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Grid Solutions
D20/D200
Technical Overview
PRPI-019
Version 3.00 Revision 10
GE Information
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
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ii PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
Contents
What’s New.....................................................................................................................................4
D20ME II Main Processor .......................................................................................................... 4
D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................................... 5
New D20/D200 I/O Peripherals .................................................................................................. 5
D20AC, AC Analog Input Peripheral ..................................................................................... 5
D20 High-Voltage Peripherals ................................................................................................ 6
D20K4Z Termination Module ................................................................................................ 6
New Power Supplies ................................................................................................................... 6
Multiple Language Support ........................................................................................................ 7
iv PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 v
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
Figures
Figure 1 D20ME II Main Processor.............................................................................................. 4
Figure 2 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ....................................................................... 5
Figure 3 GE Integrated Substation Control System...................................................................... 8
Figure 4 D20 System Architecture ............................................................................................. 11
Figure 5 Example D20 Rack Layout .......................................................................................... 12
Figure 6 D200 Substation Automation Platform ........................................................................ 13
Figure 7 D200 System Architecture ........................................................................................... 14
Figure 8 Example D200 Rack Layout ........................................................................................ 15
Figure 9 D20 Perspective Drawing ............................................................................................. 16
Figure 10 D200 Perspective Drawing ......................................................................................... 17
Figure 11 D20ME II Main Processor.......................................................................................... 18
Figure 12 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................... 19
Figure 13 D20/D200 Chassis Mounted Power Supplies............................................................. 19
Figure 14 D20A I/O Peripheral................................................................................................... 20
Figure 15 D20 Chassis (non-VME version) ............................................................................... 27
Figure 16 D20 Chassis (VME version) ....................................................................................... 27
Figure 17 D200 Chassis .............................................................................................................. 28
Figure 18 D20 Peripheral I/O Module ........................................................................................ 29
Figure 19 D20ME Block Diagram .............................................................................................. 30
Figure 20 D20/D200 Time Synchronization............................................................................... 35
Figure 21 Demodulated IRIG B Signal ...................................................................................... 35
Figure 22 D20EME (Ethernet/Memory Expansion) ................................................................... 36
Figure 23 D20 I/O Peripheral - Compression Termination ........................................................ 38
Figure 24 D20 I/O Peripheral – DB25 Termination ................................................................... 38
Figure 25 D20 I/O Peripheral – Disconnect Termination ........................................................... 39
Figure 26 D20 I/O Peripheral – Barrier Termination ................................................................. 39
Figure 27 D20 Peripheral I/O Block Diagram ............................................................................ 40
Figure 28 D20S Digital Input Peripheral .................................................................................... 44
vi PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
Tables
Table 1 D20/D200 Power Supply Replacements.......................................................................... 6
Table 2 D20/D200 Product Comparison...................................................................................... 10
Table 3 D20/D200 Power Supplies............................................................................................. 20
Table 4 D20/D200 Main Processor Specifications ..................................................................... 31
Table 5 D20/D200 Ethernet Media Types .................................................................................. 36
Table 6 D20/D200 I/O Peripherals ............................................................................................. 37
Table 7 I/O Processing ................................................................................................................. 43
Table 8 D20S Specifications ....................................................................................................... 47
Table 9 D20S Options ................................................................................................................. 47
Table 10 D20A Specifications .................................................................................................... 52
Table 11 D20A Options .............................................................................................................. 53
Table 12 D20K Specifications .................................................................................................... 56
Table 13 D20K Options .............................................................................................................. 57
Table 14 D20KI Options ............................................................................................................. 58
Table 15 D20C Daughter Boards ................................................................................................ 59
Table 16 D20C Specifications .................................................................................................... 60
Table 17 D20C Options .............................................................................................................. 61
Table 18 D20AC Features and Specifications ............................................................................ 62
Table 19 D20AC Options ........................................................................................................... 63
Table 20 D20/D200 Power Supplies........................................................................................... 65
Table 21 D20/D200 Battery Chargers ........................................................................................ 66
Table 22 D20/D200 Modems...................................................................................................... 67
Table 23 WESDAC 202/V.23 Modem Specifications ............................................................... 68
Table 24 D20/D200 Communications Links .............................................................................. 69
Table 25 D20/D200 Fiber Optic Links ....................................................................................... 79
Purpose
This document provides a technical overview of the D20/D200 Remote Terminal Unit (RTU).
The document is organized as follows:
• What’s New: This section highlights recent additions and enhancements that have been
made to the D20/D200 product line.
• 1. System Overview: This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware
and software.
• 2. Detailed Technical Description: This section provides a detailed description of the
D20/D200 hardware, software and operation.
• 3. Configuration and Maintenance Software: This section describes utilities and
applications that are available to help you configure, manage and maintain your D20/D200
system.
• 4. Application Software: This section describes some of the substation automation and
SCADA applications that are available for the D20/D200.
• 5. Frequently Asked Questions: This appendix presents answers to frequently asked
questions about the D20/D200.
• A. Specifications and Supported Standards: This appendix lists key industry
specifications with which the D20/D200 complies.
• B. Supported Host Protocols: This appendix lists SCADA host protocols supported by the
D20/D200.
• C. Supported IED Protocols: This appendix lists IED protocols supported by the
D20/D200.
• D. Power Consumption – D20 Modules This appendix lists nominal power consumption
for D20 components, for use in power calculations.
• E. D20/D200 Main Processor Compatibility: This appendix shows the compatibility of
D20 processors with the D20/D200 chassis.
• F. D.20 Link Installation: This appendix provides guidelines on planning and installing a
D.20 Link.
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 1
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
Additional Documentation
For further information about the D20/D200 product family, refer to the following documents:
• D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (994-0078)
• D20, D25, iBOX Automation Applications (PRPI-048)
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
Product Support
If you need help with any aspect of your GE Grid Solutions product, you can:
• Access the GE Grid Solutions Web site
• Search the GE Grid Solutions Technical Support library
• Contact GE Grid Solutions Technical Support
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 3
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
What’s New
GE Grid Solutions is pleased to announce the following additions to the D20/D200 product
family:
Each D20ME II RS-485 port can communicate with up to 32 devices and operate over distances up
to 4000 feet, without the use of repeaters (see note below). The D20ME II is backwards compatible
with VME and non-VME versions of the D20 chassis, and with the D200 chassis. For more
information, see section 2.2, Main Processor.
Note: The RS-485 port on the D20ME II provides no isolation and offers limited built-in
transient suppression. If you are using the D20ME II in an environment where longer cable runs
with larger transients are expected, installation of an external transient suppression device is
recommended to protect the RTU. In addition, GE recommends the installation of an external
transient suppression device when the RS-485 communication cable must be run to devices
located outside of the RTU cabinet containing the D20ME II. Contact Customer Service for
additional information.
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 5
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
Alternative
Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement
Replacement
Part Number 580-0240 580-2006 580-2007
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current ½A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 24 V/3 A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1½ A
PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
Alternative
Supply Phased Out Drop In Replacement
Replacement
Part Number 580-0241 580-2006 580-2007
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current ½A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 24 V/½ A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1½ A
Drop In Alternative
Supply Phased Out
Replacement Replacement
Part Number 580-0296 580-2004 580-2005
Input Voltage
20-60 VDC 20-60 VDC 20-60 VDC
Range
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current ½A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 24 V/½ A 24 V/3 A 48 V/1½ A
Drop In Alternative
Supply Phased Out
Replacement Replacement
Part Number 580-0297 580-2007 580-2006
Input Voltage 100–300 VDC or 100-300 VDC or 100-300 VDC or
Range 90–265 VAC 85-264 VAC 85-264 VAC
+5 V Current 5A 7A 7A
+12 V Current 1A 2A 2A
-12 V Current ½A 1A 1A
ISO V/I 48 V/1½ A 48 V/1½ A 24 V/3 A
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 7
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
1. System Overview
This section provides an overview of the D20/D200 system hardware and software. More
detailed technical information can be found in 2. Detailed Technical Description.
