Final Draft Curriculum Awti

ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY
Water Technology Institute
DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND

IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
Study Programme for the

Degree of Master of Science in
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
(Specialization: Sugarcane Irrigation)
Initiated by
Sugar Corporation
Curriculum committee
 Kedir Mohammed (PhD, Hydrogeological modelling), AMU
 Tuma Ayele (Ass. Prof, Soil science), AMU
 Sisay Simachew (MSc, Hydraulic engineering), AMU
 Solomon Mulugeta (MSc, irrigation engineering), SC
 Mengistu Bosie, (MSc, irrigation engineering ), SC
March 201
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M.Sc. Curriculum for Irrigation and Drainage Engineering Arbaminch Water Technology Institute
Contents
1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1. Nature of the Program ..................................................................................................................... 4
1.2. Rationale/justification for the program ........................................................................................... 6
2. PROGRAM GOAL AND OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................. 7
2.1. Program Goal .................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2. Program Objectives ......................................................................................................................... 7
3. GRADUATE PROFILE ........................................................................................................................ 8
4. ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................... 9
5. GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS ..................................................................................................... 9
6. PROGRAM DURATION AND DEGREE NOMENCLATURE ....................................................... 10
7. PROGRAM QUALITY ASSURANCE .............................................................................................. 10
8. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION METHOD .................................................... 11
9. PROGRAM PROFILE......................................................................................................................... 12
9.1 Course Coding ............................................................................................................................... 12
10.2 Course Distribution ...................................................................................................................... 13
10.3 Course Description....................................................................................................................... 14
10. GRADING SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................ 39
10.1. Course Work ............................................................................................................................... 39
10.2. Dissertation Work ....................................................................................................................... 39
11. HUMAN RESOURCES AND FACILITIES .................................................................................... 40
11.1. Staff Profile ................................................................................................................................. 40
11.3. Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................... 41
12. NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT AND SUPPORTIVE LETTERS ................................................. 41
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List of Table
Table1: Course distribution of Irrigation and drainage engineering MSc program by semester which is
designed for Sugar Corporation. .............................................................................................................. 13
Table2: Course description of Irrigation and drainage engineering MSc program by semester which is
designed for Sugar Corporation. .............................................................................................................. 14
Table 3. Course work grading system...................................................................................................... 39
Table 4. The grading scales of thesis work .............................................................................................. 39
Table 5. Academic staff from AWTI related Water/irrigation Management .......................................... 40
Table 6: Human resources (Outside of the Department) for teaching activities and Research advisor .. 41
Table 7: Human resources (from SC) for teaching activities and Research advisor ............................... 41
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1. BACKGROUND
1.1. Nature of the Program
Primary development goal of the Ethiopian government is to achieve food security and sustain high
economic and export growth levels with the aim of ending poverty (IFPRI, 2010). The overall policy
track adopted by Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) is Agricultural Development Led
Industrialization (ADLI), which states the transformation from the subsistence to an “innovative,
commercially‐oriented, and modern agriculture sector”. Agriculture plays a vital role in Ethiopia„s
national economic development as a source of livelihood, industrial raw material and employment.
Ethiopia‟s sugar sector is under control of the state-run Sugar Corporation (SC). The SC manages
production, distribution and trade of sugar. The overriding goal of the SC is to end sugar imports,
expand the country‟s export capacity, and become one of world‟s 10 largest sugar producers by 2023.
However, to crack the list of today‟s top 10 sugar producers, Ethiopia would have to produce more than
4.5 million metric tons.
Population is increasing at alarming rate - the demand for sugar provision for people become
increasingly subjected to environmental and political pressures. Considering these, the Government of
Ethiopia (GOE) has been trying its best to improve sugar productivity. As a result, the GOE, through
the SC, has made heavy investments to boost in the country‟s sugar sector capacity to produce sugar,
processing factories, the revitalization of older factories, the expansion of land under sugar cultivation,
and to expand to a point where imports will no longer be needed among which are the constructions of
new sugar.
According to SC, the estimated area of land under sugar cultivation, nearly all of which is irrigated, is
slightly over 65,000 hectares. Given the widespread use of irrigation, the impact on production from the
sugarcane growing areas of the country is expected to be negligible. Looking ahead, post anticipates
that Ethiopia‟s sugar production will continue to grow each year as processing capacity expands with
new and revitalized processing operations coming online. The major production constraints that impede
the development of the irrigation sub- sector among others are predominantly primitive nature of the
overall existing production system, shortage and increased price of agricultural inputs and limited
availability of improved irrigation technologies, limited trained manpower, inadequate capacity and
skills in the area of irrigation, inadequate extension services, particularly in irrigated agriculture.
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Shortage of trained manpower who can lead the SC, research and development, and the transfer of
technologies of the irrigation sector is another important reason for the low level of sugarcane
productivity in the SC. Higher educations are responsible for producing professionals with the skill and
competence to utilize the natural resources wisely thereby transforming the SC in particular and the
national economy at large.
Universities can contribute to the realization of the ADLI objectives by developing curricula that
strengthen manpower capacity to meet the needs of the SC. The major challenge lies in increasing
sugarcane productivity to meet the needs of an increasing population while safeguarding the
environment and sugarcane production. Nowadays, with the present increase in population and
corresponding increase in sugar demand, it becomes more difficult to have a secured sugar supply in
the future to the country.
This new and tailor-made curriculum is, therefore, designed to offer client‐friendly training aspects of
sugarcane production and environmental management to produce skilled graduates well prepared and
equipped to meet the current job market requirements in sugarcane production. This program is
designed to develop professionals that are able to understand the current filed problem, the complex
nature of irrigation and drainage system, plan, and design and supervise the construction and manage of
irrigation and drainage projects in the sugar industry. The existing curriculum was revised based on the
need of the Ethiopian sugar corporation.
The objective of this program is among others to assist the SC capacity building endeavor in irrigation
area with the view to upgrade the skills of graduate level experts in irrigation and drainage engineering.
This will help reduce dependency in foreign experts in planning, design and development of irrigation
sector of the projects. BSc graduates from the fields of irrigation and drainage engineering, hydraulic
engineering, civil engineering, water resources engineering and agricultural engineering are eligible
candidates to join the program. Upon satisfaction of the admission criteria a candidate must pass an
entrance examination that will be designed to measure the preparedness of the candidates to pursue
graduate studies.
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1.2. Rationale/justification for the program

Sustaining the production and productivity of sugarcane at high level and also to tackle future
problems, a highly skilled human resource is required for research, development and training activities
of the SC. Arba Minch University (AMU) pay vital role in development of such a highly skilled man
power to meet this needed demand of ESC. Keeping this in view, Department of Water Resources and
Irrigation and Drainage Engineering in Water Technology Institute in AMU is proposing a Master
degree program specializing in Irrigation and Drainage Engineering aiming to train the sugar
corporation staffs which are fits to the program with the latest and advanced knowledge generated in
the field of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering as well as mechanization of various operations.
Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the production and productivity of sugarcane in order to
supply sugar to achieve the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and Ethiopia‟s Climate Resilient
Green Economy strategy. This urgency certainly calls for science and technology, which can be fused
into research and development efforts. It is found to be of paramount importance in studying advances
in irrigation and drainage engineering; that solving the direct demands of SC by providing well
qualified irrigation and drainage engineers who can serve in the research and development. This MSc
Program in irrigation and drainage engineering, envisaged in order to cater competent experts whose
attitude, knowledge and skills can help the nation‟s effort in combating challenges related to irrigation
and drainage.
The program is designed to create a skilled man power which can design, manage and solve problems
of the Ethiopian sugar corporation for increasing sugar production. In part the program give main
emphasis on principles and practices of irrigation, of which importance of irrigation, ill-effects of
irrigation, sources of irrigation water, opportunities, challenges and constraints to irrigated sugarcane in
SC, soil- plant-water-relationship, irrigation methods, options for enhancing irrigation water use
efficiency, irrigation scheduling, irrigation and cropping pattern, irrigation and fertilizer use are given
prime consideration. In part two of the program included irrigation agronomic practices for irrigated
sugarcane, in which specific coverage of soil and climatic requirements of sugarcane, recommended
varieties for production, improved cultural practices, crop protection measures and harvesting
procedures.
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2. PROGRAM GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

