DESIGN OF WET SEDIMENT BESIN

REFERENCE CALCULATION OUTPUT

(1) Determination Type of soil:

According to Table 12.A1, the soil in the Lot 524 is loam. Hence, a
Table 12.16 wet sediment basin is chosen.

(2) Determination of Basin Dimension

Table 12.19 The required surface area is 340m2/ha and the required total volume is
510m3/ha (high runoff is selected due to bare soil condition). Figure 12.e1
illustrates the final dimension of the sediment basin.

The surface area required for the site = 340 x 0.09 = 30.6 m2 Required Surface
(Note: this is the average surface area for the settling zone volume, i.e. at Area
mid-depth). = 30.6 m2

The total basin volume required for the site = 510 x 0.09 = 45.9 m3 Required Volume
= 45.9 m3

(a) Settling Zone:

Table 12.17 The required settling zone, V1 = 22.95 m3 (half total volume) and the
selected settling zone depth, y1 = 0.6 m

Try a settling zone average width, W1 = 4.5 m

Required settling zone average length

V1 22.95
L1 = = = 8.5 m, say 9 m
W1 x y1 4.5 x 0.6

Average surface area = 4.5 x 9 = 40.5 m2

> 30.6 m2; OK

Check settling zone dimensions (Table 12.17: Basin Dimension):

L1 9
ratio = = 15
y1 0.6
< 200; OK
L1 9
ratio = = 2
W1 4.5
> 2; OK
REFERENCE CALCULATION OUTPUT

(b) Sediment Storage Zone:

The required sediment storage zone volume is half the total volume,
V2 = 22.95 m3

For a side slope, Z = 2(H):1(V), the dimensions at the top of the sediment
storage zone are,

d1
W2 = W1 – 2 x x Z = 4.5 – 2 x 0.3 x 1 = 3.9 m
2

d1
L2 = L1 – 2 x x Z = 9 – 2 x 0.3 x 1 = 8.4 m
2

The required depth for the sediment storage zone, which must be at least
0.3 m, can be calculated from the following relationship,

V2 = Z2y23 – Zy22 (W2 + L2) + y2 (W2 L2)

Which gives,

22.95 = y23 – 12.8y22 + 34.71y2

Use trial and error to find y2,

For y2 = 1.2 m V2 = 23.33 m3 y2 > 0.3 m

V2 > 22.95 m3
OK
(c) Overall Basin Sediment:

Base: Total Basin

Dimension:
y1
WB = W1 – 2 x Z x � + y2 �
2

0.6
= 4.5 – (2 x 1) x ( + 1.2) = 1.5 m WB = 1.5 m
2

y
LB = L1 – 2 x Z x � 1 + y2 �
2

0.6
= 9 – (2 x 1) x ( + 1.2) = 6 m LB = 6 m
2

Depth:
Settling Zone, y1 = 0.6 m y1 = 0.6 m
Sediment Storage Zone y2 = 1.2 m y2 = 1.2 m
Side Slope, Z = 2(H):1(V) Z = 2(H):1(V)
REFERENCE CALCULATION OUTPUT

(d) Determination of Q10

Storm Derived Parameters

Location & ARI, T
duration,
Station ID (years) λ K θ η
d
Appendix 2.B
Ibu pejabat
Table 2.B1 JPS
10 10 61.976 0.145 0.122 0.818

λTK
i=
(d+ θ)η

(61.976 x (100.145 )
= 10 = 239.1 mm/hr
((60)+ 0.122)0.818 10I
20 = 239.1 mm/hr

Table 2.6 Rational method,

Coefficient of Runoff, C = 0.5
Catchment Area, A = 0.1 ha

Eqn. 2.3 C.I.A 0.5 x 239.1 x 0.1

Q10 = = = 0.033 m3/s Q10 = 0.033 m3/s
360 360

Try with 1 orifice with diameter 0.15 m at same level. Allow head of 0.3
m from centroid of orifice

(e) Determination of Qriser

Qriser = CoAo √(2gHo)

Co = 0.6
Ao = (π x 0.152)/4 = 0.017 m2
g = 9.81
Ho = 0.3

Qriser = 0.6 x 0.017 x √ (2 x 9.81 x 0.3) = 0.026 m3/s Qriser = 0.026 m3/s

(f) Sizing spillway

Eqn. 2.6
Qreq = 0.033 – 0.026 = 0.007 m3/s
Qreq = 0.007 m3/s
Qspillway = CspBHp1.5

Csp = 1.6
B = 0.6
Hp = 0.5

Eqn. 2.10 Qspillway = 1.6 x 0.6 x 0.51.5 Qspillway = 0.34 m3/s

= 0.34 m3/s > 0.007 m3/s - OK
REFERENCE CALCULATION OUTPUT

Area = 0.1 ha
= 1000 m2

Table Time of concentration, tc = to + td

2.1 = 8.3 + 0.11
= 8.41 min

Time of overland flow, to

107 n L0.333
to = S0.2

Manning’s, n = 0.015
Length of overland flow, L = 71 m
Gradient of overland flow, S = 0.33

107 x 0.015 x 710.333

to = 0.330.2
= 8.3 min

Time of drain flow, td

n L0.333
td = 2/3 0.5
60R S
n = 0.015
L = 71 m
S = 0.33
R = A/P
Area, A = 0.5 (1.5 + 0.3) x 0.3
= 0.27/1.64 = 0.27 m2
Wetted
= 0.16 Perimeter, P = 0.3 + 0.67 + 0.67
= 1.64 m

0.015 x 71
to =
60 x 0.162/3 x 0.330.5

= 0.11 min
REFERENCE CALCULATION OUTPUT

Sizing outlet pipe

Outlet riser = 300 mm diameter

Estimated time to drain the basin = 12 hours

Average surface area, Av = Wt x Wb = 5.7 x 1.5 = 8.6 m2

Lt x Lb = 10.2 x 6 = 61.2 m2
69.8 m2

Av = 69.8/2 = 34.9 m2

2Av
Total area, AT = tc x √1.8
d √2g
2 x 34.9
= (12 x 60 x 60) x 0.6 x (√2 x 9.81) x √1.8
= 0.006 m2

Using size orifice 50 mm diameter

Aorifice = 0.00196 m2

Then the total orifice required is = 4 nos

Provide 10 nos of 50 mm diameter of orifice with 200 mm C/C

SEDIMENT BASIN PLAN

SECTION 1-1

SECTION 2-2
APPENDIX