The D20/D200 is the heart of GE Grid Solutions’s iSCS (Integrated Substation Control System),
as illustrated in Figure 3.
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 9
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
D20 D200
Applications Software Full suite of GE Grid Solutions automation Full suite of GE Grid Solutions
application software and protocols automation application
software and protocols
Typical Number of 5-7* 5 - 7 per node *
Applications *
* Each D20/D200 application has specific memory and processing requirements. The number
of applications that can be supported is therefore system-specific, and this will be
determined during system engineering. If the applications you require are particularly
processor or memory-intensive, the number that can be supported may be less than that
shown in Table 2. Likewise, if the applications are not particularly processor or memory-
intensive, the number that can be supported may be higher than that shown. Contact GE
Grid Solutions for further information.
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 11
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
40
D20 CHASSIS
(with 7 COM ports)
UPC
30
WESDAC D20A
WESTERM D20A
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
20 DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
10
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 13
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
D200 hardware is similar in design to the D20 hardware, but it has significantly more physical
capacity. Based on a 9-slot VME chassis, the D200, illustrated in Figure 7, can support up to:
• 4 D.20 ports, each supporting up to 31 I/O peripherals, without repeaters, and 120 I/O
peripherals, with repeaters
• 49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME or D20ME II Main Processor)
• Two Ethernet channels
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
42
FAILOVER SUPPLY
40 BLANK PANEL
FAILOVER SUPPLY
BLANK PANEL
WESDAC D20S
D.20 DC INTERFACE
WESTERM D20S
DUCT PANEL
20 DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20S
WESTERM D20S
DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
10 DUCT PANEL
WESDAC D20K
WESTERM D20K
DUCT PANEL
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 15
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
1.6.1 Chassis
The D20 and D200 chassis feature a VME/Eurocard design for mounting plug-in D20 modules:
• Main Processor
• Power Supplies
• Modems
• Ethernet/Memory Expansion Module
• Media Interface Card
For convenience, maintenance ports, test points, indicators and power switches are brought out to
the front of the chassis. With VME versions of the D20 and D200 chassis, external connections
are provided through rear-mounted termination panels.
D20EME Ethernet
Memory Expansion
Module Power Supply
5.25
in
8.5 in
19.0 in
D20ME or D20ME II
Main Processor (up to 2)
Modem
Media Interface
Cards
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
10.5 in
in.
14
19 in.
D20ME or D20ME II
Main Processors Modem Slots (seven if MIC
(up to seven) installed, eight otherwise)
Media Interface Card
(MIC)
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 17
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
1.6.2.1 D20ME
The D20ME Main Processor:
• Concentrates data from substation equipment, then processes and forwards this data to the
SCADA Master
• Receives control actions from the SCADA Master and forwards these actions to substation
equipment
• Depending on the application software supported on the unit, initiates control actions based
on the status of the substation equipment
• Processes maintenance commands received through the WESMAINT port.
The D20ME interfaces with substation equipment through:
• D20 I/O Peripherals
• RS-232 ports (eight RS-232 ports per D20ME, one of which is the maintenance port)
• Ethernet ports (two per D20/D200)
1.6.2.2 D20ME II
In addition to the D20ME functionality described above, the D20ME II main processor can be
configured to support RS-485 communications on any of seven serial ports (the eighth is
reserved for the RS-232 WESMAINT port). Through each of the RS-485 serial ports, the
D20/D200 can communicate point-to-multipoint with large numbers of end devices, out to a
distance of 4000 feet.
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any
10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
• Ethernet only
• Memory only
• Ethernet and Memory
For more information, see section 2.3, Ethernet/Memory Expansion (EME) Kit.
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 19
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
For a listing of available power supplies, refer to section 2.5, D20/D200 Power Supplies and
Chargers.
1.6.5 Modems
GE Grid Solutions offers a wide range of D20/D200 modems to provide communication between
the D20/D200 and SCADA host computers or remote devices, including proprietary WESDAC
modems and third-party modems from vendors such as Telenetics® and Westermo. For more
information, see section 2.6, D20 Modems.
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
D20 I/O peripherals are available in standard and high-voltage versions. The high-voltage
versions of the peripherals are electrically more robust than the standard versions, and meet a
broader range of industry standards. These standards, which include IEC standards for
electrostatic discharge, RFI susceptibility, electrical stress, and vibration, are described in A.
Specifications and Supported Standards.
1.9 Communications
The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of
communications facilities:
• RS-232
• RS-485
• D.20 Link
• Ethernet
For a detailed description, see section 2.7, Communications.
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 21
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
1.10 Firmware
The D20/D200 software is based on a core set of software modules, collectively referred to as
the base system. The base system is programmed into the D20/D200 on-board flash memory as
firmware. Processing and data acquisition functionality is distributed between the I/O peripheral
processors, which have similar but smaller base systems, and the D20 main processor. The base
system for the D200 is commonly referred to as the CCU base system. For a detailed description,
see section 2.2.3 , Firmware.
D20/D200 base systems have the following features:
• System calls are available for user-generated software
• D20 peripheral firmware and processes
• Support of libraries and processes for a wide range of I/O devices
• Database manager facility (WESDAC Interface Node)
• Background system diagnostics
• Comprehensive diagnostic and maintenance facility support (WESMAINT)
PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 23
GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
2.1.1 General
The design of the D20/D200 packaging was driven by the following electric utility requirements:
• Environmental standards required by the power utility and resource industries
• Compliance with worldwide industry standards
• Maintainability – Minimize the requirement for, and simplify, routine maintenance
• Reliability – Maximize the Mean Time Between Failure and minimize Mean Time To
Restore
• Packaging efficiency
• Safety
To achieve these requirements, D20/D200 packaging is based on:
• Compact modules designed for industry-standard 19" (483 mm) rack mounting.
• VME/Eurocard architecture
• Front access provided on peripheral I/O modules for easy access to field terminations,
displays and auxiliary hardware
• Electronics and logic circuits are easily removed from fixed I/O termination panels, without
powering down the equipment or disconnecting field termination
• High-quality metal panels for all chassis, mountings, panels and terminations
• Corrosion-resistant finishes and anodized parts, for resistance to rust, oxidization and
scratching
• Gold-plated connectors and sockets where necessary, tin or nickel-palladium plated
connectors and sockets otherwise
• Connectors, integrated circuit sockets and terminations providing secure positive connections
• Separate termination boards for customer connections and serial I/O access
• Standard screw compression-type terminal blocks, capable of terminating a single #12 AWG
[2.05mm] wire supplied for field I/O terminations. Optional DB25 connectors, removable
terminals or customer-specified terminal blocks provide flexible termination schemes.
• Industry-standard FR-4 epoxy glass printed circuit boards, coated with solder mask
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 25
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
2.1.2 Enclosure
To meet specific customer requirements, GE offers a wide range of equipment enclosures,
including NEMA® 1, 4, 4X and 12 standard wall-mount, freestanding or swing frame cabinets.
The standard cabinet color is beige. Custom colors (e.g. ASAG/gray) are available by request. As
well, a complete line of accessories, such as lighting, AC outlets, and door locks, are available as
options.
2.1.3 Chassis
D20/D200 chassis assemblies are 19” rack-mountable and based on Eurocard/VME
(VersaModular Eurocard) standards. The chassis provides mounting and interconnection for the
following D20 modules:
• Main processors
• Power supplies
• Modems
• Ethernet/Memory expansion
• Media interface cards
Power switches, test points and indicators are mounted on the front of the D20 modules. Rear-
mounted back planes are used to interconnect the VME bus positions and to provide cable and
wire-harness interfaces.