2.1. Program Goal
The goal of the program is to contribute national need for highly qualified manpower in Irrigation
and Draining Engineering that are equipped with the necessary knowledge, skill and attitude to bring
the sugar transformation and strategies of the country into effect. Upon completion of this
specialization, the graduates are able to plan, design and implement different scales (small, medium and
large) irrigation projects, without compromising the environmental compatibility and its economic
viability.
2.2. Program Objectives

The main objectives for the launching of the MSc program in Irrigation and Draining Engineering are:
 To assist the SC capacity building endeavor in irrigation sector with the view to upgrade the
skills of undergraduate level experts in selected fields of hydropower, irrigation, hydrology,
environment and water resources management to expedite the countries development endeavors.
This will help reduce dependency in foreign experts in planning, design and development of
water resources projects.
 To assist the SC sub- sector capacity building endeavor with the view to promote sub sectorial
cooperation and collaboration, knowledge and information sharing, create group of new
generation with common attitudes and understanding towards solving common problems
pertaining to the region, such as sustainable water sharing agreements, sustenance of trans-
boundary ecological and environmental balance of the region
 knowledge of different irrigation hydraulics methodologies and application procedures that are
helpful in planning, designing and operation of irrigation structures in irrigation,
 ability to analyze and evaluate the conditions of water availability for irrigation,
 knowledge to design and evaluate different kinds of water storage, diversion and control
structures necessary for irrigation,
 knowledge to supervise the construction of irrigation projects,
 To produce highly qualified and competent specialists in Irrigation and Draining Engineering in
order to address the current demand for skilled manpower of SC.
 To train high-level professionals capable of managing practical Irrigation and Draining
Engineering related problems
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 an in-depth understanding of planning and designing of different irrigation methods and

facilities,
 Skills to critically evaluate the performance of irrigation projects and draw recommendations
for the improvement of the performance.
 To produce highly trained manpower that can serve in research and consulting firms
 To empower the internal human resource capacity of the Irrigation and Draining Engineering
 To strengthen the University–industry linkage to enhance the opportunity that MSC researches
are done on real problems facing the SC and country at large
 To enhance the training, research and consultancy capacity of the Irrigation and Draining
Engineering through publications in peer reviewed journals, books and manuals
 To foster the development of scientific knowledge, technology and innovation in Irrigation and
Draining Engineering.
3. GRADUATE PROFILE
MSc graduates in Irrigation and Draining Engineering will be employed and fill a knowledge gap in
research and academic institutions, governmental, non-governmental and private organizations and
contribute for the development of Sugar production in Ethiopia. Particularly the graduates will have the
necessary skill and knowledge to fulfill of current and future professional needs of the SC. The
graduate will have acquired all the necessary skills, knowledge and attitudes to:
 Discharge responsibilities at various capabilities in matters related to SC.
 Carryout basic and applied research either independently or in teams of multidisciplinary
methods using appropriate technologies to enhance sugar productivity.
 Upgrade traditional technologies and methods and disseminate appropriate technologies for
sugar production.
 Identify and prioritize management strategies and research option for the sugar industry for
maximizing sugar production.
 Involve in training advanced courses and provide research leadership to trainers.
 Run consultancy and coordination into the areas of irrigation and drainage engineering
applicable in sugar production.
 Set up training and research methods in the communal way of life to increase people‟s
awareness and knowledge towards Irrigation and Draining Engineering.
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 Have the ability to influence, formulate and advocate policies related to Irrigation and Draining
Engineering for sugarcane production.
4. ADMISSION REQUIREMENTS
 Students seeking admission for MSc in Irrigation and Draining Engineering program must have
BSC graduates from the fields of irrigation engineering, hydraulic engineering, civil
engineering, water resources engineering and agricultural engineering are eligible candidates to
join the program. Upon satisfaction of the admission criteria a candidate must pass an entrance
examination that will be designed to measure the preparedness of the candidates to pursue
graduate studies. Candidates requesting admission might be required to take additional bridging
/refreshment courses to compensate for the deficiencies.
 Based on the academic background and the recommendation of Graduate Studies Council
(GSC) additional courses may be taken by the students from another fields of study which are
not included above. Therefore, depending on the need of the MSc students and recommendation
from the GSC, the student can take additional courses from existing graduate program of the
University.
 Candidates are expected to submit recommendation letters, statement why they are interested in
the program, and MSc research concept note
 A letter of sponsorship for guaranteeing financial support to cover the costs of living and thesis
research work, registration and tuition fees
 The assessment of admission will be made by the Department Graduate Committee (DGC)
 The admission will be endorsed by academic institute commission (AIC) of the college and
approved by graduate council of the University
 The candidate must also meet the admission and registration policy of AWTI/AMU
 Qualified women candidates are strongly encouraged to apply in case of equal qualification;
female candidates will be given preference.
5. GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS
Eligibility of a candidate for graduation with MSc degree in Irrigation and Drainage Engineering is
subject to the fulfillment of all graduation requirements of the Program.
Candidates admitted with no deficiencies are required a minimum of 44 credit hours of course work,
with cumulative grade point average (CGPA) of 3.00 and above with two „C+‟ or only one „C‟ grade in
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all courses taken. However, a candidate admitted with deficiencies may be required to take as high as
44 credit hours depending on his/her training background and area of research. The course requirements
(number, type and total credit hours to be taken) of such a candidate shall be decided by the DGS of the
Department at the time of admission,
 Six credit hours of research work on which the candidate writes a dissertation either as a
compilation of manuscripts or in the form of a Monograph,
 Successful defense of Thesis research project and approval of the board of examiner for
completing the study program particularly the preparation of the MSc Thesis,
 Should fulfillment, all other requirements of the program and/or the University requirements.
6. PROGRAM DURATION AND DEGREE NOMENCLATURE

 The duration of the postgraduate (MSc) summer program in Irrigation and Drainage
Engineering. It is four summer years (three summer year for course work and one summer year
including winter time of thesis research work).
 Continuous registration is mandatory at the beginning of each summer semester.
 A candidate who falls to maintain a continuous registration without officially withdrawing from
the program will be considered to have dropped out. However, the candidate may be considered
for readmission with the approval of AC of the institute provided that the MSc degree can be
completed within maximum of 6 summer years.
 Upon successful completion of all the requirements lied down in this regulation a MSc
candidate will be awarded with Master of Science Degree:
Degree Nomenclature
In English: Master of Science in Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
(Specialization: Sugarcane Irrigation)
In Amharic: የሣይንስ ማስትሬት ዲግሪ በመስኖ እና ድሬይኔጅ ምህንድስና

(የሸንኮራ አገዳ መስኖ)
7. PROGRAM QUALITY ASSURANCE

 Quality assurance entails the systematic, structured and continuous attention given to the
maintenance and improvement of the quality of the program.
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 Quality assurance aims to meet and keep the training to be accepted standards of excellence,
and is essential to maintain the reputation of the institution in general and the department in
particular.
 In general, provision of the entire course is based on higher education standards and approaches
in a holistic and completely interdisciplinary manner so as to meet human resource demand.
 The quality assurance for this particular academic program also will include the following:
 Systematic development and rigorous review of the programs prior to approval and
implementation
 Ongoing assessment and improvement of the program
 Thorough cyclical review of the program on a four-year cycle, and
 Regular review and revision of the program quality assurance policies
 In order to guarantee the quality and standard of the training, the following factors will
seriously considered:
 Availability of teaching facilities and other resources
 Good planning, monitoring, and evaluation of activities and academic programs
 Effectiveness and efficiency of the management
 Examinations and various assessment methods of the teaching learning process
 Annual review of graduate student progress
 Biennial (biannual) survey or focal groups (discussion) with students
 Consultation with external examiners
 Thesis work and defense; Publication as output from the thesis
 Internal and external quality assessment
 Making use of qualified staff from national and international collaborative institution in
terms of course offering, student supervision delivering seminar etc…
8. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION METHOD

 Teaching and learning methods are based on the competence based education approach with
English medium of instruction. The instructors will look for the optimal combination of
methods in order for students to acquire the necessary competencies.
 The assessment and evaluation will be based on continuous assessment of various types:
Journal review summary, Seminar/Presentations, Project assignments/Term papers,
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Written examinations, Oral examinations, Practical and lab report.

