Palopalo, Merriecris G.

BSEDMATH 13

ENRICHMENT EXAM IN STATISTICS

Please answer this exam with honesty and integrity.

1. Suppose a study is made between the following data which were obtained in a study of the
relationship between the weight and chest size of infants at birth.

Infant Weight Chest Size

(lbs) x (cm) y xy x2 y2
1 29.6 7.97 235.912 876.16 63.5209
2 30.6 8.05 246.33 936.36 64.8025
3 32.0 8.30 265.6 1024 68.89
4 29.8 8.08 240.784 888.04 65.2864
5 30.3 8.26 250.278 918.09 68.2276
6 30.4 7.61 231.344 924.16 57.9121
7 31.7 8.52 270.084 1004.89 72.5904
8 32.8 7.80 255.84 1075.84 60.84
9 27.4 7.49 205.226 750.76 56.1001
10 32.6 8.22 267.972 1062.76 67.5684
11 28.6 7.63 218.218 817.96 58.2169
12 30.9 7.74 239.166 954.81 59.9076
13 31.0 7.49 232.19 961 56.1001
14 27.2 7.20 195.84 739.84 51.84
15 30.5 8.32 253.76 930.25 69.2224
16 29.8 8.02 238.996 888.04 64.3204
17 32.7 8.07 263.889 1069.29 65.1249
18 30.3 8.07 244.521 918.09 65.1249
19 34.6 8.30 287.18 1197.16 68.89
20 32.1 7.58 243.318 1030.41 57.4564
21 31.3 7.90 247.27 979.69 62.41
22 33.9 7.74 262.386 1149.21 59.9076
23 30.4 7.75 235.6 924.16 60.0625
24 29.3 7.12 208.616 858.49 50.6944
25 29.9 7.76 232.024 894.01 60.2176
Total 769.7 196.99 6072.344 23773.47 1555.2341
a. Compute for the Pearson Product Moment Coefficient of Correlation, r.

b. Test the significance of r at 0.05 level of significance.

 The number of pairs of data is 25, so n =25. The level of significance is α = 0.05. Using
Table 11, find the critical value in the α = 0.05 column that corresponds to the row with n
= 25. The number in that column and row is 0.396. Because |r| = 0.489 > 0.396, you can
decide that the population correlation is significant. Therefore, there is enough evidence
at the 5% level of significance to conclude that there is a significant linear correlation
between the infants’ weights (lbs.) to the chest size (cm).

c. Find the equation of the regression line between infants’ weight and chest size with infants’
weight as independent variable.
 2.

Suppose that four kinds of paracetamol labeled A, B, C, and D were given to patients who
we’re complaining of headache. After the patients had taken the medicine, they were advised
to rest until the headache will be gone. Once a patient is relieved of his/her headache, he/she
reports to the nurse so as to record the length of time from the time he took the paracetamol
and the time he/she was relieved. And suppose further that the following were the data on this
experiment, measured in hours, were then recorded in hours. Perform an analysis of variance
on the table below and make a conclusion. Use 0.05 level of significance and follow the steps of
Hypothesis Testing.
Patients A B C D
1 6.1 6.3 2.9 6.4
2 6.5 7.4 3.3 6.9
3 9.3 15.0 6.0 10.3
4 8.3 12.2 5.0 9.1
5 10.1 17.2 6.7 11.3
6 9.7 16.0 6.3 10.8
7 8.0 11.5 4.8 8.8
8 8.0 11.5 4.7 8.7
9 7.0 8.7 3.8 7.5
10 10.2 17.4 6.8 11.4
11 7.5 10.2 4.3 8.1
12 6.6 7.6 3.4 7.0
13 7.3 9.6 4.1 7.9
14 8.6 13.1 5.3 9.4
15 5.7 5.2 2.6 5.9
16 7.1 9.1 3.9 7.7
17 7.5 10.0 4.2 8.1

Solution:
 3. According to research, when people smoke, the nicotine they absorb is converted to
cotinine, which can be measured. A sample of 40 smokers has a mean cotinine level of 172.5
with a standard deviation of 119. Use 0.05 level of significance, test whether this level is
significantly below 200 by following the steps of Hypothesis Testing.

Solution: Mean Difference

o Null hypothesis: μ ≥ 200
Alternative Hypothesis: μ < 200 (claim)

o level of significance = 0.05

o The critical value equivalent to -1.46 in table 4 is 0.0721

o Hence the P-value is 0.0721 > 0.05 fail to reject the null hypothesis.
o There is not enough evidence at 5% level of significance to support the claim about its
significant when it is below 200.
4. Suppose that a study of diet and age at menarche yielded the following information:

Egg Consumption
Age of Menarche Never Once per 2-4 Times per Daily
Week Week
Low 5 13 8 4
Medium 4 20 14 0
High 11 18 15 0

Test at 𝛼 = 0.05 level of significance the hypothesis of independence of the two variables using
the steps of Hypothesis Testing.

