Solar MED

Name Solar MSF seawater

seawater
desalination plant
desalination plant

Capacity 5 m3/day 2 m3/day

Location Bari, Italy Japan

Desalination Multi-effect
Technology Multi stage flash
distillation

Energy System Type Solar energy Solar energy

Year Commissioned 1974 1980

Manufracturing
Company/
Responsible ATLANTIS CH -
Organisation

Still in operation?
 Solar MED seawater
Solar MSF Sea Water Desalination Sea Water Desalination desalination plant

10 m3/d 0.1 - 0.35 m3/h 10 m3/day

La Paz, Mexico Area of Hzag, Tunisia Takashima island, Japan

Multi-Stage Flashing (MSF) Distillation Multi-effect distillation

352 m2 Solar Collectors Solar Collectors Solar energy

1980 1980-1983 decommission 1981

Dornier GmbH, Germany Dornier Gmbh, Germany SASAKURA, Japan

No
Solar MED seawater Solar MSF seawater Sea Water Desalination
desalination plant desalination plant

2 m3/d 24 m3/day 7.2 m3/d

Las Barrancas, Island of Lampedusa, Italy

Black Sea, Bulgaria
Mexico

Multi-effect distillation Multi stage flash Multi-Stage Flashing (MSF)

Solar energy, 408 m2 Solar Collectors

Solar energy
Parabolic collectors

1981 1982 1983

Belmar, Italy, Contraves,

- SEDUE, D Switzerland (collectors)
AGIP Nucleare, Italy
 Solar MSF
Solar ME seawater
Sea Water Desalination seawater
desalination plant
desalination plant

10 m3/d 16 m3/dayMulti effect

22 m3/day
distillation HTE

Safat, Kuwait Kuwait Takima island, Japan

Multi effect distillation

Multi-Stage Flashing (MSF) Multi stage flash
HTE

220 m2 Solar Collectors Solar energy,

Solar energy
collectors

possible around 1983-84 1984 1984

Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research ATLANTIS CH SASAKURA, Japan

 Wind VC seawater
Solar Thermal MED Solar MSF seawater
desalination plan under
System desalination plant
fluctuating conditions

120 m³/day 42 lt/hour 20 m3/day

Umm Al Nar Test Site

close to Umm Al Nar
Valbonne, France Qatar, UMM Said
Power Station, Abu Dhabi
El Nashar

Solar Thermal MED Vapour Compression Multi stage flash

1864 m² Vacuum Tubalar Solar energy,

Wind generator
collectors Collectors

1984 (??) ~ 1985 1986

Central Salt &

Laboratoire CNRS,
Sassakura Marine Chemical
France
Research Institute

Dismatled 2005
 PV solar MSF
Solar evaporation brackish water Brackish Water Desalination seawater
desalination plant
desalination plant

400-500 lt/day 19 m3/d 40 m3/day

Guadeloupe
El Paso, Texas, U.S.19 m3/d Dependancies,
Hazeg, Sfax, Tunisia
Island of La
Desirade

Multi effect
Evaporation, Single effect process Multi-Stage Flashing (MSF) distillation, 14
effects

3,355 m2 Solar Pond Solar energy, PV,

Solar energy, Solar collectors: 80 m2
Collectors: 670 m2

1986 1987 1988

DORNIER, Germany, National

institute for Research on Rural University of Texas ENTROPIE S.A.
Engineering Water and Forestry
(INRGREF) Tunisia
 Solar Thermal
Solar pond VC,
Solar MED Solar MED seawater Multiple Effect
MED seawater
distillation plant desalination plant Humidification
desalination plant
MEH

14 m3/day 3 m3/hour 10 m3/day 2 x 500 Litres / day

Playa Santa Ines,

Yanbu, Saudi Margherita de Betancuria,
Almeria, Spain
Arabia Savoia, Italy Fuerteventura,
Spain

Solar thermal
Vapour
Multi effect Multi effects distillation, multieffect
compression, Multi
distillation 14 effects humidification
effect distillation
(MEH)