 The above mentioned combinations will help to assess whether or not the students have
gained the competencies required in the labor market.
 Grading of students‟ performances will be through the fixed scaling system and student‟s
academic standing in each course is graded according to his/her performance while all non-
credited courses will be evaluated as pass/fail.
 Thesis Assessment - Research work, compiled into Thesis at the end, will be supervised by
Students Thesis Advisory Committee (SDAC/DGC). Progress in research work will be
evaluated at the end of 4th summer semester. At the end of his/her study, the student must
defend his/her thesis in an oral examination administered by appointed thesis defense
examination committee. The open dissertation defense shall be held at Institute of Water
Technology in AMU in the presence of well reputed external examiners in the field of the
research undertaken.
 Program Evaluation- The curriculum and the MSc program in particular shall be critically
evaluated and refined at regular intervals with the active involvement of the major stakeholders‟
vis-à-vis alumni, students, employers, staff, Higher Education Relevance and Quality Agency
(HERQA).
9. PROGRAM PROFILE
9.1 Course Coding
The course code will take the first three letters from the term “Irrigation and Drainage Engineering”
and one letter from the Summer Program (IDES), the four words being upper cases and followed by a
three digits figure. The first digit represents the year in which the course is offered, the second digit
represents course category (sequence of courses/modules), while the last digit represents the semester.
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10.2 Course Distribution

Table1: Course distribution of Irrigation and drainage engineering MSc program by semester which is
designed for Sugar Corporation.
Summer-Year I
Semester I
Tut/pra
Sl. Course Lecture
Course Name c/lab
No. Code
L T
1 IDES-611 Sugarcane irrigation agronomy 3 2 3
2 IDES-612 Advanced hydrology 3 2 3
Sustainable irrigation management for
IDES-613
3 sugarcane plantation 3 2 3
Design of irrigation systems for
IDES-614
4 sugarcane plantations – Part-I 3 2 3
5 IDES-615 Project-I on sugarcane irrigation systems 2 0 2
Semester-I total CrH 14
Summer-Year II
Semester II
Tut/pr
Sl. Course Lecture
Course Name ac/lab
No. Code
L T
Drainage system design and management
IDES-621 for sugarcane plantation 3 2 3
GIS and remote sensing for irrigation and
IDES-622 drainage Engineering 3 2 3
Design of irrigation systems for sugarcane
plantations – Part-II
IDES-623 3 2 3
IDES-624 Research methods and scientific writing 2 2 0
IDES-625 Project-II on sugarcane irrigation systems 2 0 2
Semester-II total CrH 13
Summer-Year III
Semester III
Tut/prac/l
Sl. Course Lecture
Course Name ab
No. Code
L T
Software application for irrigation
IDES-731 system design and management 3 2 3
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Problematic soils and their management

for sustainable sugarcane production
IDES-732 3 2 3
IDES-733 Designs of Hydraulics structures 3 2 3
Irrigation project planning and
IDES-734 management 2 2 0
Sem-III total CrH 11
Summer-Year IV
Semester IV
Tut/pr
Sl. Course Lecture
Course Name ac/lab
No. Code
L T
Thesis: Research work about investigation
planning, design and management on
IDES-
existing problems of the sugar industry 6
741
related to sugarcane irrigation and drainage
engineering 0 6
Semester-IV total CrH 6
Total credit hours 44
10.3 Course Description

Table2: Course description of Irrigation and drainage engineering MSc program by semester which is
designed for Sugar Corporation.
Course Title Sugarcane irrigation agronomy

Course Code IDES-733
Credit Hours 3(2+1)
Aims and The course aims to give students basic knowledge and skills of sugarcane
Objectives irrigation agronomy. After the course the students shall be able to: (a)
Understand functioning of the traditional and improved sugarcane irrigation
agronomic practices, (b) understand interactions between soil, water, plant
and atmosphere, (c) understand basic soil improvement techniques in
relation to farm water management, (d) apply concept of water, land and
crop productivity, and (e) analyze Interaction between farm water
management, irrigation methods, and farmers preferences and their
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organizational aspects
Outline 1. Introduction to sugarcane agronomy
1.1. Sugarcane plant and its growth stages
Syllabus
1.2. Productivity and distribution of sugarcane and its economic
importance
1.3. Ecological requirement
1.4. Sugarcane varieties
1.5. Sugarcane planting and planting materials
1.6. Sugarcane based cropping systems
1.7. Sugarcane ripening, quality, harvesting and supply management
1.8. Irrigated agriculture and sugarcane production
2. Soil-water-plant relationships
2.1 Role of water in sugarcane
2.2 Soil-water system
2.3 Water-plant-Atmosphere system
2.4 Soil and crop improvement methods
2.5 Crop yield response to water
3. Irrigation methods and strategies
3.1 Surface irrigation methods
3.2 Pressurized irrigation methods
3.3 Evaluation of irrigation performance
3.4 Selection of an irrigation method
3.5 Strategies to produce more crop per drop
3.5.1 Efficient irrigation methods
3.5.2 Deficit irrigation
3.6 Case study: Crop selection under water scarcity
4. Sugarcane irrigation water requirement
4.1 Sugarcane irrigation water need
4.2 Determination sugarcane irrigation water need
5. Sugarcane irrigation scheduling
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Determination of irrigation scheduling
5.2.1 Amount of water to be applied during one irrigation
5.2.2 Irrigation interval and delivery time
5.3 Irrigation scheduling using CROPWAT 8 software
5.3.1 Introduction
5.3.2 Calculation of potential evapotranspiration
5.3.3 Determination of crop and irrigation water need
5.3.4 Irrigation scheduling using CROPWAT 8 software
 5.4 Irrigation scheduling using simple practical method
5.4.1 Introduction
5.4.2 The depth of irrigation water to be applied during one irrigation
5.4.3 The net irrigation water need over the total growing season
5.4.4 The number of irrigation applications over the total growing
season
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5.4.5 The irrigation interval

5.4.6 Adjusting the irrigation schedule to peak period
6. Introduction to AquaCrop Model and its functions
6.1 Concepts, principles and simulation approaches
6.2 Data creation and data input
6.3 Simulation results and their interpretation
6.4 Integrated case study using AquaCrop
Practical Soil infiltration measurement, soil moisture content, soil texture
analysis, application of crop simulation models (CropWat, AquaCrop,
DSSAT).
Assessment Written exam (50%), assignments (20%), field report (10%), and
presentation (20%).
References 1. FAO, 2012: Status of Food security in the World, Rome, Italy.
2. FAO, 2012: World Agriculture towards 2030 and 2050, Rome, Italy.
3. P.J.M. de Laat, 2013: Soil Water Plant Relations, UNESCO-IHE
Institute for Water Education, the Netherlands.
4. Majumdar, D. K, 2000. Irrigation Engineering Principles: Soil Water
Plant Relationships. Prentice Hall of India, India.
5. FAO, 2006. Crop Evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop
water requirements. Rome, Italy.
6. Brouwer, C. and Heibloem, M., 2001. Irrigation Water Management:
7. irrigation water needs. Training manual no. 3. FAO, Rome, Italy.
8. Swennenhuis, J., 2009. CROPWAT 8 Computer Software. FAO,
9. Rome, Italy.
10. Brouwer, C., Prins, K. and Heibloem, M., 2001. Irrigation Water
management: irrigation scheduling. Training manual no. 4. FAO,
11. Rome, Italy.
12. FAO, 2013: Reference Manual AquaCrop, Rome, Italy.
Course Title Advanced Hydrology

Credit Hours 3 (2+1)
Aims and This course will present an overview of nearly all aspects of the field of
Objectives hydrology, including the hydrologic cycle, surface water (rivers and glaciers)
and groundwater.
Outline  The Hydrologic cycle and properties of water
Syllabus  Evapotranspiration and condensation
 Precipitation
 Runoff and Streams and its methods of computation
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 Runoff estimation for ungagged catchment

