National Institute of Textile Engineering and Research (NITER)

Department of Industrial and Production Engineering

Level 1 Term 2
Course Code: TE-1210 Course Title: Engineering Workshop Practices
Experiment no: 5
Name of the Experiment: Study of operation and function of a Bench Drilling Machine

Introduction: The drilling machine or drill press is one of the most common and useful machine
employed in industry for producing forming and finishing holes in a workpiece. The unit
essentially consists of:

1. A spindle which turns the tool (called drill) which can be advanced in the workpiece
either automatically or by hand.

2. A work table which holds the workpiece rigidly in position.

They can perform operations other than drilling, such as counter

countersinking,
sinking, counterboring, reaming,
and tapping large or small holes.

A bench drilling machine is an upright machine which has a vertical setting for the spindle and
tool holding.

Working Principle: Drilling is the operation of producing a hole in solid material. by means of
a cutting tool called a drill or drill bit. Twist drills and flat drills are commonly used for
producing holes. Other methods include casting, punching (or piercing), and boring.

A drill press is composed of a base that supports a cocolumn,

lumn, the column in turn supports a table.
Work can be supported on the table with a vise or hold down clamps or the table can be swiveled
out of the way to allow tall work to be supported directly on the base. Height of the table can be
adjusted with a table
ble lift crank than locked I place with a table lock. The column also supports a
head containing a motor. The motor turns the spindle at a speed controlled by a variable speed
control dial. The spindle holds a drill chuck to hold the cutting tools (drill bits,
b center drills,
deburring tools etc.)

Drill press operators must know how to set up the work, set speed and feed, and provide for
coolant to get an acceptable finished product. The size or capacity of the drilling machine is
usually determined by the largest piece of stock that can be center
center-drilled
drilled (Figure 6-3).
6 For
instance, a 15-inch
inch drilling machine can center
center-drill a 30-inch-diameter
diameter piece of stock. Other
ways to determine the size of the drill press are by the largest hole that can be drilled, the
t
distance between the spindle and column, and the vertical distance between the worktable and
spindle.

1
 Figure : A standard tool bit

Principle Parts of a Bench Drilling Machine: The principle parts of a bench drilling machine
is discussed below:
1. Base: The base is a heavy casting that supports the machine structure; it provides rigid
mounting for the column and stability for the machine. The base is usually provided with holes
and slots which help to Bolt the base to a table or bench and allow the work-holding device or
the workpiece to be fastened to the base.
2. Column: The column is a vertical post that Column holds the worktable and the head
containing the driving mechanism. The column may be of round or box section.
3. Table: The table, either rectangular or round. Drill machine/press in shape supports the
workpiece and is carried by the vertical column. The surface of the table is 90-degree to the
column and it can be raised, lowered and swiveled around it. The table can be clamp/hold the
required the workpiece. Slots are provided in most tables to allow the jigs, fixtures or large
workpieces to be securely fixed directly to the table.
4. Drilling Head: The drilling head, mounted close to the top of the column, houses the driving
arrangement and variable speed pulleys. These units transmit rotary motion at different speeds to
the drill spindle. The hand feed lever is used to control the vertical movement of the spindle
sleeve and the cutting tool.

2
5. Spindle: In machine tools, a spindle is a rotating axis of the machine, which often has a shaft
at its heart. The shaft itself is called a spindle, but also, in shop-floor practice, the word often is
used metonymically to refer to the entire rotary unit, including not only the shaft itself, but its
bearings and anything attached to it.

Figure: Bench Drilling Machine