2x 18 m² solar
thermal collectors,
Solar energy, Solar Solar pond, 25.000
Solar energy solar flat plate and
parabolic collectors m2
solar evacuated
tube collector

1988 1988 1989 1992

T.A.S. GmbH,
CIEMAT, Spain, DLR, AGIP Petroli, Univ. Munich, Aguas
-
Univ. Of Munich of Rome, Italy Verdes Hulidy
Resort

Sea Water Desalination
Wind evaporation
Solar thermal multieffect
seawater desalination
humidification (MEH)
plant

48 m3/d 0,5 m³ / day 7 m3/day

Borkum Island - North Sea, Germany Sax, Al Matar, Farm Layang layang island,
Irrigation Malaysia

Mechanical Vapour Compression Solar thermal multieffect

(MVC) Evaporation
humidification (MEH)

45 kW Wind Energy Converter Solar Thermal Flat Plate Wind energy, WEC:150
collectors kW, Diesel:150 kW

1993 1994 1995

SEP:Gesellshaft fur Technische Studien

Entwicklung NORDTANK,
T.A.S. GmbH, Munich
Planung mbH, Germany DANVEST Energy
 Solar pond ME-TC
Solar evaporation brackish water
seawater
desalination plant
desalination plant

250-300 lt/day 30 m3/day

Univ. of Ancona,
Sfax, Tunisia Puerto Rico
Ancona, Italy

Multi effect Evaporation and Multi effect

condensation cycle process with distillation, Thermal Solar Still F5-200
flat plate solar collectors compression

Solar energy, Solar collectors: 56

Solar pond Solar
m2

1998 1998-1999 1999

AQUASOLAR, Germany ;Univ de Univ. of Rome “La

RSD solar water
Sfax, Tunisia Sapienza”, Rome
Wind energy VC sea
Hybrid fossil solar heated Solar MED seawater desalination
water desalination
seawater desalination plant plant
plants

50 m3/day - 600 lt/day

Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria,

ZSW, Germany
Canaria Island Spain

Multi effect distillation,

Vapour compression Multi effect Humidification
Solar still

Wind energy, WEC Solar collector Corrosion free Solar collectors

1999 1999 1999

ALFA LAVAL,
Denmark; Canary ZSW, Germany
Islands Institute of MEDRC Project, 97-BS- SODESA project?
Technology, ITC, 016
Spain

NO no
Solar distillation
Solar thermal multieffect Solar MED
seawater
humidification (MEH) desalination plant
desalination plant

0,5-10 m3/day 1 m³ / day 200 lt/day 80m³/day

Al-Hail, Seeb, Pozo Izquierdo, Santa Al Azhar Univ., Kimolos Island ,

Oman Lucia, Las Palmas-Spain Gaza Greece

Solar thermal multieffect Multi effect

Distillation (MEH) MED
humidification (MEH) distillation

New development sea

Solar energy, Flat Solar energy,
water proof solar thermal geothermal energy
plate collectors collectors
collectors

2000 2000 2000 (?) 2000

MEDRC project, T.A.S. GmbH, Bavarian

Oman, Project no: Center for applied energy
98-AS-024b research, ISE Fraunhofer - CRES
T.A.S. GmbH and Institute EU Project
ZAE Bayern SODESA

no
Solar distillation
Solar Thermal Multiple Solar thermal seawater distillation
seawater
Effect Humidification MEH plant
desalination plant

1 m3/day 1000 Litres / day 1 m3/day

Al Hail Test Site of Sultan

Muscat, Sultanate
Qaboos University, Muscat, Beni Khiar - Tunisia
of Oman
Sultanate of Oman

Distillation, 12 Solar thermal multieffect

Multi-Effect Distillation
effects humidification (MEH)

Solar energy,
collectors, 2 m2 1 x 40 m² Vacuum Flat
Solar energy, solar collectors 120 m2
PVs, 50 m2 solar Plate Collectors
pond