Depending on your application, the following types of chassis are available:
• D20 Chassis (non-VME)
• D20 Chassis (VME)
• D200 Chassis (VME)
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 27
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
The logic panel contains all of the logic circuitry and active components in the peripheral I/O
module. The termination panel provides terminations for all field I/O, power, and maintenance
connections, as well as connection to the upstream and downstream D.20 links. The termination
panel is designed for flat mounting or 19” rack mounting.
PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
Acrylic Display
Cover
el
ic Pan
og
A CL
SD
WE
Terminal Blocks
el
Pan
n
tio
m ina
r
Te
RM
STE
Metal Mounting WE
Plate
2.1.5 Environmental
Typical operating temperature range of -10°C to +55°C and a relative humidity range of 0 to
95%, non-condensing.
Note: At higher extremes of the temperature and humidity operating ranges (i.e., when
temperature and humidity are both high), occasional errors may be observed on RS-
485/D.20 links; however, packets with errors are detected and retransmitted by the data
communications protocol. The net result is error-free communications.
Storage conditions, with equipment de-energised: temperature range of -40°C to +80°C (0°C to
+70°C for Graphics Display) and relative humidity less than 95%, non-condensing.
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 29
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
2.2.1 Hardware
The D20ME is an advanced, single board, VME-bus-compatible central processing unit. It uses a
real-time multi-tasking operating system that supports all standard SCADA/EMS related
functions and advanced custom applications. It features high-speed CMOS logic devices that
ensure low power consumption, noise immunity and reliability.
Local Interrupts
INTERRUPT
CONTROL
VME Interrupts
VME BUS
MEMORY VME Bus
INTERFACE
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
The D20ME consists of five distinct interacting circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 19.
• CPU/Control performs data processing, device addressing and system control. The D20ME
uses an MC68030 32-bit microprocessor, which is capable of addressing up to four
megabytes of on-board memory or four gigabytes when used in conjunction with external
memory accessible via the VME bus interface. Also included in this block are address
decoding, clock and control signal generation, asynchronous control, power
monitor/watchdog timer/reset, status output port and diagnostic/debug facilities.
• Memory consists of memory components and circuits. The D20ME uses boot EPROM and
three banks of four sets of memory devices (static RAM, non-volatile RAM, and flash)
providing up to 1.5 MB, 0.5 MB, and 2 MB respectively of on-board memory.
• Interrupt Control consists of an interrupt handler designed specifically for the VME bus. It
operates in conjunction with a VME bus controller, and determines the importance of, and
controls, interrupts from the serial ports, the D.20 Link HDLC chip, and the real-time clock.
• Serial I/O is the communications center of the D20ME. It consists of two D.20 HDLC
communications ports, one RS-232 9600 baud maintenance port and seven byte-oriented
asynchronous RS-232 communication ports. The seven serial ports, all of which are
programmable, are used for communication with SCADA/EMS master stations and/or other
serial devices, such as printers and IEDs. The HDLC port handles a bit-oriented D.20
protocol structure for communicating with the D20 I/O peripheral.
• VME Bus Interface. The D20ME operates as the VME bus master to allow it to interface to,
control and arbitrate the VME bus.
Item Description
CPU/Memory • 32-bit Freescale 68030 microprocessor
• 40 MHz MPU clock
• Real-time clock, 1.0 ms resolution accurate to ±2.0 ppm
• On-board memory
− 2 MB Flash memory
− 2 MB SRAM (incl. 512 K battery back up)
− 512 KB BootROM
Self Diagnostics • Program memory checksums
• RAM test
• Configuration verification
• Interrupt controller verification
• Serial port test
• Watchdog and power monitor
• Peripheral communication checks
• Error logger
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 31
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
Item Description
Communications • Two HDLC ports for link to peripheral modules
• The D20ME has seven programmable RS-232 serial ports for communications to SCADA
master, satellite RTUs and IEDs. The D20ME II has seven programmable serial ports,
any combination of RS-232 and RS-485.
• 38,400 kbps on all 7 ports, all running half duplex & 100% utilization (D20ME and D20ME
II)
• 9600 baud, RS-232 maintenance port (D20ME and D20ME II)
• Support leased/dial-up telephone lines, modems, 900 MHz radio, trunked radio, spread
spectrum radio, microwave, and fiber optic communications.
Power Requirements • Power consumption: 3.5 W typical, 5 W max.
Physical • LED indications: Run/Halt and System Fail
2.2.3 Firmware
The D20ME contains two types of firmware: BootROM and flash applications. BootROM
contains the software needed to start up a D20 and diagnostic applications. Application software
consists of a base system that includes the operating system, hardware-dependent software, and
applications that are modular and hardware-independent so they can run on multiple platforms
(D20, D25 and iBOX, for example).
2.2.3.1 BootROM
BootROM firmware is stored on an EPROM chip. The following types of programs are stored as
BootROM firmware:
• Operating system
• Boot-up (reset) code
• Device drivers
• IRQ controller initialization
• Interrupt service procedures
• Monitor functions
• Root process
• Watchdog task
Operating System
The D20ME operating system is pSOS®. pSOS is a real-time, multi-tasking operating system
kernel, with the following features:
• Integrated, multi-tasking with a structured efficient supervisory layer
• Priority scheduling of processes in coordination with other tasks. User applications are
partitioned into sets of processes
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
GE Information PRPI-019-3.00-10 33
D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
PRPI-019-3.00-10 GE Information
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
One of the D20ME/ME II serial ports is connected to the demodulated IRIG B port (IRIG,
InterRange Instrumentation Group) of a GPS receiver (or other device), as illustrated in Figure
20. The D20ME/ME II obtains accurate time information from the GPS receiver then regularly
distributes this information to the connected substation devices that require it. For example, the
D20ME/ME II can distribute time information to DNP3 serial outstations capable of DNP3 time
synchronization.
GPS Satellites
GPS Reciever
IRIG-B
D20ME Processor
0 10 20 30 40 50
1 2 4 8 10 20 40 1 2 4 8 10 20 40 1 2 4 8 10 20 1 2 4 8 10 20 40 80 100 200
P0 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5
50 60 70 80 90 100
0 1 2 3 4
2 2 2 2 2 25 26 27 28 29 210 211 212 213 214 215 216
P6 P7 P8 P9 P10
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D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
The IRIG B format supports the time of day (hours, minutes, seconds) and the day of the year.
The day of the year is the elapsed day starting from January 1st, and is reported as a number from
1 to 365 (366 for leap years). Year information is not provided by the IRIG B signal. Accuracy to
milliseconds is obtained by tagging the leading edge of the pulse train to the time defined by the
pulse train.
The D20EME allows VME-based D20 and D200 systems to be connected directly to any
10 Mbps Ethernet-based network. Available configurations of the D20EME module include:
• Ethernet only
• Memory only
• Ethernet and Memory
Memory configurations come equipped with 8 MB of battery-backed static RAM. This additional
memory increases the amount of historical data, and the size of the database, that can be
maintained by the D20/D200. Memory capacity can be upgraded to 16 MB, through the
installation of an additional memory module.
Ethernet configurations are equipped with two independent 10 Mbps Ethernet channels. A Media
Interface Card provides the physical Ethernet interface. Several versions of the MIC are
available, depending on the Ethernet format.
10BASE-T Provides two RJ-45 connectors for connecting to CAT5, or greater, UTP cabling
10BASE2 Provides two BNC connectors for connecting to thin coax cabling
10BASE-FL Provides two ST-style connectors for directly connecting to a single or multi-mode glass or
plastic fiber optic cable
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D20/D200 Technical Overview GE Grid Solutions
• DB25: Field wiring is terminated onto the D20 I/O peripheral through DB25 connectors, as
illustrated below:
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
• Disconnect: Field wiring is terminated onto plug-on terminator blocks (#12 AWG [2.05mm]
max, blade screwdriver - 0.6 x 3.5 x 100 mm), which then mate with board-mounted headers
on the D20 I/O Peripheral. This is illustrated in Figure 25, with the board-mounted header
shown on the right, and the cable plug shown on the left.