 Infiltration
 Design Storms: Design Precipitation Depth, Areal precipitation,
Depth, Intensity-duration-frequency(IDF) relationship, IDF Curves
 Flood Frequency Analysis
 Channel flow Routing: Muskingum method, Muskingum-Cunge
Method.
 Groundwater basics, groundwater in hydrologic cycle, Ground water
resources: Scope and occupancy
 Groundwater in Ethiopia
 Darcy's law (of groundwater flow) and Soil sieve tests
 Water table Contour Maps
 Well Design
 Determining drawdown from estimated aquifer characteristics
 Pump tests
 Groundwater velocity and practice problems
 Water Constituents & Contaminants, groundwater quality and its
monitoring
 Groundwater Modeling
Practical Applications of Hydrological models (SWAT model, HEC-families,
MODFLOW, etc.)
Assessment 30 % assignments and group work
20% mid-term test
50% final Examination
Reference 1. Bouwer, H. (1978) Ground Water Hydrology. McGraw Hill, New York.
2. Driscoll, Fletcher G. (1986) Ground Water and Wells. 2nd Edition,
Johnson Filtration Systems Inc, USA.
3. Kresic, N. (1997) Quantitive Solutions in Hydrogeology and
Groundwater Modeling. CRC-Press, USA.
4. Kruseman, G.P. & de Ridder, N.A. (1994) Analysis and Evaluation of
Pumping Test Data. 2nd Edition, ILRI, The Netherlands
5. Ragunath, H.M. (1982) Ground Water. 2nd Edition, New Age
International, New Delih.
6. Fetter, C.W., 1980. Applied Hydrogeology, E-Merril publishing
company, New York.
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nd
7. Todd, D.K. (1980) Ground Water Hydrology. 2 Edition, John Wiley
and Sons, California
Course Title Sustainable irrigation management for sugarcane plantation
Aims and This course is designed to provide in-depth knowledge and skills to students
Objectives regarding the principles, theory, and practices of sustainable irrigation water
management. The students are expected to be able to understand and plan the
best irrigation water management practices for different irrigation methods
so as to improve sugarcane productivity, water use efficiency, energy and
cost efficiency, and ensuring sustainable irrigated sugarcane agriculture.
Outline Overview of sustainability
Syllabus  Concept of sustainability
 Historical perspective of Sustainable irrigation
 The concept of sustainable irrigation system design and
management
 Strategies to achieve Sustainability
Irrigation water requirements
 Irrigation Water quality requirement
 water quality assessment for irrigation
 Irrigation methods and water quality
 Use of saline water and Soil salt balance
 Recycling and re-use of wastewater and drainage water
Irrigation Water demands
 Crop water requirement
 Net irrigation requirement,
 Special irrigation requirement – leaching and pre-irrigations
 Scheme irrigation requirement/ Gross water requirement
Performance Assessment of irrigation systems
 Rational and framework for performance diagnosis
 performance indicators
 Monitoring and evaluation of irrigation system management
concept of Irrigation water management
 Purposes and Goals of Water Resources Management
 The need for irrigation water management
 water management problems in irrigation schemes
 Fundamental Aspects of Water Resources Management
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 Principles of irrigation water management

 Strategies for Water Resources Management
 Strategies for irrigation water management
water management :Irrigation Scheduling and water delivery
 Principles of irrigation scheduling
 Benefits of proper irrigation scheduling
 Irrigation strategies –full or deficit
 Field Irrigation scheduling methods
 Delivery scheduling methods
 Determination of field irrigation scheduling for each irrigation
method
Planning and management of water delivery
 Operation at headwork
 Pump operation
 Main Canal and reservoir operation
 Secondary canals operation
 Tertiary unit or in-field system operation
water management : Measurement of soil water
 Measurement of soil water content
 Measurement of soil water potential
 Soil moisture measuring devices selection and use
 Soil water measurements in time and space
 Monitoring the soil moisture within root zone
 Monitoring salinity and solutes movement within root zone
water management: Flow measurement and control
 Flow measurement in water diversion structures
 Flow Measurement in open channels
 Flow measurement in pipes
 Flow measuring devices and structure in irrigation system
Practical Flow measurement, soil moisture measurement using feel method, soil
moisture measurement using instruments like, TDR, Tensiometers, etc.,.
Assessment  Essay 1: Irrigation water requirement (quality and quantity aspects),
irrigation strategy, and scheduling for selected sugarcane
estate/project (20%)
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 Essay 2: Irrigation water management problems and best

management practices for sustainable sugarcane agriculture,(30%)
 Final Examination, (50%)
References 1. Journal 31: 231-235. http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/204/issue/5185.htm
2. Awulachew, S.A., Aster, D.Y., Makonnen, L., Willibald, L., Mekonnen,
A., Tena, A. 2007.
3. Water resources and irrigation development in Ethiopia. IWMI Working
Paper 123. Sri Lanka Colombo
4. Awulachew, S. B., and Mekonen, A. 2011. Performance of irrigation: An
assessment at different scales in Ethiopia. Experimental Agriculture 47,
57-69.
5. Ayana, M., and Awulachew, S. B. 2009. Assessment of the performance
of Selected irrigation schemes in Ethiopia. Journal of Applied Irrigation
Science 44(1): 121-142.
6. Ayana M., Teklay G., Abate M., Eshetu F. and and Mada M. Irrigation
water pricing in Awash River Basin of Ethiopia: evaluation of its impact
On scheme-level irrigation performances and willingness to pay. African
7. Journal of Agricultural Research. 10(6), 554-565. DIO:
10.5897/AJAR2014.938.
8. Burton M. 2010. Irrigation management. Principles and practices. CABI,
UK by CPI Antony Rowe Ltd. ISBN: 978 1 84593 516 0
9. FAO. 1999. Transfer of irrigation management services. Guidelines.
Irrigation and Drainage Paper 58. Rome, Italy Jordans E. 2001. WUAs:
Framework for analysis and success factors. Lecture note. Wageningen
University.
10. Mollinga, P, with V. Narain, 2003, From participation to self-
governance. Changing approaches to Water Users Associations in canal
irrigation
11. Ubels J. 1997. Understanding the organizational and institutional
environment in development assistance. Lecture Note. Wageningen
University
12. Sakthivadivel Christopher J. Perry, Charlotte de Fraiture and WimH.
1998. Kloezen Indicators for Comparing Performance of Irrigated
13. Agricultural Systems David Molden, Colombo Siri Lanka, International
Water Management Institute
Course Title Design of irrigation systems for sugarcane plantation – Part I
Course Code IDES – 614
Aims and This course is designed to enable student acquire advanced knowledge and
Objectives practical skills for designing hydraulic structures in the intake, conveyance,
and distribution irrigation systems for both open channel and pipe flows. The
students are expected to be able to design intake structures, pump stations,
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earth and lined canals, and pipe lines and other structures such as cross-
drainage structures, siphons, flow measuring and control structure
Outline Open channel hydraulic
Pipeline Hydraulics
Syllabus
 Pipeline standards
 Basic Hydraulics & friction loss equations
 Unsteady flow in pipelines
 Pipeline selection & economics
Intake structures
 System layout and components
 Intake structures: gates, head regulator, fish ladder, and silt control
structures ( silt ejectors , settling basins , silt excluders , under slices
etc), sump, Storage units
Pumps and pump stations
 Classification of Pumps & Pumping Theory
 Design of Pump System & Pump Performance curves
 Affinity laws; combining pumps; pump operation
 Pump selection, pump installation and design of pumping stations
 Pumped Irrigation Energy & Cost
canal network
 Earth canals: main and secondary canals
 Concrete canals : main and secondary canals
 Flow measurement structures
 Flow regulating structures: distributary head regulator, cross
regulator, escapes & outlets
 Drop structures, Distribution structures , Scouring sluices, End
checks, spillways
 cross-drainage structures
 Software in canal design: Aquaterra
Pipe distribution system
 Main- line design- pump and gravity
 Sub- mains design
 Flow and pressure measurement and control devices
 Selection of Economic pipes
 water distribution system design software: EPANET,
Practical Tutorial, software application on canal design (Aquaterra, EPANET, etc.),
field observation irrigation structures.
Assessment Assignments: Design exercise for individual hydraulic structures in the
intake, conveyance, and distribution system (intake, pump station, canals,
pipes) (30%)
Design project: Designing the intake, conveyance, and distribution system
for 500 hectare sugarcane irrigation scheme (30%)
Exam : 40% (open exam)
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References
Course Title Project-I on sugarcane irrigation systems
Credit Hours 2(0+2)
Aims and In this project students are expected to understand the existing irrigation
Objectives systems in the sugar industry. Describe the existing design and management
of the irrigation schemes.
Outline
 Scheme background
Syllabus
 Design specification of the irrigation schemes
 Land suitability classification
 Irrigation methods
 Head work
 Conveyance and distribution system
 Field application system
 Drainage system
 Other water control structures and facilities
 Operational and management problems