2001 2001 Apr-03

T.A.S. GmbH Munich,

Warmepumpen und Solartechnik
MEDRC project, Bavarian Center for applied
Service Gbr (WpSOL),,Germany/
Oman, Project no: Energy Research (ZAE
Agence Nationale des Energies
98-AS-24A Bayern), MEDRC Project
Renouvelables (ANER) , Tunisia
98-AS-024B
 Solar thermal membrane Solar thermal membrane
Solar greenhouse
distillation for seawater distillation for seawater
seawater desalination
desalination - compact desalination-compact
plant
system system

500 lt/hour 100ltr/d 100ltr/d

Pozo Izquierdo, Santa Pozo Izquierdo, Gran

Alexandria, Egypt
Lucia, Las Palmas-Spain Canaria, Spain

Membrane Distillation, fully Membrane Distillation, fully

Solar Distillation, 1 effect
solar driven solar driven

Corrosion free solar thermal Corrosion free solar thermal

Solar greenhouse collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic collectors (6m²),
80Wp Photovoltaic 80Wp

2003 2004 2005

Fraunhofer ISE, Instituto

SOLAR DEW (Holland) Fraunhofer ISE
Tecnologico de Canarias

yes yes
Solar thermal membrane Solar thermal membrane
distillation for seawater distillation for brackish
desalination -compact system desalination - compact system

100 ltr/d 100ltr/d 15l/day

Irbid, Jordan Kelaa des Sraghna, Maroc Egypt

Membrane Distillation, fully Membrane Distillation, fully

Solar Still F8-250
solar driven solar driven

Corrosion free solar thermal Corrosion free solar thermal

collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic Solar
80Wp 80Wp

2005 2005 2005

Fraunhofer ISE Fraunhofer ISE RSD solar water

yes yes
 Solar thermal membrane
Solar Thermal Multiple
distillation for seawater
Effect Humidification
desalination - two loop
MEH
system

15l/day 0,8m³/d 5000 Litres/day

Sami Rock Company

Kuba Aqaba, Jordan Jeddah, Kingdom of
Saudi Arabia

Solar thermal
Membrane Distillation, fully
Solar Still F8-251 multieffect
solar driven
humidification (MEH)

Solar thermal collectors 160 m² solar thermal

Solar
(72m²), Photovoltaic Flat Plate Collectors

2005 2005 2005

TiNOX GmbH (now

RSD solar water Fraunhofer ISE MAGE Water
Management GmbH)

no information
Solar Thermal Multiple Solar Thermal Multiple Solar thermal membrane
Effect Humidification Effect Humidification distillation for seawater
MEH MEH desalination - two loop system

5000 Litres/day 5000 Litres/day 1,6m³/d and 3m³/d

Experimental Solar
Jeddah Aviation Club,
Farm of Bin Ladin Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria,
Jeddah, Kingdom of
Group, South of Spain
Saudi Arabia
Jeddah

Solar thermal Solar thermal

Membrane Distillation, fully solar
multieffect multieffect
driven
humidification (MEH) humidification (MEH)

160 m² solar thermal 160 m² solar thermal Solar thermal collectors (90m²),
Flat Plate Collectors Flat Plate Collectors Photovoltaic

2006 2006 2006/2010

TiNOX GmbH (now TiNOX GmbH (now

Fraunhofer ISE, Instituto
MAGE Water MAGE Water
Tecnologico de Canarias
Management GmbH) Management GmbH)

upgrade in progress
 Solar thermal membrane
Solar thermal multieffect distillation for seawater Solar Thermal Multiple
humidification (MEH) desalination - compact Effect Humidification MEH
system

1 m3/day 120ltr/day 5000 Litres/day

Endurance City close to

Municipal Sporting Centre Bab Al Shams Hotel,
Tenerife, Spain
of Geroskipou, Cyprus Desert Resort 45 km
southwest of Dubai

Solar thermal multieffect Membrane Distillation, fully Solar thermal multieffect

humidification solar driven humidification (MEH)

174 m² solar thermal Flat

Corrosion free solar thermal
4.5 kWthermal (nominal) Plate Collectors, 16 m³ heat
collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic
Solar storage, 7 kWpeak PV
80Wp
System for pumps