• Barrier: Field wiring is terminated onto barrier terminals (#10 AWG [2.59mm] max, #6-32
screws) on the D20 I/O peripheral, as illustrated below:
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2.4.3 Hardware
D20 I/O peripherals consist of four distinct circuit blocks, as shown in Figure 27.
D20 A
MCU CONTROL 32 Analog Inputs
D20 S
64 Digital Inputs
Data Address and I/O
Control Buses D20 K
32 Control Outputs
D20C
16 Digital Inputs
8 Control Outputs
Optional:
16 Analog Inputs or
8 Analog Inputs and
8 Analog Outputs
20 - 60 VDC
+12 V
-12 V Channel 1
POWER D.20 HDLC Ports
+5 V SERIAL I/O
SUPPLY Channel 2
(backup)
Maintenance
Port
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
In addition to the above, each D20 I/O Module is equipped with module-specific status
indicators.
2.4.4 Firmware
There are two main types of peripheral I/O software: common code and base-application code.
Similar to the D20 main processor software, peripheral software is installed as firmware on the
modules. Common code is resident in the peripheral modules, and device-specific base
applications are stored in the D20 main processor then downloaded to the peripheral modules at
boot-up.
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Real-Time Executive
The operating system of the peripheral units is a real-time executive, which controls process
scheduling, and resource and interrupt management. The real-time executive controls three basic
processes: watchdog, diagnostics and maintenance facility. It also controls some application
processes downloaded from the D20/D200.
The real-time executive supports pausing, time-outs and suspension of the maintenance process
while maintenance port operations are in progress. A limited number of monitor (debugging)
functions are available as development tools for creating new code for peripherals.
Watchdog and Reset Code
The 68HC11 microcomputer chip on the peripherals includes a built-in watchdog to help protect
against software failures. The reset code also performs the initialization in the peripherals.
Diagnostics
The diagnostic processes, governed by the real-time executive, include a sub-routine that
performs checks specific to the peripheral type.
Device Drivers
Peripheral modules have two device drivers:
• Serial Port, a serial communications interface which allows the connection of a VT100
terminal or PC for running maintenance facilities.
• HDLC drives the HDLC protocol controller for the D.20 Link between the D20 main
processor and I/O peripherals.
Peripheral Communications
The resident peripheral communication process functions continuously, requesting and receiving
data from the I/O peripherals, then forwarding these over the HDLC link to the D20 main
processor. Module-specific applications and configurations are downloaded to the D20 I/O
peripherals as required. Communication failures between the D20 main processor and D20 I/O
peripherals are logged and reported to the master if required.
Common Code Interface
The Common Code Interface provides quick and easy access to various programs making up the
peripheral common code. This interface reduces the size of the application code that is
downloaded from the D20/D200 by using a jump-table at a fixed address in the peripheral
module. The jump-table accesses the peripheral module library resources, executive entry points,
display functions and keyboard input/output for the maintenance port.
Promaint
Similar to WESMAINT on the D20 main processor, Promaint is the maintenance facility for the
peripheral modules. Promaint combines maintenance and monitor functions. The maintenance
portion is used to view data, or to verify that the module is functioning correctly by, for example,
forcing a control point and then checking to see whether the control operation took effect.
The monitor facility is designed to interpret commands from the maintenance port, such as
storing data to memory. It can also execute various application-dependent commands once an
application program has been downloaded from the D20/D200.
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Library Resources
The peripheral module library resources contain several general-purpose conversion routines.
Type Description
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The D20S Digital Input Peripheral, illustrated above, obtains and processes digital input states
from field devices. Changes of state in the digital inputs are reported to the D20 main processor
for further processing, over the high-speed D.20 Link.
Note: D20C peripherals are also able to process digital inputs. Digital input processing on the
D20C is the same as that on the D20 S. More information on the D20C is provided in
section 2.4.10 , D20C Combination I/O Peripheral.
The D20S logic module plugs directly into a D20S termination panel equipped with screw
compression type terminals for field terminations. The D20S termination panel is jumper
configurable, so that contact wetting can be supplied from either the D20S power source or from
an external source. Wetting voltage is fused and monitored.
The D20S can accept up to 64 digital inputs, each of which can be configured from a
downloaded database to be processed as one of the following:
• Status and alarm inputs
• Status inputs with change of state detection (COS)
• Sequence of events (SOE) using time-tagged COS
• Binary-Coded Decimal or parallel inputs
• Pulse accumulator or counter inputs
• Pulse duration inputs.
The 64 digital inputs are organized in eight groups of eight electrically isolated inputs, each
group with a common return. Each input is photo coupled and can accept inputs of 24, 48 or 130
V DC of any polarity. The microprocessor scans each input at one millisecond intervals and
provides selectable debounce of 4 to 255 ms. Changes are time-tagged to a resolution of one
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
millisecond and placed in a first in - first out (FIFO) buffer for transmission to the D20 main
processor. Refer to Figure 29.
Time-tagged changes are reported in chronological order. Non-time-tagged changes are placed in
a separate FIFO buffer and reported upon request. An anti-chatter filter function prevents one or
more chattering points from filling the FIFO buffer. Each COS and SOE FIFO buffer is 256
events long.
9 - 16
17 - 24
Parallel
Peripheral 25 - 32
Interface
33 - 40
PPI
41 - 48
49 - 56
57 - 64
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Item Description
Processor 8-bit Freescale 68HC11 MPU
Clock 2 MHz MPU clock
Memory • 32 KB EPROM
• 24 KB static RAM
• 512 bytes EEPROM
Inputs 64 bipolar inputs in 8 groups of 8
Point Types • Status/alarm with COS detection
• SOE
• Form A or Form C pulse accumulator (16-bit binary counter)
• Binary coded decimal
• Pulse duration
Current Burden ±3 to ±6 mA per input
Scan Rate 1.0 ms
Debounce Selectable 0 to 255 ms
SOE Time Resolution 1.0 ms
Contact Wetting ±12, ±24, ±48, ±125 V
Overload Rating 500 VDC (common mode to ground)
Component Isolation Rating 1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating 1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 20-60 VDC, 3 W typical
Size 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
LED Indicators • Common LEDs, described in Section 2.2.1 , Hardware.
• For each input point, a RED LED to indicate the ON/OFF state of
the point.
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517-0219 D20SX 64 channel digital input termination board with separable compression blocks.
517-0327 D20SB 64 channel input termination board with barrier strips.
517-0330 D20SDI 24V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0331 D20SDI 48V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0262 D20SDI 125V, 64 channel digital input termination board with DB25 connectors
517-0241 D20SZ 48V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with compression
blocks.
517-0249 D20SZ 110V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with
compression blocks.
517-0266 D20SZ 220V, 64 channel digital input, high voltage termination board with
compression blocks.
The D20A Analog Input Peripheral, illustrated above, is a 32-point analog input interface
module. The D20A, which is capable of processing standard voltage and current inputs
continuously, has the following features:
• Programmable Input Ranges: A programmable gain instrument amplifier permits
programming of voltage input ranges. Ranges are stored in RAM on a per-point basis. (+/- 1,
+/-5, +/- 10 V scale).
• Variable Scan Rate: Programmable scan rate from 17.2 to 20.5 ms (50/60 Hz) on a per
module basis.
• 32 Differential Analog Inputs and eight internal references using synchronous integrating-
type analog-to-digital (A/D) converters
• A/D Conversion provides excellent normal-mode rejection characteristics while maintaining
very good response times (approximately 550 ms total).
The D20A logic module plugs directly into a D20A termination panel, which provides three
screw compression type terminals for each input (+, -, shield) and sockets for analog scaling
networks. Provision is made for configuring analog loop supplies from the D20A power source,
or externally. Loop voltage is fused.