 Seepage/leakage, water loss, overflow
 Siltation
 Water logging and salinity
 Irrigation scheduling and water delivery
 Water application strategy
 Performance evaluation
Assessment Project report: 70 %

Presentation: 30%
References 1. National Guidelines for Small Scale Irrigation Development in Ethiopia,
Ministry of Agriculture, November 2018, Addis Ababa
2. Arora, K., (2002). Irrigation, Water power and Water Resources
Engineering, 4th Edition, A.K. Jain, New Delhi.
3. Novak, P., et al. (2007). Hydraulic structures, 4th Edition, Taylor and
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Francis, London.
4. Holman, P.J Experimental Methods for Engineering, New York
5. Holman, P.J. (2001).Experimental Methods for Engineers: 7th Edition,
New Delhi.
6. The Research Method: Simplified. Iverson England, 1970
7. Heyman (1982). Stochastic Models in Operational Research New York
8. Philips (1976). Operational Research Principles and Practices New
York,
9. Das, M. N. (1979). Design and Analysis of Experiments, India
Course Title Drainage system design and management for sugarcane plantation
Aims and The course aims to provide an understanding and skill of agricultural land
Objectives drainage, surface and subsurface drainage systems as well as drainage
materials. After the completion of the course the student will be able to,
investigate, plan for agricultural land drainage and identify and design
suitable drainage types and materials.
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Outline  Introduction to agricultural land drainage, criteria for land agricultural

Syllabus drainage
 Drainage investigation
 Types of drainage system: Surface and subsurface drainage systems
 Special types of drains: Mole drain, sub soiling, bio-drains, pumped
wells and interceptor drain.
 Subsurface drainage materials and installation, Drainage outlets &
Special structures on drainage system.
 Types of equipments for layout of drainage system, Tube well drainage
 Surface and subsurface drainage system design:
 Design criteria and parameters
 Dupuit-Forchheimer theory and Boussinesq equation,
 Drainage design equations; steady and unsteady state conditions
 Energy dissipaters
 Culverts and cross-drains
 Operation and maintenance of drainage system.
 Drainage water quality assessment
 Drain water re-use
 Drain water safe disposal
Practical Measurements of hydraulic conductivity, irrigation water quality analysis,

filed visit on understanding types of drainage.

20% mid-term test
References 1. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 38., 1986.Drainage design factors. Rome
2. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 61., 2002. Agricultural drainage water
management in arid and semi-arid areas. Rome
3. Luthin , J.N., (1978). Drainage Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, New York,
USA.
4. H. P. Rit zema (editor), ILRI, (1994). Drainage Principles and Application,
Wageningen, The Netherlands, Publication no 16.
5. U.S. D.A, (1954). „Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali soils,‟
Agriculture Hand Book no 60.
6. WAPCOS/LBII, Handbook of Drainage of Irrigated Areas in India, Technical
Report no 5, New Delhi
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Course Title GIS and Remote Sensing in irrigation and drainage engineering
Aims and The aim of the course is to familiarize the students with the emerging
Objectives technologies and tools applicable in Irrigation and drainage engineering;
Land use & Soil resource management, agri-informatics, environmental soil
science, Satellite agro-meteorology, watershed and water resources
management ,hydrology and satellite data gathering techniques.
Outline  Introduction to GIS
Syllabus  Geographic Information and spatial data type
 Spatial data analysis
 Introduction to Remote Sensing
 Introduction to GPS an its application in irrigation and drainage
engineering
 Concept & issues of sustainable Agriculture:
 Land use / Land cover (LULC) Analysis; Agricultural Land Use
/Land Cover mapping – Visual/digital analysis of satellite data and
mapping accuracy assessment and LULC temporal change analysis.
 Soil Resource Mapping
 Land Evaluation; Land irrigability classification Land Evaluation:
Productivity indices and FAO method, irrigation potential index
analysis, etc.
 Crop Inventory & Assessment: (i). Remote Sensing (RS) in
agriculture: overview and importance; Need for Agri-informatics;
Spectral characteristics of crops and Spectral Vegetation Indices;
Crop discrimination and acreage estimation: Principles, remote
sensing data needs and approaches; (ii). Cropping System analysis:
Definition, issues and importance of cropping system, role of remote
sensing and GIS in mapping cropping pattern, System approaches for
cropping system analysis, etc.
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 Crop Management using GIS/RS

 Watershed Management: (i) Watershed: characterization, delineation
& codification (ii) Digital terrain (DTM) analysis: Morphometric
analysis, terrain indices, soil-hydrological analysis (iii) Soil Erosion
assessment and watershed prioritization for conservation planning:
Empirical / semi empirical erosion models (iv) Process based soil
erosion models (v) Soil conservation measures : Agronomic, soil and
mechanical (vi) Monitoring & Impact assessment of watershed
development program.
 Optimal Land use Planning: Agro ecological characterization:
Definition, concepts, traditional methods & role of RS and GIS.
 Crop yield modeling and production forecasting: Crop modeling
concepts,, Concepts of integrating RS and crop growth models,
Satellite RS and agrometeorolocal crop modeling (ii) Satellite
derived phenological metrices and indicators, Methods & techniques
(NDVI thresholding, empirical equations, spectral growth
profile),etc.
Practical Laboratory works, GIS project applicable to irrigation and drainage
problems, Remote sensing data acquisition and land suitability analysis, land
classification for irrigation suitability, Groundwater mapping, contour
mapping ….
Assessment 40 % Continuous assessment with assignment and Lab-practical
30% mid-term examination practical
References 1. Huete Alfredo (2004). Remote Sensing of Soils and Soil Processes. In:
Susan Ustin (ed.) Remote Sensing for Natural Resource Management
and Environmental Monitoring: Manual of RemoteSenasing, Vol. 4,
John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. Remote sensing applications (2009), Published by NRSC, ISRO,
Hyderabad, Chapters –2 & 4
3. Encyclopedia of soils in the environment (2007) Editor-in-chief, Daniel
Hillel, 4 volumes, Academic Press.
4. Dadhwal, V.K. ( 1999). Remote Sensing Applications for Agriculture-
Retrospective and Perspective. Proc. ISRS National Symposium on RS
26 | P a g e
applications for Natural ResourcesRetrospective and Perspective.

Bangalore, 11-22pp.
5. Singh, R.; Goyal, R.C.; Saha, S.K.; and Chhikara, R.S. (1992) Use of
satellite spectral data in crop yield estimation surveys, 13(14): 2583-
2592.
6. Scaling up in Hydrology using Remote Sensing (1996). John Wiley
Publication. Edited by J.B. Stewert, E.T. Engman, R.A. Feddes and Y.
Ken.
7. Burrough, P. A. & McDonnel, R. A. (1998): Principles of Geographical
Information Systems, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
8. Laurini, R. and Thompson, D. (1996): Fundamentals of spatial
information systems, Academic Press Limited, London.
9. Worboys, M. F. (1995): GIS – a computing perspective, Taylor and
Frances, London.
10. Rolf A., (2004): Principles of GIS, ITC educational textbook series,
Third edition, Enschede, The Netherlands.
11. Mather, P. M. (1999): Computer processing of remotely sensed images
– An introduction, Second edition, John Wiley, ChiChester.
Course Title Design of irrigation systems for sugarcane plantation – Part-II
Aims and This course is designed to enable student acquire advanced knowledge and
Objectives practical skills for selecting suitable Irrigation method and designing the
field water application system for each irrigation methods.
Outline 1.Selection of irrigation methods
Syllabus  Factors affecting selection of irrigation methods. Water quality,
 Natural conditions, Type of crop, Type of technology,
experience
 with irrigation required labour inputs, costs and benefits
 Irrigation method selection process
2.Surface irrigation design
 Soil infiltration and movement of water in furrows
 Open-ended furrow irrigation
 blocked ended furrow irrigation
 Tertiary canals and infield ditches units
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 Gated- pipe distribution system