2007 2007 2007

TiNOX GmbH, Munich

Fraunhofer ISE, SolarSpring TiNOX GmbH (now MAGE
(now MAGE Water
GmbH Water Management GmbH)
Management GmbH)

yes (2009) yes

 Solar thermal membrane
Solar thermal membrane Solar thermal membrane
distillation for seawater
distillation for seawater distillation for seawater
desalination - compact
desalination - compact system desalination - compact system
system

150ltr/d 150ltr/d 150ltr/d

Middle East Tunesia, Tunis Tunesia

Membrane Distillation, fully Membrane Distillation, fully Membrane Distillation, fully

solar driven solar driven solar driven

Corrosion free solar thermal Corrosion free solar thermal

Solar thermal collectors (6m²),
collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic
Photovoltaic 80Wp
80Wp 80Wp

2008 2010 2010

SolarSpring GmbH Fraunhofer ISE Fraunhofer ISE

yes in progress in progress

Solar thermal membrane Solar thermal membrane
distillation for seawater distillation for seawater
desalination - compact desalination - doubled compact
system system

150ltr/d 300ltr/d

Philippien Tenerife, Spain

Membrane Distillation, fully Membrane Distillation, fully solar

solar driven driven

Corrosion free solar thermal Corrosion free solar thermal

collectors (6m²), Photovoltaic collectors (12m²), Photovoltaic
80Wp 150Wp

2010 2010

SolarSpring GmbH Fraunhofer ISE

in progress in progress
Hybrid (Solar thermal / Waste heat)
membrane distillation for seawater
desalination - two loop system
Solar thermal membrane
Wind RO seawater
distillation for seawater
desalination plant
desalination - two loop system

5m³/d 5m³/d 10 m3/day

Pantelleria, Italy Namibia Canada

Membrane Distillation, hybrid driven Membrane Distillation, fully

Reverse Osmosis
(solar and waste heat) solar driven

Solar thermal collectors, Solar thermal collectors

Wind energy, WEC
Photovoltaic, Wasteheat (250m²), Photovoltaic

2010 2010 1974

Fraunhofer ISE, SolarSpring

Fraunhofer ISE -
GmbH

in progress in progress
 PV ED brackish
PV RO brackish PV RO brackish
water Sea Water
water desalination water
desalination Desalination
plant desalination plant
plant

0.71 m3/day 15 m3/day 5-7 m3/day 6 - 9 m3/d

Island of Suderoog at
Conception del
La Luz, Mexico Giza, Egypt the German Coast of
Ore, Mexico
the N. Sea

Reverse Osmosis Electrodialysis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis

2.5 kWp 5 kWp 7 kWp 6 kW Wind Energy

Photovoltaics Photovoltaics Photovoltaics Converter

1978 1979 1980 1980

Allgaier/ Hutter and

DIGASEES IONICS NREA, Egypt
GKSS
Sea Water Desalination Sea / Brackish Water Desalination

3.25 m³/d 0.5 m3/h

Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Ile du Planier (near Marseilles), France

near the Red Sea Pacific islands

Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis

8 kWp Photovoltaic
4 kW Wind Energy Converter
Generator

1982 experiment performed at Ile du

1981 Planier, 1983 experiment performed at
Pacific islands

Mobil Solar Energy Corp. Cadarache Centre, France

 Solar RO Solar RO
Brackish Water Desalination Brackish Water Desalination seawater seawater
desalination desalination
plant plant

1.5 m3/h 0.5-0.1 m3/h 15 m3/day 24 m3/day

Las Barrancas,
Cituis West Jawa, Indonesia Perth, Australia Okikawa, Japan
Mexico

Reverse Reverse
Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis
osmosis Osmosis

25 kWp Photovoltaic Generator 1.2 kWp Photovoltaic Generator Solar energy Solar energy

1982 1982 1982 1982

AEG Telefunken (PVs), Federal Mobil Solar Energy Corp.