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The analog input section consists of a filter and solid-state multiplexer, a variable-gain amplifier,
an integrating voltage-to-frequency converter, a programmable timer, a CPU time register and
miscellaneous support circuitry. Figure 31 is a block diagram of the analog input peripheral.
9 - 16
PPI
17 - 24
Opto
PGA
Gain 25 - 32
Ranges
Select
0.5
1
5 Voltage
References Analog Input Ranges
0, +/-1, +/-5, +/-10 10 V 50 mA
5 V 20 mA
1 V 10 mA
PGA Temperature
5 mA
Transducer
PTM Reference
1 mA
Voltage to
Frequency
Converter Legend
MCU.......... Microcontroller Unit
OPTO........ Optical Isolator
PTM...........Programmable Timer Module
MCU SYNC OPTO PPR OPTO PPI............ Parallel Peripheral Interface
PPR...........Pulse Position Resolver
+12V
Switch Mode
50/60 Hz
Power Supply
Clock
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Analog Inputs
The D20A analog input module is capable of handling 32 differential analog inputs. The
conversion process is performed using a +/- 5 V full scale voltage only, with a software
controlled programmable gain amplifier providing full-scale input voltage ranges of +/- 1.0 V,
+/- 5.0 V and +/- 10 V on any input. Any required current input is accommodated using precision
shunt-resistor analog-scaling networks on each input. Adaptors at the input of each analog point
convert current and unusual voltage inputs to the required 1, 5 or 10 V full-scale input. Refer to
the Index for a list of available analog input adapters.
Conversion
After the input has been appropriately scaled, it is fed into a voltage-to-frequency converter. To
reject line noise (NMR), the output frequency is counted over a 50 or 60 Hz period (user
configurable). This value is compared to the microprocessor count over the same period to obtain
a raw analog count. It is this raw analog value that is converted to a 14-bit (plus sign) number
(the digitized raw analog value) representing the input voltage. The microprocessor can convert
all of the 32 inputs within a scan period of 550 ms (60 Hz) to 656 ms (50 Hz.)
Voltage References
The D20A uses a high-precision voltage reference chip to provide seven on-board references for
auto-calibration. After a specified number of scans (user configurable), the microprocessor
converts each of the references. The new calculated reference values are then stored over the
previously converted values in the reference data table. If the new values are within a certain
range (user configurable) of the old values, they are kept. If they are out of this range, an error is
reported.
Auto Zero
Eight internal references, which include a temperature reference, provide auto zero and auto
calibration functions. This results in an accuracy and temperature stability of the module equal to
the internal precision voltage reference.
The calculation used to obtain the digitized raw analog value (during the conversion process)
would normally be based on a linear curve like Line A shown in Figure 33. Due to temperature,
gain and offset inaccuracies, the curve may be slightly non-linear (Line B, exaggerated for
demonstration purposes). The D20 minimizes this error by a technique called three-point
linearity correction. By separately calculating the linearity difference (slope m) of the 0 to +5 V
and 0 to -5 V ranges, the software can use a different equation for either positive or negative
values.
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Line C: Y = m2X + b2
Digitized
Raw
Analog 0000
Line B
-16383
5 25 45 X
Frequency (kHz)
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• Communication Interface with D20ME consists of data control and formatting functions
that are called by common code using application interface tables. The formatting functions
place the requested data into an addressed buffer.
• Maintenance Interface implements several maintenance and diagnostic commands.
Item Description
Processor 8-bit Freescale 68HC11 MPU
Clock 2 MHz MPU clock
Memory • 32 KB EPROM
• 24 KB static RAM
• 512 bytes EEPROM
Inputs 32 differential inputs (typical):
• ±5, ±10 V
• ±1, ±2.5, ±5, ±10, ±20 mA
Input Impedance 44 Mohm ±5% (VDC)
Overall Accuracy ±0.05% (voltage), ±0.1% (current)
Temperature Coefficient ±10 ppm per °C
Resolution 12-bit plus sign
Conversion Rate (all 32 inputs) • 550 ms @ 60 Hz
• 656 ms @ 50 Hz
Over voltage Rating 35 VDC
Overload Rating 200 V pp ±5 V input common mode (50/60 Hz)
Common Mode Rejection (60 Hz) • 95 dB 5 V
• 90 dB 10 V
Normal Mode Rejection (60 Hz) 60 dB
Component Isolation Rating 1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating 1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 20-60 VDC, 7 W typical
Size 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
LED Indicators • Common LEDs, described in Section 2.2.1 , Hardware.
• RED binary point LEDs, indicating the analog point that is
currently being read.
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The D20K is a 32-point control output interface module. The 32 output drivers can be arranged
in several hardware/software configurations, depending on the system requirements. The D20K
ensures secure operation of the control output interface. All control actions requested by the
D20/D200 are initiated, timed, reset and validated by the D20K.
The D20K logic module plugs directly into a D20K termination panel, which is equipped with
field terminations. The D20K termination panel consists of 32 momentary control relays plus
two Master Trip and Close relays. The Master Trip and Close relay contacts are wired in series
with the point-select relay contacts controlling the output power for each point.
The D20K also provides a Local/Remote switch and control output fusing. The Local/Remote
switch is a manually operated switch used to disable D20K relay coil power during maintenance.
An off-line indication is passed to the D20 main processor, which is available as a pseudo status
to the host.
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• Control Rules:
− If two requests are destined for the same digital output point, they will not be applied
concurrently; instead, they will be applied sequentially. (Control requests can be
conducted concurrently, but only if one of the requests requires a master relay.).
− If two requests requiring master relays are destined for different digital output points,
they can be conducted concurrently, as long as each request is associated with a different
set of master relays.
• Simultaneous Digital Output Points: D20/D200 peripherals support the simultaneous
control of digital output points, where these output points must be operated at precisely the
same time.
• Request Queuing: Control operations can be queued, where this is required by the
application.
• Request Repetition: Control pulse trains can be generated, where this is required by the
application.
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Item Description
Processor 8-bit Freescale 68HC11 MPU
Clock 2 MHz MPU clock
Memory • 32 KB EPROM
• 24 KB static RAM
• 512 bytes EEPROM
Control Outputs • 32 open collector drivers for relays
• Four additional open collector drivers for dedicated Master Trip/Close and Test
Breaker relays
Output Types • Momentary (fixed)
• Latching
• Trip/Close (T/C)
• Raise/Lower (R/L)
• Pulse duration
• Pulse train
Non-matrixed output • 32 T/C pairs
configurations • 24 T/C + 4 R/L pairs
• 16 T/C + 8 R/L pairs
• 8 T/C + 12 R/L pairs
• 16 R/L pairs
• 32 isolated Form-C contact outputs
• Optional 32 isolated open-drain outputs, rated 150 mA @ 60VDC
Contact ratings & types D20K:
(typical) • Momentary relays: 60 W max, 3 A max, 220 VDC max. (1 Form C or A)
D20KI:
• Interposing relays: 10 A @ 150 VDC (1 Form X), 5 A @ 150 VDC (2 Form A), 3
A @ 150 VDC (2 Form C)
• Interposing relays: 10 A @ 28 VDC (2 Form C or A)
• PRD Series Relays:
− PRD3, 20 A @ 125VDC, 1 Form X
− PRD11, 20 A @ 125VDC, 2 Form C, 24VDC coil
− PRD11, 20 A @ 125VDC, 2 Form C, 48VDC coil
• Latching interposing relays: 10 A @ 28 VDC or 240 VAC (2 Form C)
• Interposing relays (heavy duty): 20 A @ 125 VDC, 30 A @ 240 VAC (1 Form A)
Coil Status Check Every 500 µs
15
Contact Duration Programmable 1 to 2 ms in 1 ms intervals (protocol dependent)
Switches Local Enable/Disable Switch
Component Isolation Rating 1500 Vrms
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Item Description
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 20-60 VDC, 4 W typical at 24 V, 11 W max. at 24 V with all relays energized
Size • D20K logic board and D20K relay termination board assembly: 19" x 5.25" x 2.5"
• D20KI1 interposing relay board (compression terminals): 19" x 5.25"
• D20KI2 interposing relay board (barrier terminals): 19" x 7"
• D20KR termination board for D20KI1/D20KI2: 19" x 5.25"
• D20KI-OPC (517-0215): Interposing relay panel for D20SD and D20CD,
equipped with sliding link terminal blocks.