3. Sprinkler Irrigation System
 Design and layout of Distribution System
 Design of Center Pivot System
 Design of Linear Move System
 Drag-line sprinkler
 Software tools for sprinkler system Design
 Lateral and sub lateral design
4. Drip/Trickle Irrigation System
 Concepts of Trickle System Design
 Emitter Hydraulics
 Lateral Hydraulics
 Water quality for drip irrigation
 Fertilizer injection methods
 Design of drip irrigation system
Practical Surface irrigation simulation models (SIRMOD, SRFR, WinSRFR),
IRRICAD, field observation on irrigation methods (drip irrigation,
sprinkler…)
Assessment Assignments: Irrigation method selection, Field system design exercise for
irrigation methods (40%)
Design project: selection of irrigation methods and Designing the field
irrigation system for 500 hectare irrigation scheme at particular site (30%)
References 1. Richard H. Cuenca (1989), Irrigation System Design :An Engineering
2. Approach, Prentice Hall publisher.
3. Phocaides (2000), Technical Handbook on pressurized irrigation
Techniques, FAO
4. Jack Keller and Ron D. Bliesner ( 1990 ), Sprinkler and Trickle
Irrigation.
5. Michael A.M. (1997) Irrigation Theory and practice.
6. Hansen V.E., O.W. Israelson, G.E Stringham (1997), Irrigation
Principles and practices.
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7. USDA –SCS National Engineering Hand book sprinkler and Trickle

irrigation.
Course Title Research methods and scientific writing
Credit Hours 2(2+0)
Aims and This course helps students to develop their skills for doing thesis research, in a
Objectives cross-disciplinary manner, by providing the skills and means to write their
research proposal and research result and apply the different field research
methods and design in an action research setting. Up on completion the student
is capable of designing and executing research, analyzing and interpreting
research data independently or as a team.
Outline  Research: basic concepts
Syllabus
 Methods of acquiring and validating knowledge
 Research ethics: plagiarism and its consequences
 Types of research
 based on goal or purpose of research
 based on the way research is conducted
 Research process
 Research design and planning
 Proposal writing:
 Research topic(s)
 Research question(s)
 Key questions in planning research
 Literature Review
 Work plan
 References citation
 Managing Data
 Organizing and checking data
 Verification and validation of data
 Documentation of data
 Use of computers for data management
 Sampling & sampling methods
 Data Collection: qualitative & quantitative data collection
 Experimental designs & data analysis
 Computer application: data analysis and modeling using appropriate
software application/s
 Research report writing & publications
Assessment 40% assignments
60 % Seminar work
References 1. Holman P.J., 1994. Experimental Methods for Engineering: New York
2. Holman P.J., 2001. Experimental Methods for Engineers: 7th Edition, New Delhi, 2
3. Operational Research Principles and Practices: Philips New York, 1976
29 | P a g e
4. Gomez and Gomez, 1984. Statistical procedures for Agricultural Research, 2nd
edition. An International Rice Research Institute. Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
5. Beins, B.C. and McCarthy, M.A. (2012). Research methods and statistics.1st ed.
USA: Pearson Education; 2012
6. Costello, P.J.M. (2007). Action Research. 2nd ed. London: Continuum; 2007
7. Dattalo P. (2008). Determining sample size: Balancing power, precision, and
practicality. 1st ed. USA: Oxford university press; 2008
8. Dawson, C. (2007). A practical guide to research methods: A user-friendly manual
for mastering research techniques and projects. 3rd ed. UK: howtobooks; 2007
9. Hinkelmann, K. and Kempthorne, O. (2008). Design and analysis of experiments
Volume 1 Introduction to experimental design. 2nd ed. USA: A John Wiley & Sons,
Ltd.; 2008
10. Singh, Y.K. (2006). Fundamental of research methodology and statistics. 1st ed. New
Delhi: New age International; 2006
11. Walliman N. (2011). Research methods: the basics. 1st ed. UK: Routledge; 2011
Course Title Project-II on sugarcane irrigation systems
Credit Hours 2(0+2)
Aims and In this project the students are required to suggest and develop the best design
Objectives and management solutions for the problems identified in project I.
Outline Prioritizing, analyzing and planning the project
Syllabus Design methodology/Analyze data to identify solutions
Develop the best alternative design and management solutions for the problems
Assessment Project report: 70 %
Presentation: 30 %
References 1. National Guidelines for Small Scale Irrigation Development in Ethiopia,
Ministry of Agriculture, November 2018, Addis Ababa
Francis, London.
4. Holman, P.J Experimental Methods for Engineering, New York
5. Holman, P.J. (2001).Experimental Methods for Engineers: 7th Edition, New
Delhi.
6. The Research Method: Simplified. Iverson England, 1970
7. Heyman (1982). Stochastic Models in Operational Research New York
8. Philips (1976). Operational Research Principles and Practices New York,
9. Das, M. N. (1979). Design and Analysis of Experiments, India
Course Title Software application for irrigation system design and management
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Aims and This course is aimed at teaching students on relevant computer programming
Objectives and software techniques which is applicable in irrigation engineering and
drainage management. This course will also introduce programming languages
and up-to-date software‟s applicable in IDE.
Outline  Introduction to programming languages

Syllabus  Introduction to software‟s applicable to field irrigation design and
management.
 Computer Programming with Fortran or, C++, or Matlab : learning
programming logic, syntax, I/O and File processing, data structures;
arrays, selection statements, looping, pointers (optional), subprograms
and modules.
 Smart irrigation scheduling software: software which automates and
create irrigation schedule for specific land segment or zones using a
timer and data from sensors.
 The irrigation design software‟s
 A computer program for irrigation planning and management like
CropWat , etc.
 CLIMWAT, a climatic database to be used in combination with the
computer program CROPWAT
 Aqua Crop
 Surface irrigation simulation models (SIRMOD, SRFR , WinSRFR)
 A small watershed to river basin-scale models and modeling tools like
SWAT, etc.
Practical Software application for irrigation system design and management, CropWat,
AquaCrop, Surface irrigation simulation models (SIRMOD, SRFR, WinSRFR),
A small watershed to river basin-scale models and modeling tools like SWAT.
Assessment 30 % program writing applicable to IDE assignments
30% software application in IDE assignment
References 1. Fortran 90/95 - S.T.Chapman
2. Computer Oriented Numerical Methods - V. Raja Raman
3. Anaç, M.S., Ali Ul, M., Tuzal, I.H., Anac, D., Okur B. & Hakerlerler, H.
1999. Optimum irrigation schedules for cotton under deficit irrigation
conditions. In: C. Kirda, P. Moutonnet, C. Hera, D.R Nielsen, eds.Crop Yield
Response to Deficit Irrigation. p. 196-212. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer
31 | P a g e
Academic Publishers.
4. Bazza, M. 1999. Improving irrigation management practices with water-
deficit irrigation. In: C. Kirda, P.Moutonnet, C. Hera, D.R Nielsen, eds. Crop
Yield Response to Deficit Irrigation. p. 49-71. Dordrecht,The Netherlands,
Kluwer Academic Publishers.
5. FAO. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration by R. Allen, LA. Pereira, D. Raes & M.
Smith. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56. FAO, Rome.
6. FAO 1993. CLIMWAT for CROPWAT, a climatic database for irrigation
planning and management by M. Smith. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper
No. 49. Rome.
7. FAO. 1992. CROPWAT, a computer program for irrigation planning and
management by M. Smith. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 26. Rome.
8. FAO. 1979. Yield response to water by J. Doorenbos & A. Kassam. FAO
Irrigation and Drainage Paper No.33. Rome.
9. FAO. 1977. Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements by J.
Doorenbos & W.O. Pruitt. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24. Rome.
10. Kirda, C., Moutonnet, P., Hera, C. & Nielsen, D.R. (eds.). 1999. Crop yield
response to deficit irrigation. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
11. Mohsin Iqbal, M., Mahmood Shah, S., Mohammad, W. & Nawaz, H. 1999.
Field response of potato subjected to water stress at different growth stages. In:
C. Kirda, P. Moutonnet, C. Hera, D.R Nielsen, eds. Crop yield response to
deficit irrigation. p. 213-223. Dordrecht, The Netherlands, Kluwer Academic
Publishers.
Course Title Problematic soils and their management for sustainable sugarcane
production
Credit Hours 3(2+1)
Aims and •To equip students with basic knowledge on problematic soil and their
Objectives management practices, land suitability evaluation for irrigation and
management of excess water in irrigated agriculture (agricultural drainage).
•To equip students with basic knowledge on water resources utilization for
irrigation, assessment of large-scale irrigation projects on the environment,
water measurement devices and distribution structures, evapotranspiration, and
crop and irrigation water requirement determination, methods of irrigation,
irrigation scheduling.
Outline Soil reaction; causes, development and extent of soil acidity with particular
Syllabus reference to Ethiopia; acidity induced nutrient disorders; liming, lime
requirement and liming materials. Origin, nature and properties of salt affected
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soils, extent and distribution with particular reference to Ethiopia, management