HITACHI,
Republic of Germany, Republik Solar Energy Research Institute SEDUE
Japan
of Indonesia of W. Australia
PV RO
seawater Brackish Water Sea Water
Sea Water Desalination
desalination Desalination Desalination
plant

24 m3/day no info available 0.5-1 m3/d 5.7 m3/d

Wanoo Roadhouse,
Qatar Vancouver, Canada Doha, Qatar
Australia

Reverse
Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis
Osmosis

Photovoltai 6 kWp Photovoltaic 4.8 kWp Photovoltaic 11.2 kWp Photovoltaic

cs Generator Generator Generator

1982 1982-83 around 1983-84 possible around 1984

Mobil Solar Energy Corp. Highquest Eng.Inc.,

WSA, USA Solar Energy Research Seagold Industries Mobil Solar Energy Corp.
Institute of W. Australia Corp.
Solar RO
PV RO PV RO PV RO
brackish
seawater seawater seawater Brackish Water Sea Water
water
desalination desalination desalination Desalination Desalination
desalination
plant plant plant
plant

2 m3/day 12 m3/day 2 m3/day 3 m3/day 1-2 m3/d 10 m3/d

Tanote in Thar
Del Ore, Sant Nicola, desert, Ohsima island, Funke
Canada Canada
Mexico Italy Rajasthan City, Nagasaki
state, India

Reverse Reverse Reverse Reverse

Electrodialysis Electrodialysis
osmosis Osmosis osmosis osmosis

0.45 kWp
Photovoltaic
Photovoltai Photovoltai Photovoltai Photovoltai 25 kWp Photovoltaic
Generator,
cs cs cs cs Generator
Diesel
Generator

1984 1984 1984 1984 1986 1986

Central Salt & Hitachi Ltd. and

Marine Babcock-Hitachi Ltd.,
ANSALDO, HIGHQUES HIGHQUES
DKSS D Chemicals Nar Energy
Italy T CDN T CDN
Research Development
Institute Organisation (NEDO)
Wind RO
Solar energy RO Solar energy RO
seawater Brackish Water Wind Desalination
seawater seawater
desalination Desalination plant
desalination plant desalination plant
plant

no information
25 m3/day 20 m3/day 36 m3/day 0.95 m3/h
available

Marsa Island of
Brounsville,
Matrouh, Hirosima, Japan Hassi-Khebi, Algeria St.Nicolas, West
Texas, USA
Egypt France

Reverse
Reverse osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis
Osmosis

Wind 10 kW Wind
Solar energy, 2.59 kWp Photovoltaic
energy, Solar energy Energy Converter,
Fresnel lenses Generator
WEC Diesel Generator

1987 1987 1987 1987-1988 1988

Algerian Renewable
Energy Development no information
NREA,
HITACHI - Centre; Cadarache available
Egypt
Centre, France, AEG Desalination [2]
(PVs)
 Solar RO
Solar RO
Brackish Water Desalination brackish Solar RO seawater
seawater
water desalination plant
desalination plant
desalination

2.5 m3/h 20 m3/day 45 m3/day 5 m3/day

Yanbu, Saudi
University of Almeria, Spain Sulaibiya Marett island, Italy
Arabia

Reverse
Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis
Osmosis

23.5 kWp Photovoltaic Solar

Solar energy Solar energy
Generator energy

1988 1988 1988 1989

Junta de Andalucia;
Diputacion de Almeria;
MEMBRANE I,
ROCHEN (desalinator), - -
FILMTEC, USA
GOMAR SCL, Spain; AEG,
Germany (PVs)
Sea Water Desalination Wind RO brackish water Sea Water Sea Water
desalination plant Desalination Desalination]

no information
no information available 0.15-0.3 m3/day 2 m3/h
available

Punta Libeccio,
Island of Drenec, Marettimo Island,
Perth, Australia Lipari Island, Italy
France (north west of
Sicily), Italy

Reverse
Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis
Osmosis

9.8 kWp
Photovoltaic
10 kW Wind Energy 63 kWp Photovoltaic
Wind energy, WEC Generator,
Converter Generator
30 kW Diesel
Generator