LED Indicators • Common LEDs, described in Section 2.2.1 , Hardware.
• Local (GREEN) LED, which turns on when the I/O module is set to Local module
using the Local/Remote switch, or if the module’s control software has been
disabled.
• Remote (RED), which turns on when the module is in Remote mode.
• Control points (RED), which turn on when the particular control point is enabled.
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...
Interposing Relays
...
Termination Panel
...
To Field Equipment
Each D20KI, equipped with 16 relays, can be configured to supply 16 momentary, 8 trip/close or
8 raise/lower control outputs.
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GE Grid Solutions D20/D200 Technical Overview
D20C 16 8 - -
D20C with D20 C1 Daughter Board 16 8 16 -
D20C with D20 C2 Daughter Board 16 8 8 8
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Item Description
Processor 8-bit Freescale 68HC11 MPU
Clock 3 MHz MPU clock
Memory • 24 KB EPROM
• 32 KB static RAM
• 512 bytes EEPROM
Analog Inputs
Physical Plug-in daughter board for 16 bipolar, differential inputs
Input Adapters Refer to the Index for a list of available input adapters.
Accuracy ±0.05% (voltage), ±0.1% (current)
Temperature Coefficient ±10 ppm per °C
Resolution 12-bits plus sign
Conversion Rate • 275 ms for 16 inputs @ 60 Hz
• 328 ms for 16 inputs @ 50 Hz
Dynamic Range of Converter 125% of normalized full scale inputs
Input Impedance 44 Mohm ±5% (VDC)
Common Mode Rejection (60 Hz) 95 dB
Normal Mode Rejection (60 Hz) 60 dB
Over voltage Rating ±35 VDC (normal mode)
Analog Inputs/Outputs
Physical Plug-in daughter board for 8 unipolar or bipolar (voltage only)
outputs or 8 unipolar current outputs, and 8 bipolar inputs @ ±5
V (see Analog Inputs above)
Output Ranges • 0 - 5, 0 - 10, ±5, ±10 V
• 0 - 1, 0 - 5, 0 - 10, 0 - 20 mA
Accuracy 0.1% (voltage), 0.15% (current)
Resolution 12-bits plus sign
Maximum Output 5 kohms @ 5 V out
Status Inputs
Physical 16 optically isolated inputs in two groups of 8. Inputs in one
group will share a common return and contact wetting.
Contact Wetting ±12, ±24, ±48 or ±125 VDC
Current Burden ±3 to ±6 mA per input
Scan Rate 1.0 ms
Debounce Selectable 1 to 255 ms
SOE Time Resolution 1.0 ms
Overload Rating 500 VDC (common mode to GND)
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Control Outputs
Physical 8 relays plus two Master Trip/Close relays
Output Configurations • 8 T/C pairs
• 6 T/C + 1 R/L pairs
• 4 T/C + 2 R/L pairs
• 2 T/C + 3 R/L pairs
• 4 R/L pairs
• 8 isolated Form C contact outputs
15 15
Contact Duration Programmable 1 to 2 ms in 1 ms intervals or 1 to 2 s in 1 s
intervals (protocol dependent)
Contact Rating 60 W max, 3 A max, 220 VDC max (1 Form-C or -A contact)
Coil Status Check Every 500 µs
Switches Local enable/disable switch
Component Isolation Rating 1500 Vrms
Dielectric Rating 1000 VDC
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements 20-60 VDC, 5 W typical; 11 W full load with 24 V contact wetting
GE Part Description
Number
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Item Description
Features Up to 132 analog values and 18 accumulator values.
Accommodates direct AC analog inputs from current and voltage
transformers for up to three 3-phase circuits, eliminating the need for
transducers and/or metering IEDs
Integrates key substation functions such as metering, analog processing
and power quality measurement
3-element and 1-element (Balance System) metering
Meter calculations include kW, kVAR, power factor, frequency, kWh,
kVARh, kVAh and symmetrical components.
st
Power quality data: %THD (total harmonic distortion), 21 harmonic
DSP/Memory 24-bit program, 16-bit point data
16 MHz clock
1K x 16-bit internal data
2K x 24-bit internal program
14K x 24-bit external program
64K byte EPROM boot
Dual-port memory 2K bytes
CCU base system required
AC Voltage Inputs Up to 6 nominal RMS inputs: 63.5 VAC, 110 VAC (60 Hz), 69.3 VAC, 120
VAC (60 Hz)
Accuracy + 0.2% of nominal full scale
Burden < 0.1 VA
Measurement Range 250% of nominal
Continuous Over voltage 250% of nominal
Frequency Response 50/60 Hz filtered, 1300 Hz unfiltered
Sample Rate 64 samples per cycle
AC Current Inputs Up to 9 nominal RMS inputs: 1.0 A or 5.0 A (50/60 Hz)
Accuracy • + 0.2% of nominal (minimum input 2% of nominal)
• + 1.0% 5 x nominal full scale
• + 2.0% 10 x nominal full scale
• + 3.0% 16 x nominal full scale
Burden <0.01 ohm
Thermal Overload • 4 x nominal – continuous
• 30 x nominal – 10s
• 100 x nominal – 1 s
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Item Description
Frequency Response 50/60 Hz filtered, 1300 Hz unfiltered
Sample Rate 64 samples per cycle
DC Analog Input One DC differential analog input
Current Input One of: + 1, + 5, + 10, + 20 mA
Input Burden > 10 M voltage input, 5 K to 250 K current input (1 to 20 mA)
Overload + 30 VDC (normal mode), 200 VDC (common mode)
Accuracy + 0.05% full scale voltage input, + 0.1% full scale current input
Resolution 12 bit plus sign (minimum)
CMRR 90 dB @ 50/60 Hz, NMRR: 60 dB @ 50/60 Hz
Dynamic Range 125% full scale
References + 90% full scale zero
Conversion Time 16.7 ms (60 Hz), 20.0 ms (50 Hz)
o o
Temperature Coefficient + 15 ppm C voltage input, + 30 ppm C current input
Sample Rate 64 samples per cycle
D.20 Link Ports 2
Maintenance Port 9600 baud, RS-232
Power Requirements • 40 – 150 VDC, 5 W typical
• 20 – 60 VDC, 8 W
WESDAC D20AC (40-150V, 511-0104) Standard version of the AC analog input peripheral logic panel,
supporting up to six 50/60 Hz AC voltage inputs, and up to nine
50/60 Hz AC current inputs. The 511-0104 requires a power source
between 40 and 150 VDC.
WESDAC D20AC (20-60V, 511-0106) Standard version of the AC analog input peripheral logic panel,
supporting up to six 50/60 Hz AC voltage inputs, and up to nine
50/60 Hz AC current inputs. The 511-0106 requires a power source
between 20 and 60 VDC.
WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/3CT (517-0380) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/6CT (517-0381) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and six AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 3VT/9CT (517-0382) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and nine AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
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WESTERM D20ACL 6VT/3CT (517-0383) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting six AC voltage inputs
and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 6VT/6CT (517-0384) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting six AC voltage inputs
and six AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier terminal
strip.
