That
C) What D) When
E) Why

5) Actually, they do not care much about --- you express yourself in Japanese in
the final test; you're interested more in vocabulary than in fluency.

A) however B) whatever
C) wherever D) whichever
E) whomever

6) --- that we had missed the start of the film.

A) We asked him B) He told

C) We wondered D) He wanted to know
E) He enquired

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7) Apparently, you told him where the party was, --- forgot to mention the date.

A) and B) but
C) either D) neither
E) so

8) As a person that has witnessed so many accidents on this highway, I've

always wondered --- .

A) that they would like to live in this community

B) we would put on our headlights in a weather like this
C) what would an average person do in such a case
D) whether I would have done the same if I had been involved in one
E) would we rather drive through the highway than be on this narrow lane

9) Before the journalists could mention the lost document scandal, the
Spokesman had already remarked --- .

A) that it had been an opportunity to tighten security within the office

B) that the management itself is responsible for all the loses so far
C) what we thought of it
D) whether we would be asking for an interview again
E) why they hadn't asked similar questions to his colleagues before

10) For my geography lesson, I need to learn --- .

A) how many states are there in Germany

B) what is the largest last lake in the US
C) where do the Lapland live
D) which one of the six continents is the smallest in area
E) will the Ice Cap go on melting

11) I hope you have not forgotten to tell our foreign visitors --- on the
pavement.

A) don’t sit B) not having sat

C) not sitting D) not to have sat
E) not to sit

12) I immediately realized by air of panic in the building .... .

A) how would the lift be broken again

B) that the manager is in one of his moods again
C) that there was something sinister going on
D) whether the day will be a good one
E) whether there is going to be a fire

13) If the boss asks me for details, I have to tell him --- .

A) is he ready to work with us

B) was he serious about mentioning that he'd rather we changed our offices
C) when will the executive committee hold the meeting in the Grand Saloon
D) where was the most striking point brought about in the meeting
E) why they have defended the idea that some parts of the plan need to be changed

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14) I've got the feeling that I'm being followed because --- I go, I come across
with the same faces.

A) however B) whatever
C) wherever D) whichever
E) whomever

15) Long before the volcano erupted, some scientists had already predicted --- .

A) how many people are killed during the ensuing earthquake

B) that it had caused enormous destruction
C) that it would hit large areas
D) where would it occur
E) whether there was any loss of life

16) Most people believe that such things as letter-writing and sending
telegrams --- obsolete in about five years or so.

A) had become B) have become

C) will have become D) would become
E) would become obsolete

17) My son won't show me --- he's got in his hand.

A) how B) what
C) where D) which
E) why

18) Soon before the disaster, the police in the area had been informed --- as a
bomb had been planted in a waste paper basket.

A) how long ago did the bomb explode

B) that there would be an explosion
C) when all the building in the area have to be evacuated
D) whether they can safely eliminate the danger
E) why most people in the areas may be warned

19) They couldn’t be sure about --- .

A) as soon as finishing the project

B) how many guests will we be inviting
C) what may have caused the accident
D) what will they do with the stolen diamond
E) whose horse will be the winner

20) We had not been expecting to see you there, because you had firmly stated
--- .

A) that you hadn't come to the party

B) that you will finish your work
C) whether you would need to be there
D) why you didn't go out
E) you wouldn't be going there again

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SÖZCÜK BİLGİSİ – KONU 3
ACUTE, ALLERGY, BACKACHE, DISEASES, DRUGS, FEVER, HEALTH, ILLNESSES,
INFECTIOUS, PAIN, PNEUMONIA, SWELLING, SYMPTOMS, TREATING

Disease is any state in which the health of the human organism is impaired. All diseases
involve a breakdown of the body's natural defence systems or those regulating the
internal environment. Understanding of diseases depends on a clear delineation of the
symptoms, which are manifestations of altered life processes. Symptoms may range
from subjective reports of pain, such as headache or backache, to visible conditions, such
as a swelling or a rash. Common symptoms include changes in body temperature (such
as fever), fatigue, loss or gain of weight, and pain or tenderness of muscles or internal
organs. Further examination may reveal: the presence of infectious organisms; broken
bones; changes in the composition of blood cells; and cancerous growth.
The classification-by-cause approach to diseases arose from the study of
infectious diseases, which were among the first illnesses to be understood. Examples
include: pneumonia, cholera, and gonorrhoea, caused by bacteria; and smallpox,
measles, and hepatitis, caused by viruses. More recently, occupational exposure to fine
powders and some organic chemicals has been found to produce allergy.
Smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol excessively, overeating or not exercising,
and/or living in a state of constant stress are all now considered to predispose one to
illness. The relationship between eating a high-fat diet and having a heart attack, is even
more complicated than the process by which infection causes symptoms.
Many conditions considered to be personality disorders are now known to have
biochemical components. The success of some drugs in treating mental disorders has
promoted the idea that these disorders may not always be behavioural problems, but
signs of abnormal functioning of parts of the brain.