1993
1990 1990 1991 installed but
never operated

ITALSOLAR, Italy
Sea Water Desalination (PV modules), Sea Water
Murdoch Univ., Australia
[16] ITALENERGIE SPA, Desalination [2]
L’ Aquila, Italy

no
 PV RO brackish
PV RO seawater PV EDR brackish
water Sea Water Desalination
desalination plant water Desalination
desalination plant

- 600 lt/hour 0.6 (2´ 0.3) m3/d 2.8 m3/d

Sadous Riyadh
Punta Libeccio, Florida St. Lucie Inlet
Region, Saudi Colorado, USA
Italy State Park, U.S.A.
Arabia

Reversal
Reverse Osmosis Reverse osmosis Reverse Osmosis
Electrodialysis

9.8 kWp 2.7   kWp Photovoltaic

10.89 kWp
Photovoltaics, Generator, 2.3 kWp Photovoltaics
Photovoltaics
Diesel Diesel Generator

1993 1994 1995 1995

Florida Solar Energy

KACST, Saudi Bureau of
Center, Siemens (PVs),
CESEN SPA, Italy Arabia, NREL, Reclamation,
Recovery Engineering
USA Colorado, USA
(R.O.), USA
PV RO brackish
PV RO seawater
water desalination Sea Water Desalination
desalination plant
plant

1.2 m3/day 0.2 m3/h 30 m3/day

Gillen Bore, Pozo Izquierdo, Gran

Therasia island, Greece
Australia Canaria island

Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis

4.16 kWp
15 kW Wind Energy Converter 6.6 kWp Photovoltaics
Photovoltaics

1998 (1st version)

1996 1997 2000 (2st version)
2003 (3rd version)

Vergnet, Aqua-Set, France,

Helliodynami, Greece, Loughborough Canary Islands Institute
CAT Univ., UK; Centro Marino of Technology, ITC,
Internationale, Italy; Commissariat u l’ Spain Spain
Energie Atomique, France

yes (2010)
Solar thermal membrane PV RO brackish
Wind seawater PV RO brackish
distillation for seawater water
desalination plant desalination plant
desalination desalination plant

0.2-20 m3/day 15 m3/d 250 lt/hour 100-500 lt/day

Pozo Izquierdo, Coite-Pedreiras,

Germany INETI Portugal
Gran Cnaria island Brazil

REVERSE
Membrane distillation Reverse Osmosis Reverse osmosis
OSMOSIS

1.1 kWp
Solar collectors, PV for Wind energy, 50-100 Wp
Photovoltaics,
pumping needs Vergnet, 15 kW Photovoltaics
Diesel

1999 1999 2000 2000

Canary Islands
Fraunhofer Institute, ISE, Institute of DEE-UFC, ARCE,
INETI, Portugal
Germany Technology, ITC, CEFET, Brazil
Spain

upgrade in process
(2010)
 PV ED
PV RO brackish Wind RO PV RO seawater
Wind RO brackish water
water seawater plant plant without
seawater plant desalination
desalination plant without batteries batteries
plant

600 lt/hour 43-113 m3/hour 10 m3/day 3 m3/day 50-300 gal/day

Sadous Village, Gran Canaria ,

U.K. U.K. Bahrain
Saudi Arabia Spain

Reverse
Reverse osmosis Reverse osmosis Reverse osmosis Electrodialysis
osmosis

10.08 kWp Wind energy, Wind energy, 2.4 kWp 1.32 kWp
Photovoltaics WEC WEC 2 kW Photovoltaics Photovoltaics

2001 2001 2001-2002 2001-2002 2002

MEDRC Project, Univ. of Las Univ. of

CREST, UK CREST, UK
Oman Palmas Bahrain

no
PV RO brackish PV RO brackish Autonomous desalination
water desalination plant, plant driven by solar
desalination without battery bank photovoltaic energy

500 lt/day 136 lt/hr 2,1 m3/h

White Cliffs, New

South Wales, Mesquite, Nevada Ksar Ghilène (Tunisia)
Australia

Reverse
Reverse Osmosis RO
Osmosis

150 Wp
~ 400Wp Photovoltaics 10,5 kW PV
Photovoltaics

2003 2003  2006

INSTITUTO
Centre for PV
ITN Energy Systems, TECNOLÓGICO DE
Engineering,
Denver CANARIAS / ANME and
Australia
CRDA de Kébili