WESTERM D20ACL 6VT/9CT (517-0385) Termination panel for the D20AC, supporting three AC voltage
inputs and three AC current inputs, which connect through a barrier
terminal strip.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/3CT (517-0370) Similar to the 517-0380; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/6CT (517-0371) Similar to the 517-0381; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 3VT/9CT (517-0372) Similar to the 517-0382; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 6VT/3CT (517-0373) Similar to the 517-0383; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 6VT/6CT (517-0374) Similar to the 517-0384; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
WESTERM D20AC 6VT/9CT (517-0375) Similar to the 517-0385; however, the unit does not support power
through the D.20 Link.
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Modem Specifications
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Modem Specifications
Item Description
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Item Description
Jack • WESDAC 202/V.23 (vertical): RJ11 telephone jack for line connections
• WESDAC 202/V.23 (rack): Optional integral or external jack termination
(Line, monitor and equipment, for both Tx and Rx).
Protection • 1500 V line isolation
• SWC ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1-1974 (2.5 kV)
• SWC (Fast Transient) ANSI/IEEE C37.90.1-1989 (5.0 kV)
• Relay systems test, in accordance with ANSI/IEEE C37.90-1978
• Optional impulse/lighting protection gas-tube arresters
Error Rate • Back-to-back error rate is 1 bit error in 60,000 at 1200 bps
Mechanical WESDAC 202/V.23 (rack)
• Dimensions: 1.75" (4.4 cm) x 19" (48 cm)
WESDAC 202/V.23 (vertical)
• Vertical mounting in D20/D200 chassis card slot, as shown in Figure 16 and
Figure 17.
• Screw compression type terminals for 2W/4W connections. Female DB25
connector for RS-232 connection.
Environmental • Temperature: -20 C to +60 C
• Humidity: 0 to 95% non-condensing
2.7 Communications
The D20/D200 interfaces with peripherals and external devices over several types of
communications facilities:
Type Properties
RS-232 • Each installed D20ME and D20ME II provides seven RS-232 serial ports. In the D20ME II,
each port can be programmed as an RS-232 or an RS-485 port
• Ports operate independently, at data rates up to 38400 bps
• Each RS-232 port can provide point-to-point communication between the D20/D200 and:
− IED or
− Serial peripheral, such as a printer or terminal
RS-485 • D20ME II main processor can be jumper-configured with RS-485 ports to provide point-to-
multipoint communications to substation equipment, at distances up to 4000 ft
Note: The RS-485 port on the D20ME II provides no isolation and offers limited built-in transient
suppression. If you are using the D20ME II in an environment where longer cable runs with larger
transients are expected, installation of an external transient suppression device is recommended to
protect the RTU. In addition, GE recommends the installation of an external transient suppression
device when the RS-485 communication cable must be run to devices located outside of the RTU
cabinet containing the D20ME II. Contact GE Grid Solutions Technical Support for additional
information.
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Type Properties
D.20 Link • Provides communications between the D20/D200 main processor and D20 I/O peripherals
• Two D.20 Links per main processor
• High-speed, high-level data link (HDLC/X.25)
• RS-485 serial link, half duplex, 250 kbps
• Transformer-coupled/isolated for high reliability and protection from electrically noisy
environments
• Manchester-encoded for increased data integrity
• Dual communication channels for backup communications
• Shielded LAN cable or a glass/plastic fiber optic cable
• RS-485 to multi-mode fiber-optic converters are available to extend the distance range of the
D20/D200, or to improve system noise immunity
• Each D.20 Link supports the following:
Ethernet • D20/D200 supports communication with substation equipment through two Ethernet ports
• D20EME Ethernet Memory Expansion module provides two independent Ethernet channels
using one of the following formats:
10BASE-T Provides two RJ-45 connectors for connecting to CAT5, or greater, UTP
cabling
10BASE2 Provides two BNC connectors for connecting to thin coax cabling
10BASE-FL Provides two ST-style connectors for directly connecting to a single or
multi-mode glass or plastic fiber optic cable
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Example D.20
Power/ Configuration
RS485 Power/
Cables RS485 Remote I/O
D20 Optional Cables
Power/ Power Supply
Fiber Repeater
RS485
Cables
D20A Power Supply D20S
DCI or DFS
PFO or GFO Cable
(1 of 4 links, if DFS)
D20A
Legend
D20S DCI - D.20 Communications Interface
DFS - D.20 Fiber Splitter
Termination
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• D.20 Communication Interface with a fiber optic adaptor at the end of the fiber optic cable to
convert back to an RS-485 link, for interconnecting remotely located D20 peripheral I/O
modules.
• Cable and connectors
• Power supply
D20 Communications
Interface
From D20/D200, or from To downstream
upstream I/O Peripherals I/O Peripherals
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RS-458 Repeater
.
To split out the D.20 Link F. O
F.O.
HDLC Up to four
D.20 Splitter
F.O. D.20 Links
From D20/D200, or from
upstream I/O Peripherals
F. O
.
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*Project Specific
Up to four PFO or GFO adaptors may be installed
D.20 Link
D.20 Link
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2.9 Redundancy
The D20/D200 supports the following fault-tolerant system configurations:
• Single D20/D200 with single D.20 Link
• Single D20/D200 with two D.20 Links
• Redundant D20/D200 system with single LAN (illustrated in Figure 44)
• Single D20/D200 with loop redundancy (illustrated in Figure 45)
• Single D20/D200 with redundant LAN (illustrated in Figure 46)
• Redundant D20/D200 system with redundant LAN
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If detected, the following hardware failures will result in a fail-over from the active to the
standby D20/D200:
• Power failure
• Background diagnostic error
• Bus error
• Watchdog timer reset
When a failure of the active D20/D200 is detected, the standby D20/D200 is switched to an
“active” state, at which point it will initiate data collection and control functionality. The standby
D20/D200 completes a full update of its databases at this time. The originally active D20/D200
is disabled, with no fail-back operation. The standby D20/D200 system remains in the “Active
Polling” state, until manually restored to its original configuration.
A switchover can be manually forced from the RS-232 Switch Panel, or through the
WESMAINT maintenance interface.
D20/D200 D20/D200
D.20 Link A D.20 Link B D.20 Link A D.20 Link B
Failure
Scenario 1
With D.20 Loop Redundancy, cabling is daisy-chained from D.20 Port A through all of the I/O
peripherals, then the last I/O peripheral in the chain is connected back to D.20 Port B. Normally,
the D20/D200 will communicate with the I/O peripherals alternately through D.20 Link A and
D.20 Link B. In this way, the D20/D200 is able to regularly confirm the integrity of both
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communications links with all I/O peripherals. It will know immediately if there is a problem
with the link, and can raise an alarm, if necessary.
In the case of Failure Scenario 1, the D20/D200 will still be able to communicate with the I/O
peripherals through D.20 Link B. In the case of Failure Scenario 2, the D20/D200 will
communicate with some peripherals through D.20 Link A, and others through D.20 Link B.
Full D.20 Link Redundancy can be implemented, as shown in Figure 46:
D20/D200 D20/D200
D.20 Link A D.20 Link B D.20 Link A D.20 Link B
Failure
Scenario 3
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3.1 SGConfig
SGConfig is a tool, installed on a personal computer, which helps you manage information
associated with your GE Enegy equipment. The primary use of SGConfig is to facilitate the
configuration of D20/D200 hardware and software through the maintenance port on the main
processor and I/O peripheral.
Information is accessed through a hierarchy of windows, as follows:
Project Window Provides a graphical representation of your project. Each device in the
project is represented by a corresponding icon. Connections between
devices are shown by a series of lines and arrows.
Device Window When you double-click on a device, the device window is opened in the
main area. The device window will display all of the configurable
applications for the device. The device window has four tabs:
Data Collection Applications
Data Translation Applications
System Point Database Applications
Data Processing Applications
Application Window Displays the tables for a particular application.
Report Window Allows you to select and print reports.