5. A team of medical practitioners conducted a structured learning lesson to individuals known

to have high LDL cholesterol levels. The lessons include topics on the importance on diet and
exercise to people with high LDL cholesterol levels. Before the sessions, a pretest was given to
those registered for the program and after the learning sessions, a posttest was administered.
The pretest and posttest carried the same questions and there were 30 questions in all.
Suppose that the results of the exams are the following:

Participant Pre-test Post-test

Result (x) Result (y) Rx Ry D D
2

1 9 10 19 18.5 0.5 0.25

2 19 22 7.5 7 0.5 0.25
3 10 10 18 18.5 -0.5 0.25
4 11 11 17 17 0 0
5 6 6 20 20 0 0
6 15 16 13.5 14.5 -1 1
7 14 16 15.5 14.5 1 1
8 19 22 7.5 7 0.5 0.25
9 14 15 15.5 16 -0.5 0.25
10 22 26 1.5 1 0.5 0.25
11 22 25 1.5 2 -0.5 0.25
12 19 22 7.5 7 0.5 0.25
13 16 18 12 12 0 0
14 20 23 4.5 4.5 0 0
15 15 17 13.5 13 0.5 0.25
16 17 19 10.5 10.5 0 0
17 19 21 7.5 9 -1.5 2.25
18 17 19 10.5 10.5 0 0
19 21 24 3 3 0 0
20 20 23 4.5 4.5 0 0
6.50
 Using Spearman rho

Interpretation: The rho value obtain is 1 which denotes a positive perfect correlation. It means
that there is a positive perfect relationship between the students’ scores in pretest to their scores
in post-test.

6. Diastolic blood pressures of individuals aged 25 to 45 were taken from City A and the
following are the data gathered:

94.1 82.7 77.2 93.4 77.5 78.5 86.8 80.1

70.0 58.4 74.3 94.4 72.2 91.5 84.2 85.9
69.2 84.2 65.7 93.7 86.4 83.9 79.2 85.6
67.3 78.9 83.7 75.8 87.5 73.4 74.9 76.0

And from City B, the following data were gathered:

83.4 88.1 75.1 75.4 100.4 83.8 86.3 97.2

98.2 77.3 100.2 77.8 84.5 76.2 87.1 91.3
72.0 80.5 72.8 88.9 81.9 94.3 87.5 90.1
80.0 93.6 78.3 95.5 87.2 91.8 75.9 86.5
82.8 98.6 85.7 77.2 85.8 86.3 82.1 92.5

Is there a difference in the population means of the diastolic blood pressures from the two
cities? Test at 0.05 level of significance following the steps of Hypothesis Testing.
 7. One group of women was taken arterial blood pressures after given low-dose aspirin.
Another group was given placebo instead of aspirin. Then the following were the data
gathered on their respective arterial blood pressures.

Arterial blood pressure on women given with low-dosed aspirin in mm Hg:

117 111 117 88 106 126

111 97 115 113 126 132
99 121 139 103 112 115
112 107 121 110 107 112

Arterial blood pressure on women given with placebo in mm Hg:

107 114 108 106

112 106 113 111
106 109 103 106
108 106 111 108
114 106 101 110

Test at 0.05 level of significance whether the arterial blood pressure on women given with
low-dosed aspirin is significantly greater than those administered with placebo? Please
follow the steps in Hypothesis Testing.

8. The body mass index is calculated by dividing a person’s weight by the square of his/her
height. That is, body mass index = weight/(height)2. This measure determines whether a person
is overweight or not. Suppose that a person is overweight if his/her body mass index is above
24 kg/m2 and a random sample of 20 individuals from a certain place have the following body
mass indices:
24.2 33.1 24.2 29.9 30.4
32.8 17.5 23.1 28.7 24.2
27.8 29.4 19.6 28.5 28.2
25.7 22.0 29.0 35.9 18.5

Would you say that the people in that place are overweight? Test at 5% level of significance
following the steps of Hypothesis Testing.

Solution: Using sign Test

o Null Hypothesis: median ≥ 24 (claim)

Alternative Hypothesis: median < 24
o The result of comparing each data entry with the hypothesized median 24 are shown
+ + + + +
+ - - + +
+ + - + +
+ - + + -

o n = 15 + 5 = 20
o At α = 0.05 and n = 20, the critical value is 5. So, x = 15. Because x = 15 greater than the critical value, it
fail to reject the null hypothesis.

o Interpretation:
There is not enough evidence at 5% level of significance to say that people in that given place are
overweight.