Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Aljabar matrix
• Analisis struktur metode matrix
• Teori elastisitas
• Virtual work and energi
• Konsep metode elemen hingga
• Program komputer dan aplikasi
Aljabar Matrix
• Operasi matrix
• Matrix orthogonal
• Dekomposisi matrix
• Solusi persamaan linier simultan
• Matrix partisi dan beberapa rumus khusus
• Program komputer → operasi matrix
Definisi Matrix
• Suatu sistem persamaan linear simultan
dapat dituliskan ke dalam bentuk matrix:
2 3 2 x 4
1 1 3 y = 5
− 1 2 − 1 z 8
AX = B
• Jajaran bilangan, baik yang diberi notasi
[A], {X}, ataupun {B} disebut matrix
Definisi Matrix
• Matrix Satuan 1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
• Matrix Simetris 1 0 5
0 3 6
5 6 4
Operasi Matrix
• Penjumlahan Matrix
❑[A] + [B] = [B] + [A] → komutatif
❑[A]+[B]+[C] = ([A]+[B]) + [C] → asosiatif
• Perkalian matrix dengan skalar
❑k([A]+[B]) = k[A] + k[B]
❑k([A]+[B]) = ([A]+[B])k
Operasi Matrix
• Perkalian matrix dengan matrix
❑[A]([B]+[C]) = [A] [B] + [A] [C]
❑([A]+[B]) [C] = [A] [C] + [B] [C]
❑[A]([B]+[C]) = ([A]+[B]) [C]
❑[A][B] ≠ [B][A]
❑[A][B]=[A][C], belum tentu [B]=[C]
Analisis Struktur Metode Matrix
x ( P A) P
x = = =
E E EA
P
d (x) = x dx = dx
EA
L
P PL
L = d (x) = dx =
0
EA EA
Matrix kekakuan
elemen kle
Superposisi → hub aksi-deformasi elemen dalam sistem
koordinat lokal
− AE
f i
AE
0 0 ui
g L L
v
i 0 0 0 0 i
= − AE AE
f
j 0 0 u j
g j
0 vj
L L
0 0 0
f = k u
(e)
l
(e) (e)
1 0 −1 0
0
Matrix kekakuan elemen truss
pada koordinat lokal
k
l
(e)
=
AE 0
L − 1
0 0
0 1 0
0 0 0 0
Transformasi
koordinat
ui cos sin 0 0 U i
v
i − sin cos 0 0 Vi
=
u j 0 0 cos sin U j
j 0
v 0 − sin cos
V j
u = T U
(e) (e) (e)
Hubungan komponen lokal dan global → vektor gaya
f i cos sin 0 0 Fi
g
i − sin cos 0 0 Gi
=
fj 0 0 cos sin F j
j 0
g 0 − sin cos
G j
f = T F
(e) (e) (e)
cos sin 0 0
− sin cos 0
Te =
0 0
0
cos sin
0 0 − sin cos
e
Matrix kekakuan elemen dalam koordinat global k g
f = k u
(e)
l
(e) (e)
u = T U
(e) (e) (e)
f = T F
(e) (e) (e)
F = k U
(e) (e)
g
(e)
k = T k T
(e)
g
(e) T
l
(e) (e)
2i-1 2i 2j-1 2j
2i − 1 . . . Fi k11 k12 . . k13 k14 U i
2i . . . Gi k 21 k 22 . . k 23 k 24 Vi
. . . . . . . . . . . .
=
. . . . . . . . . . . .
2 j −1 . . . F j k31 k32 . . k33 k34 U j
2j . . .G j k 41 k 42 . . k 43 k 44
V j
F = K U
Kondisi batas Displacement dan Gaya
Kondisi Fe K11 K12 U u
=
K 22 U k
batas gaya
Kondisi batas
Fr K 21 displacement
Fe = K11 U u
The reduced equilibrium equations
F = k U
(e) (e) (e)
g
f = T k U
(e) (e) (e) (e)
f = T F
g
(e) (e) (e)
fi U i
g V
f
(e) i
= U
(e) i
=
fj U j
g j
V j
• Vektor gaya suatu elemen pada
koordinat lokal
• Tanda +/- diinterpretasikan
berdasarkan sistem koordinat lokal
Contoh (BSH-p.44)
E=2100 t/cm2
A = 35 cm2
(untuk setiap elemen)
Matrix kekakuan elemen
Elemen 1 (nodal i = 1 dan j = 2)
1 0 −1 0
0
k
l
(1)
=
AE 0
200 − 1
0 0
0 1 0
0 0 0 0
3 3 −3 − 3
k = T k T
(1) (1) T (1) (1)
=
AE 3
800 − 3
1 − 3 −1
3
g l
− 3 3
− 3 −1 3 1
Matrix kekakuan elemen
3 − 3 −3 3
k = T k T
( 2) ( 2) T ( 2) ( 2)
=
AE − 3
800 − 3
1 3 −1
− 3
g l
3 3
3 −1 − 3 1
F = k U
(e) (e)
g
(e)
Overall Stiffness Matrix
Unknown Displacements
5 6 0 −3 U 2
AE V
0 = 0 2 3 2
0 800
− 3 3 3 + (4 / 3 )
U 3
Unknown Reactions
F1 −3 − 3 − 4 / 3 U 2 − 5.000
AE
G1 = − 3 −1 0 V2 = − 1.443
G 800
3
3
−1 − 3
U 3 1.443
Member Forces
Elemen 1 (nodal i = 1 dan j = 2)
f1 − 2.887
g 0
1
= T kg U
(1) (1) (1) =
− 2.887
f2
0
g2
Aplikasi pada Plane Frame System
Matrix kekakuan elemen kl
e
f = k u
(e)
l
(e) (e)
Transformasi koordinat
u = T U
(e) (e) (e)
Analog untuk vektor gaya
f = T F
(e) (e) (e)
f = k u
(e)
l
(e) (e)
u = T U
(e) (e) (e)
f = T F
(e) (e) (e)
F = k U
(e) (e)
g
(e)
k = T k T
(e)
g
(e) T
l
(e) (e)
Contoh (BSH-p.57)
Matrix kekakuan elemen
Elemen 1 (nodal i = 1 dan j = 2)
Matrix kekakuan elemen
Elemen 2 (nodal i = 2 dan j = 3)
Overall Stiffness Matrix
Rearrangement
Rearrangement
− 4 U 2
V F1 4.611
0 = 2 G 4.859
500 1 U 2
2
M1 184.0
= 2
V =
U 2 − 0.03267 F3 U − 0. 611
G3 3
− 4.861
2
V = 0.01736
0.004581
M 3
59 . 56
2
Member Forces
Elemen 1 (nodal i = 1 dan j = 2) Elemen 2 (nodal i = 2 dan j = 3)
f1 f2
g g
1 2
m1
= T kg U
(1) (1) (1)
m2
= T
( 2)
k g( 2 ) U ( 2 )
f2 f3
g2 g3
m2
m3
Contoh (BSH-p.64)
Contoh (BSH-p.74)