FAKULTI TEKNOLOGI KEJURUTERAAN ELEKTRIK DAN

ELEKTRONIK
UNIVERSITI TEKNIKAL MALAYSIA MELAKA

GENERATOR SYSTEM MAINTENANCE

BEEM 2395 SEMESTER 1 SESSION 2022/2023

LAB 3 : MAINS SYNCHRONIZATION (Manual Synchronization)

DATE

NAME OF GROUP MEMBERS & 1.

MATRIX NUMBER

2.

3.

4.

NAME OF INSTRUCTOR 1. NOHD YUNOS BIN ALI

EXIMINAR’S COMMENT VERIFICATION STAMP

TOTAL MARKS

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1.0 LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the end of this lab session, student should be able to :

1.1 Manually synchronise the mains with different methods :

a) Dark-lamp synchronisation
b) Bright-lamp synchronisation
c) Three-lamp synchronisation
1.2 Determine the exact point in time where synchronisation occurs using lamps
and various measuring instrument.

2.0 EQUIPMENT/COMPONENT

2.1 Experiment 1 : Manual Synchronisation

2.1.1 1 x Exciter voltage controller with de-excitation function
2.1.2 1 x Universal power supply for DC and three-phase current
2.1.3 1 x Synchronisation unit
2.1.4 1 x Power Quality meter
2.1.5 1 x Motor Protection Switch, 3 pole 1.6 – 2.5A
2.1.6 1 x Servo Machine Test System for 1-kW (D, GB, F, E)
2.1.7 1 x Three-phase Synchronous Machine with Smooth Core Rotor 1-kW

3.0 SYNOPSIS & THEORY

Please refer to the manual given.

4.0 PROCEDURE

There are 2 experiments that needs to be completed. Please follow all procedures as
in the instructions.

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4.1 Required settings (for all manual methods)

• Brake: "Synchronisation" mode

• Speed: Synchronous speed of generator (synchronous machine, 50 Hz: 1500 rpm; 60
Hz: 1800 rpm)
• Rotation direction of synchronous generator:
o The power supply exhibits a field that rotates clockwise => positive rotation
direction
o The power supply exhibits a field that does not rotate clockwise => negative
rotation direction
• Exciter voltage controller CO3301-5G: set the output voltage to 45 V approx.
o Should your mains power supply have a phase-to-phase voltage other than
400 V, the exciter voltage value needs to be adjusted accordingly.
o Additional information: Prior to mains synchronisation of the synchronous
machine, the magnitude of the generator voltage is adjusted by means of the
exciter voltage. After mains synchronisation, the power factor of the
synchronous machine can be adjusted by the exciter voltage while the
generator voltage is now being applied in parallel with the mains voltage.

Experiment 1 : Manual Synchronisation

Part A : Mains Synchronization using Dark-lamp Synchronization Method

Figure 1.0
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Experiment procedure:

4.2.1 Record the following results:

a) During synchronizing process

Line Current Line Voltage

I1 = L12 =
I2 = L23 =
I3 = L31 =

b) At torque = -1 Nm
Line Current Line Voltage Power factor (pF)

I1 = L12 =
I2 = L23 =
I3 = L31 =

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Part B : Mains Synchronization using Bright-lamp Synchronization Method

Figure 2.0

Experiment procedure :

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4.2.2 Record the following results :

a) During synchronizing process

Line Current Line Voltage

I1 = L12 =
I2 = L23 =
I3 = L31 =

b) At torque = -1 Nm
Line Current Line Voltage Power factor (pF)

I1 = L12 =
I2 = L23 =
I3 = L31 =

Part C : Mains Synchronization using Three-lamp Synchronization Method

Figure 3.0
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 Experiment procedure :

4.2.3 Record the following results :

a) During synchronising process

Line Current Line Voltage

I1 = L12 =
I2 = L23 =
I3 = L31 =

b) At torque = -1 Nm
Line Current Line Voltage Power factor (pF)

I1 = L12 =
I2 = L23 =
I3 = L31 =

5.0 Conclusion :

After the completion of experiment, what is your conclusion?

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6.0 Questions :

1. What needs to be taken into account when using the bright-lamp synchronization
method?

In the case of a bright-lamp synchronization circuit, the rotating magnetic field of the
synchronous generator plays no role at all for the purposes of synchronization.
In the case of a bright-lamp synchronization circuit, the supply is not necessarily
synchronized even if the incandescent lamps are all lit as brightly as they can be.

2. When should two phase windings of the synchronous generator be interchanged?

This measure is only required when the power network on which the generator is to be
operated has the correct clockwise rotation field direction.
In the case of a bright-lamp circuit, this should only be performed if the incandescent
lamps are not lighting up in a cycle.
Whenever the bulbs (bright-lamp and dark-lamp circuits) are lighting up in a cycle,
phase conductors need to be swapped over.

3. What happens if the generator is connected up to the mains asynchronously?

Due to the fact that there is a motor protection switch (circuit breaker) integrated into
the circuit, nothing can really happen.
If the generator is connected to the mains asynchronously, very high currents arise, as
high as if there were a short circuit and high enough to endanger both people and
equipment.