 Yes
Heraklia island, Greece, Delft University, The
seawater, offshore, stand- Netherlands, seawater,
alone stand-alone

80 m3/d 5-10 m3/day 1 m3/h

AitBenhssaine village,
rural commune
Delft University, The
Heraklia island, Greece Tamaguerte in the
Netherlands
Alhaouz province,
Morocco

RO RO RO

30 kW W/T, battery bank,

commercial wind mill 4.8 kW PV
offshore wind

2007 2007/8 2008

FM21 FOUNDATION

yes
1 m3/h 1 m3/h 0.5m3/h 1 m3/h

Msaim village, Had Dra Municipality of

Municipality of Amellou, Municipality of
Commune, in the Tangarfa,
Province of Tiznit, Tangarfa, Province
Essaouira province, Province of Tiznit,
Morocco of Tiznit, Morocco
Morocco Morocco

RO RO RO RO

3.9 kW PV 4kW PV 2.5kW PV 4kW PV

2008 2008 2008 2008

Canary Islands Canary Islands

Canary Islands Institute
Institute of Institute of
FM21 FOUNDATION of Technology, ITC ,
Technology, ITC , Technology, ITC ,
Spain
Spain Spain

yes yes yes yes

 PV RO seawater desalination plant

1 m3/h 4 m3/h 6.9 m3/day 2 m3/day

Municipality of
Primary School,
Sidi Ahmed Hotel in the
Pozo Izquierdo, Gran Canaria island, Oludeniz district
Esayeh, Province Fethiye region,
Spain in the Fethiye
of Essaouira, Turkey
region, Turkey
Morocco

RO EDR Nanofiltration RO

4kW PV 6.6 kWp Photovoltaics 2.88 kW PV 2.88 kW PV

1996 (1st version) - wind energy

driven
2008 2008 2008
2008 (2st version) - PV driven

Canary Islands
Institute of Canary Islands Institute of
ITU ITU
Technology, ITC , Technology, ITC, Spain Spain
Spain

yes YES (2010) yes yes

 PV RO brackish Wind RO Wind RO
Wind mill RO
water seawater seawater
brackish water
desalination desalination desalination
desalination
plant plant plant

0.1 m3/h 50 lt/day 0.78 m3/hour 10 m3/day 15 m3/day

Hartha Village, Hamam Lif, Coconut island,

Jordan Tunisia Hawai Gran
Gran Canaria
Canaria

Reverse Reverse Reverse

RO Reverse osmosis
Osmosis Osmosis Osmosis

15 Kw Wind 15 Kw Wind
590 Wp Generator, Generator,
0.43 kW PV Wind mill
Photovoltaics mechanical hydraulic
coupling to RO coupling to RO

2008 - -

Canary Islands Canary Islands

Institute of Institute of
JUST INRST Univ. of Hawai
Technology, Technology, ITC,
ITC, Spain Spain

yes no no
 Hybrid PV -
Hybrid PV - Wind
Brackish Water Brackish Water Wind seawater
seawater desalination
Desalination Desalination desalination
plant
plant

Lavrio, Attiki, Agricultural Univ. of

~ 0.2 m3/d 0.4 m3/h
Greece Athens (AUA), Greece

Maagan Michael,
Western Australia 130-150 lt/hour 1.5-3 m3/dayr
South of Haifa, Israel

Reverse
Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis Reverse Osmosis
Osmosis

0.6 kW Wind Energy

Converter,
Wind Energy
3.5 kW Photovoltaic 3.96 PV, 1 kW
Converter, 42 kW 850 W PV, 1 kW WEC
Generator, WEC
PV, Diesel
3 kW Diesel
Generator

1988 1997 2001 2001

The Israel Electric

Corporation Ltd.
PHOTOVOLTAI
Murdoch Univ., SIEMENS (PVs),
C, TEMAK, TEMAK, AUA
Solarex World Power
CRES
Technologies Inc.
(WEC)
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