options of saline, saline-sodic, and sodic soils. The distribution and extent of
Vertisols in Ethiopia, it‟s potential for agriculture, its effects on plant growth
and management options. Soil burning and consequences, Surface crusting and
hard setting soils; volcanic ash soils and their limitations, Poisoned soils,
Marshy soils.. Salinity management in irrigated agriculture: Application of soil
amendments, irrigation with poor quality water; Drainage of irrigated lands:
Surface and subsurface drainage systems, bio-drainage; Performance evaluation
of irrigation projects: Internal and external indicators of performance.
Utilization of water resources for Irrigation: Need for sustainable water
management, irrigation management, floods and droughts, Environmental
impact assessment of irrigation projects. Irrigation management and water
requirement of crops: Crop water requirement and irrigation, Irrigation
scheduling, Irrigation efficiency, Planning irrigation for cropping systems and
water management in irrigation project areas, irrigation requirement of common
crops. Evaporation, Transpiration, Evapotranspiration, Estimating
evapotranspiration based on climatological approach, FAO Penma-Montieth
based combination formula for estimating Reference Evapotranspiration, crop
evapotranspiration, Evaluating lands for irrigation command areas: Methods of
irrigation water application: surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip
irrigation.
 Area and distribution of problem soils – acidic, saline, sodic and
degraded soils; origin and basic concept of problematic soils, and factors
responsible.
 Morphological features of saline, sodic and saline-sodic soils;
characterization of salt-affected soils - soluble salts, ESP, pH; physical,
chemical and microbiological properties.
 Management of salt-affected soils; salt tolerance of crops - mechanism
and ratings; monitoring of soil salinity in the field; management
principles for sandy, clayey, red lateritic and dry land soils.
 Acid soils and its management- nature of soil acidity, sources of soil
33 | P a g e
acidity; effect on plant growth, lime requirement of acid soils;

management of acid soils; biological sickness of soils and its
management, Acid sulphate soils and their management, calcareous
soils-problems and management and waterlogged soils- problems and
management
 Evaluating lands for irrigation command areas Methods of irrigation
water application: surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation.
 Irrigation management and water requirement of crops: Crop water
requirement and irrigation, Irrigation scheduling, Irrigation efficiency,
Planning cropping systems and water management in irrigation project
areas, irrigation requirement of common crops. Evaporation,
Transpiration, Evapotranspiration, Estimating evapotranspiration based
on climatological approach, FAO Penma-Montieth based combination
formula for estimating Reference Evapotranspiration, crop
evapotranspiration.
 Quality of irrigation water; management of brackish water for irrigation;
salt balance under irrigation; characterization of brackish waters, area
and extent; relationship in water use and quality.
 Agronomic practices in relation to irrigation; problematic soils; cropping
pattern for utilizing poor quality ground waters.
 Type, factors and processes of soil/land degradation and its impact on
soil productivity, including soil fauna, biodegradation and environment.
 Land restoration and conservation techniques - reclamation of salt-
affected soils; mine land reclamation, afforestation, erosion control,
organic products.
 Extent, diagnosis and mapping of land degradation by conventional and
modern RS-GIS tools; monitoring land degradation by fast assessment,
modern tools, land use policy, incentives and participatory approach for
reversing land degradation; global issues for twenty first century, USLE
equation and its importance.,
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Soil profile description and horizon differentiation, Soil particle analysis

(Hydrometer method), Demonstration on soil structure and measurement of soil
densities, Determination of soil consistency and soil color, Determination of
soil moisture content, Determination of soil pH and EC of different salt affected
soils; Field observation on salt affected soils and their reclamation.
Assessment Presentation (10%), Evaluation of term papers/assignments (20%), mid exam
(20%) and final exam (50%)
References 1. Humberto B. R (2008). Principles of soil conservation and management.
University of Ohio, USA Springer
2. Glenn O.S., Delmar D.F and William J.E (1996). Soil and Water
Management Systems (4th ed.) John Wiley and Sons, Inc.
3. Chapman D. (1996). Water quality assessments. A guide to the use of biota
sediments and water in Environmental monitoring. Chapman and Hall,
London
Course Title Design of hydraulic structures
Credit Hours 3(2+1)
Aims and The course is designed to develop a basic understanding of hydraulic
Objectives structures (Design of dam & diversion structures and their appurtenant). In
the first part, the engineering behavior of concrete and embankment dams
and their appurtenance structures through appreciation of the geotechnical,
geological, structural, hydraulic/ hydrological aspects relevant to dam
planning, design and construction. River training structures and flood
protection. Design & analysis of spillways, intake, scour protection and
energy dissipation structures will also be covered. In part two, it is aimed at
imparting highly technical knowledge and skill in theory and design aspects
of various diversion structures including canal design. This part also enables
students to design different types of diversion and control structures.
Outline Part-I: Dam & it’s appurtenant structures
Syllabus  An overview of dam engineering
 Types and selection of dams
 Site selection and investigation for dams and reservoirs
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 Design and analysis of Concrete

 Design & analysis of embankment dam design and construction
 Selection of type based on site investigation and assessment
 Foundation and reservoir site treatment for embankment dams
 Spillways classification and choice for various types of dams
 Design of spillways
 Flood protection and river training structures
 Energy dissipation structures
 Stilling basin and plunge pools
 Dam outlets structures
Part-II: Diversion structures and their appurtenant
 Different stages of rivers and their flow characteristics
 A critical review of silt theories for canal design
 Tractive force approach for canal design
 Schwarz- Christ offel transformation and Khosla et al. theory
 Stability analysis, hydraulic and structural design of headwork
components weir and barrage
 Design of gates, head regulator, divide wall, fish ladder, under sluices,
silt excluder
 Design of regulating structures, distributary head regulator, cross
regulator, escapes & outlets
 Basic canal design tools: stable channels and Manning's formula, alluvial
channels and Lacey's regime formula and the depth/top width ratio
 Other sediment transport theories
 Design of silt control structures; silt ejectors,
Practical Design tutorial, field observation on hydraulic structures
20% mid-term test
50% final examination
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References 1. Bhart Singh, R.S. Varshney (1995). Engineering for embankment dams,
A.A.Balkema publishers, USA.
Francis, London.
4. USBR, (1973). Design of Small Dams, 2nd Edition, US gov‟t Printing
Office, Washington D.C.
5. Creager, W.P., J.D., Justin, and J. Hinds, (1945). Engineering for Dams
(VOL I,II and III).
6. Basak N.N., (1999). Irrigation Engineering, Tata McGraw-Hill, New
Delhi.
7. Garg, S. Kumar. (2004). Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic
Structures, Khanna Publishers, India.
8. Sahasrabudhe, S.R. (1994). Irrigation Engineering and Hydraulic
Structures, Sanjeev Kumar Kataria Publishing, India.
9. Novak, P. et.al. (1997). Hydraulic Structures, E & F.N. Spon, nc.,
London, UK.
10. Lal, Pande B.B et.al. (1987), Irrigation and Water Power Engineering,
Standard Publishers Distribution, Nai Sarak, India.
11. Depweg, H.W.Th (2001). Structures in Irrigation Networks: Hydraulic
Aspects, IHE, The Netherlands.
12. Laycock A. (2007): Irrigation systems. Design, planning and
construction. CAB International, British Library, London, UK.
Course Title Irrigation project planning and management
Aims and The student is able to acquire knowledge on methodological and practical
Objectives problems of project appraisal in sugar schemes; estimation of costs and
benefits; shadow pricing; incorporation of the effects on income-
distribution; project financing. Obtain knowledge and skill of management
of irrigation projects at various stages of project cycle. Recognize the
relationships between the environment and the Projects. Able to make
economic analysis of environmental problems.
Specifically, the course will aim to:
• Expose students to important concepts and skills critical to the planning
and management of projects
• Guide students on how to plan, evaluate and manage projects.
• To understand scope management, the project life cycle, project risks, etc
 Expose and enhance application of logical framework in project
planning
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 Understand the importance of quality management in project