1. impaired a) ailment, disease

2. breakdown b) description, depiction
3. delineation c) extremely, too
4. manifestation d) failure, collapse
5. altered e) handicapped, marred
6. tenderness f) indication, sign
7. reveal g) modified, changed
8. exposure h) part, element
9. excessively i) sensibility, softness
10. disorder j) show, expose
11. component k) subjection

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SÖZCÜK BİLGİSİ – KONU 4
1. BURIAL, DECEASED, EMBALM, FUNERAL, GRAVE, GRIEVE, MONUMENT,
MOURN, TOMB

Burial is disposal of a corpse in a tomb or grave. Burial may also take place at sea, the
corpse being released into the water from over the side of a vessel, or may take the form
of exposure of the body to the elements, as is the custom of the Inuit peoples of the
Arctic and subarctic regions. The ashes left after cremation of the body can be buried if
desired. The burial is preceded by and accompanies various funeral rites and customs,
such as embalming. The purpose of embalming in modern Western society is to prevent
mourners from having to confront the processes of putrefaction. Funerary rites and
customs are concerned not only with the preparation and disposal of the body, but also
with the well-being of the survivors and with the persistence of the spirit or memory of
the deceased. Even the emotions exhibited during death rituals can be dictated by
tradition. Mourners who are unrelated to the deceased may be hired to wail and
grieve.

1. disposal a) custom, culture

2. bury b) discarding, dumping
3. confront c) employ
4. persistence d) encounter, face
5. emotion e) endurance, continuance
6. dictate f) feeling, sensation
7. tradition g) impose, direct
8. hire h) inter, entomb, embed
9. wail i) moan, weep loudly

2. AUNT, BRIDE, GROOM, HOSTILE, HUMAN, INDIVIDUALISM, MALE, MARRIAGE,

NEPHEW, NIECE, PARENT, PARTNER, POLYGAMY, WEDDING, WIDOW

Marriage is a social institution (usually legally ratified) uniting a man and a woman in
special forms of mutual dependence, often for the purpose of founding and maintaining a
family. Marriage as a contract between a man and a woman has existed since ancient
times. Monogamy, the union of one man and one woman, is thought to be the prototype
of human marriage and its most widely accepted form, predominating also in societies
in which other forms of marriage are accepted. All other forms of marriage are generally
classed under polygamy, in which one man has several wives or one woman has several
husbands. Polygamy sometimes results in the maintenance of separate households for
each wife, although more frequently the shared-household system is employed, as with
Muslims and among many Native American tribes before the colonization of North
America.
Most marriages are preceded by a betrothal period, during which various rituals,
such as exchanges of gifts and visits, lead to the final wedding ceremony and make the
claims of the partners public. In societies where arranged marriages still predominate,
families may negotiate a dowry, future living arrangements, and other important
matters before marriage can be arranged. Most wedding ceremonies involve rituals and
symbolism that reflect the desire for fertility, such as the sprinkling of the bridal couple
with rice or the bride's adornment with orange blossom. In some societies fear of
hostile spirits leads bridal couples to wear disguises at their weddings or sometimes even
to send substitutes to the ceremony.
Fear of incest is a universal restriction to the freedom of marriage, although
definitions of incest have varied greatly throughout history. In most cases, the
prohibition extends to mother and son, father and daughter, and all offspring of the
same parents. Among certain groups, however, such as ancient Egyptian royalty,
marriages between brothers and sisters were in fact decreed by the prevailing religion.
In many societies, taboos are broadened to include marriages between uncles and

15
nieces, aunts and nephews, first cousins, and, occasionally, second cousins. The
traditional importance of marriage can also be observed in the customs surrounding
widows and widowers, such as waiting times prescribed before remarriage, the wearing
of mourning clothes, and the performance of ceremonial duties owed to the dead.
Most societies have allowed for some form of divorce, except those dominated by
religions such as Hinduism and Roman Catholicism that regard marriage as indissoluble.
The most frequently accepted grounds for divorce have been infertility, infidelity,
criminality, and insanity.
The institution of marriage has altered fundamentally in Western societies as a
result of social changes brought about by the Reformation, the Industrial Revolution, and
a growing ideology of individualism. Arranged marriages, which had been accepted
almost everywhere throughout history, eventually ceased to predominate in Western
societies. One of the most extreme applications of the custom of arranged marriages was
in pre-revolutionary China, where it was often the case that a bride and groom met for
the first time only on their wedding day. Also significant have been the legalization of
abortion, the improvement and increased accessibility of birth control, the removal of
legal and social handicaps for children of unmarried people, and changes in the accepted
concepts of male and female roles in society.

1. ratified a) alternate
2. predominating b) announce, declare
3. precede c) base, reason
4. gift d) bridal gift, dower
5. negotiate e) change, modify
6. dowry f) childlessness, sterility
7. sprinkle g) come first, go before
8. adornment h) common, accepted
9. substitute i) decoration
10. restriction j) disperse, scatter
11. extend k) legalized, approved
12. decree l) limitation, confinement
13. divorce m) miscarriage, premature birth
14. ground n) present, offering
15. infertility o) reach, enlarge
16. infidelity p) separation, release from matrimony
17. alter q) settle, bargain
18. cease r) stop, terminate
19. abortion s) unfaithfulness, adultery

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