management
 Understand farm management process of sugarcane plantation
Outline  Agricultural projects; Concept
Syllabus  Types of projects
 Feasibility study for irrigation project
 Project cycle; Project cycle management
 Cost benefit Analysis
 Environment and project
 Sustainable development
 Project preparation
 Construction Planning and Management:
 Procurement and Contract Management
 Procurement and Contract Delivery Methods
 Procurement Management
 Contract
 Construction Contracts
 Construction Methods and Materials
 Production and Cost Estimating
 Progress and Cost Control
 Quality Control and Safety
 Irrigation Infrastructure management
20% mid-term test
20% project proposal development
Reference 1. Gittenger, J.P., 1982. Agricultural project planning, Evaluation and
Analysis
2. Van Rooyen CJ, Anandajayasekeram P, Rukuni M, Marassas C,
D‟Haese M & D‟Haese L (2001). Agricultural Project Planning and
Analysis: A Sourcebook.
3. Ponniah.A., 2004. Agricultural Project Planning and Analysis: A
Sourcebook Second edition: UP University
4. Pilcher R. (1966). Principles of Construction Management. McGraw
Hill Publishing Co Ltd
5. Lifson, N.W. and Shalfer, E.F. (1982). Decision and Risk Analysis for
Construction Management, John Wiley & Sons.
6. Degoff, R.A. and Friedman, H.A. (1985). Construction Management,
John Wiley & Son
Course Title Thesis
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Credit Hours 6(0+6)

Aims and Research work related to investigation planning, design and management of
Objectives irrigation and drainage engineering
Assessment
Reference
10. GRADING SYSTEM

10.1. Course Work
Grading system shall be common with the regulation of school of graduate studies of AMU as stated in
Table below.
Table 3. Course work grading system
Raw Mark Letter Grade Grade Points

[90, 100] A+ 4.00
[85, 90) A 4.00
[80, 85) A- 3.75
[75, 80) B+ 3.50
[70, 75) B 3.00
[65, 70) B- 2.75
+
[60, 65) C 2.50
[50, 60) C 2.00
[45, 50) C- 1.75
[40, 45) D 1.00
[30, 40) Fx 0.00
< 30 F 0.00
10.2. Dissertation Work

Based on the result of the open defense and assessment of dissertation by the board of examiners, the
thesis that is defended shall be evaluated.
Table 4. The grading scales of thesis work
Raw Mark Letter Grade Rank
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[85, 100] A Excellent

[75, 85) B+ Very good
[60, 75) B Good
[50, 60) C+ Satisfactory
< 50 C Fail
11. HUMAN RESOURCES AND FACILITIES

11.1. Staff Profile
The department currently has senior academic staff in irrigation and drainage engineering and related
fields. At present, including the expatriates, the department has 1 professor, 4 assistant professors and
the department also has human resources that enable to offer MSc program in irrigation and drainage
engineering Table below.
Table 5. Academic staff from AWTI related Water/irrigation Management
Name Level of education Academic Rank Specialization

Prof.Pratrap Singh PhD Professor Irrigation
Dr.Abdela Kemal PhD Assistant professor Hydraulics
Dr. Kedir Mohammed PhD Assistant Professor Environmental earth engineering
Dr. Guchie Gulie PhD Assistant Prof. Irrigation/ Hydrology
Dr. Besha Moges PhD Assistant Prof. Hydrology
Dr. Samuel Degalo PhD Assistant Prof. Irrigation/ Hydrology
Dr. Adane Abebe PhD Assistant Prof. Hydrology
Dr. Bogale G/Mariam PhD Assistant Prof. Hydraulic engineering
Dr.Kinfe Kassa PhD Assistant prof. Water quality
11.2 Human Resources (Outside of AWTI)

The core human resources that will be involved in the teaching activities and research advisor ship in
MSc program in irrigation and drainage engineering will be drawn from other departments of AMU
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and Ethiopia Sugar Corporation (ESC) and other government and private consultants. For example,
from Department of Plant Science and Geography:
Table 6: Human resources (Outside of the Department) for teaching activities and Research advisor
Name Level of Academic Rank Specialization
Education
Dr. Yechale Kebede PhD Assistant Prof. Land Resource Management
Dr. Dereje Tsegaye * PhD Assistant Prof. Soil Science
Mr. Tuma Ayele* MSc Assistant Prof Soil Science
Dr. Mulugeta Debele PhD Assistant Prof. Soil genesis and land evaluation
* Plant science Department staffs
Table 7: Human resources (from SC) for teaching activities and Research advisor
Name Level of Academic Rank Specialization
Education
11.3. Infrastructure
At AMU, the physical facility for all colleges has been growing to accommodate MSc programs, as a
result of which class rooms, laboratories; lath house, field experimental stations modern library, ICT,
student dormitories, etc. are in completion. The department has well equipped irrigation laboratory and
field irrigation and drainage management demonstration farm for practical sessions. PC computers and
laptops are adequately available for staff to handle their duties. In addition, sister faculties have well-
equipped laboratories that can be used for the proposed graduate program. In this regard the
collaborative work with different stakeholders will be our success to achieve the trained manpower
requirements of the SC.
12. NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT AND SUPPORTIVE LETTERS

This MSc program was initiated and requested by the sugar corporation. The following support letters
as attached for this.
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ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY

Water Technology Institute

DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES AND

Study Programme for the

1.1. Nature of the Program

1.2. Rationale/justification for the program

2. PROGRAM GOAL AND OBJECTIVES

2.2. Program Objectives

 an in-depth understanding of planning and designing of different irrigation methods and

6. PROGRAM DURATION AND DEGREE NOMENCLATURE

In Amharic: የሣይንስ ማስትሬት ዲግሪ በመስኖ እና ድሬይኔጅ ምህንድስና

7. PROGRAM QUALITY ASSURANCE

8. MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION AND EVALUATION METHOD

Written examinations, Oral examinations, Practical and lab report.

10.2 Course Distribution

Problematic soils and their management

Total credit hours 44

10.3 Course Description

Course Title Sugarcane irrigation agronomy

5.4.5 The irrigation interval

Course Title Advanced Hydrology

 Runoff estimation for ungagged catchment

 Principles of irrigation water management

 Essay 2: Irrigation water management problems and best

 Operational and management problems

Assessment Project report: 70 %

Outline  Introduction to agricultural land drainage, criteria for land agricultural

Practical Measurements of hydraulic conductivity, irrigation water quality analysis,

Assessment 30 % assignments and group work

 Crop Management using GIS/RS

applications for Natural ResourcesRetrospective and Perspective.

 Gated- pipe distribution system

7. USDA –SCS National Engineering Hand book sprinkler and Trickle

Course Code IDES-731

Outline  Introduction to programming languages

soils, extent and distribution with particular reference to Ethiopia, management

acidity; effect on plant growth, lime requirement of acid soils;

Soil profile description and horizon differentiation, Soil particle analysis

 Design and analysis of Concrete

 Understand the importance of quality management in project

Credit Hours 6(0+6)

10. GRADING SYSTEM

Table 3. Course work grading system

Raw Mark Letter Grade Grade Points

10.2. Dissertation Work

Table 4. The grading scales of thesis work

Raw Mark Letter Grade Rank

[85, 100] A Excellent

11. HUMAN RESOURCES AND FACILITIES

Table 5. Academic staff from AWTI related Water/irrigation Management

Name Level of education Academic Rank Specialization

11.2 Human Resources (Outside of AWTI)

12. NEED ASSESSMENT REPORT AND SUPPORTIVE LETTERS

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