3.2 LogicLinx
The LogicLinx application is a powerful tool that allows the user to program PLC-like logic
functions in the D200 environment. LogicLinx consists of an executor, running in the remote
device firmware and an editor, running in a Windows PC environment, which is used to create
the desired programs. LogicLinx is compliant with all five programming languages defined in
the IEC 61131-3 standard.
3.3 WESMAINT
WESMAINT is a maintenance facility that resides on the D20 and D200. It uses a series of
menus and screens displayed on a PC or VT100 terminal to create a simple interface.
WESMAINT presets a window through which field technicians and programmers can look
directly into the equipment to view collected data and system status and, for some applications,
make changes to the configuration.
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Using the WESMAINT facility, you can access standard data displays such as:
• Digital inputs and outputs
• Analog inputs and outputs
• Transition counters
• Sequence-of-event (SOE) and change-of-state (COS) data
• Device status information
• Error log
• User log
• System status
• CCU (central control unit) communication status, if a redundant system is installed.
3.4 PROMAINT
Similar to WESMAINT, PROMAINT is the maintenance facility for the I/O peripheral modules.
PROMAINT combines maintenance and monitor functions. The maintenance portion is used to
view data, or to verify that the board is functioning correctly by, for example, forcing a control
point and then checking to see whether the control operation took effect.
This monitor facility is intended for advanced users to interpret commands from the maintenance
port, such as storing data to memory. It can also execute various application-dependent
commands once an application program has been downloaded from the D20/D200.
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4. Application Software
The D20/D200 can be equipped with a wide range of substation automation and enhanced
SCADA applications, some of which are summarized below:
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5.2 What is the difference between the D20 and the D200?
The D200, which uses the same hardware modules as those used in the D20, has a much higher
capacity than the D20. The D200’s larger chassis can support up to seven vertically mounted
D20ME II processors, which, in turn, are each capable of supporting two D.20 and seven RS-
232/485 ports. GE recommends that our customers consult with us when using more that four
D20ME or D20ME II processors to ensure proper system performance.
Where a D20 can support two D.20 and seven RS-232 or RS-485 ports, the D200 can be
equipped with up to:
− Two redundant D.20 channels, supporting up to 240 I/O peripherals (120 per redundant
pair)
− 49 RS-232 or RS-485 ports (seven per D20ME II Main Processor)
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Emissions
EN 61000-3-2 Harmonics (230 VAC supply) Comply Comply
EN 61000-3-3 Flicker (230 VAC supply) Comply Comply
EN 61000-4-2 Electrostatic Discharge TBD Level 4: 8 kV / 15 kV
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EN 61000-4-11 Voltage Dips and Class 3: 0, 40, 70, 80% dips TBD
Interruptions (AC power
supply) 0%Voltage Loss Hold-Up
time ( Short Interruption):
400ms
EN 61000-4-12 High Frequency Oscillatory Level 4: 2.5 kV Level 4: 2.5 kV
EN 61000-4-16 Immunity to Conducted TBD Level 4: 30 V (300 V 1
Common Mode Disturbances sec)
0 – 150 kHz
EN 61000-4-17 Immunity to Ripple on DC Level 4: 15% ripple TBD
Power Port
EN 61000-4-29 DC Supply Interruptions 40, 70% dips.1000ms TBD
0%Voltage Loss Hold-Up
time (Short Interruption):
300ms
EN 61010-1 Product Safety TBD Comply
Safety
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GE Grid Solutions is continually adding to the supported protocol list. Please contact GE Grid
Solutions for the latest developments.
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D20ME 4.00
D20S 3.00
D20A 7.00
D20K 4.00
D20K O/B Relay 0.288
D20C 5.00
D20C A/I 1.50
D20C I/O 1.50
Rack Modem 1.44
Universal Protocol Converter 0.680
48 V Status Point 0.264
24 V Status Point 0.132
130 V Status Point 0.715
For example, a D20S with 8 points on using 24V wetting has a typical power consumption of:
3.00W + 8(0.132W) = 4.056W
A D20K with 4 relays operating requires:
4.00W + 4(0.288W) = 5.152W
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Note: In the above table, “N/A” means that it is physically not possible to plug the processor
card into the chassis. “No” means that, although the card can physically be plugged in to
the chassis, but it will not function correctly.
Note: There are some constraints with the above compatibilities. For more detail, refer to the
D20/D200 Installation and Operation Guide (Document Number 994-0078).
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Variables
PTotal = Total Power
nx = Number of units of type ‘x’
X = Power Consumption of X module (see D. Power Consumption – D20 Modules), where X = M, S,
A, K, R, C, C A/I, C I/O, COM, UPC, SP.
I = Constant Current
Vp = Peripheral Supply Voltage (24, 48, 130 V)
Vd = Voltage drop/foot
Rs = Resistive Cable Loss:(#20 AWG [0.812mm] = 0.010 ohms/ft, #22 AWG [0.644mm] = 0.016
ohms/ft)
Dmax = D.20 Link (+DC & -DC) Maximum Distance
Vt = Voltage Threshold (20 V)
Formulae
• PTotal = nAA + nSS + nKK + nCC + nC A/IC A/I + nC I/OC I/O + nCOMCOM + nSPSP + nRR
• I = PTotal / Vp
• Vd = I x Rs
• Dmax = (Vp - Vt) / (2 x Vd) or 1000 feet, whichever is less
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Example:
Assume you are installing three D20A and two D20S modules on an RS-485 D.20 Link using
wire gauge #22 and a peripheral supply of 48 V. Calculate the maximum distance of the D.20
Link as follows:
• PTotal = nAA + nSS
=3xA+2xS
=3x5W+2x3W
= 21 W
• I = PTotal / Vp
= 21 W / 48 V
= 0.44 A
• Vd = I x Rs
= 0.44 A x 0.016 ohms/ft
= 0.00704 V/ft
• Dmax = MIN[(Vp - Vt) / (2 x Vd) or 1000 feet]
= MIN[(48 V - 20 V) / (2 x (0.00704 V/ft)) or 1000 feet]
= MIN[1989 feet or 1000 feet]
=1000 feet
Therefore, the maximum distance that you can operate the D.20 Link would be 1000 feet.
Note: If external digital input contact wetting is supplied by station battery, omit the Power
Consumption of each Status Point factor (SP) from the Total Power (PT) equation.
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Index
6 D20/D200
68K Monitor ........................................ 81 chassis............................................ 16
C communications .............................. 69
Communication Links ......................... 69 Communications Interface .............. 72
Communications Interface.................. 72 detailed description .............. 1, 8, 25
Config Pro .......................................... 80 Ethernet support ....................... 19, 36
D firmware .......................................... 22
D.20 Cabling ...................................... 74 hardware ........................................... 9
D.20 Link ............................................ 70 I/O peripherals .......................... 20, 37
D20 A ................................................. 48 main processor ......................... 17, 30
analog input processing .................. 51 mechanical design .......................... 25
specifications .................................. 52 modems .................................... 20, 67
D20 AC............................................... 62 overview ........................................... 8
D20 C ........................................... 44, 59 power requirements ........................ 75
specifications .................................. 59 power supplies ................................ 64
D20 EME .................................. 5, 19, 36 RTU Master .................................... 16
D20 HV peripherals .............................. 6 splitters ........................................... 73
D20 K ................................................. 53 system architecture........................... 9
base application .............................. 55 Data Display Panel ............................. 79
control output configurations........... 54 E
specifications .................................. 56 Ethernet support ........................... 19, 36
D20 ME ........................................ 18, 30 F
firmware .......................................... 32 Fiber Optic Interfaces ......................... 79
D20 ME II ................................. 4, 18, 30 Frequently Asked Questions .............. 85
firmware .......................................... 32 H
D20 S ................................................. 44 Host Protocols
specifications .................................. 47 supported........................................ 90
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I R
I/O Peripherals RS-485 support ..................... 69, 74, 94
common code ................................. 41 S
hardware ......................................... 40 Software
IED application............................. 1, 8, 82
supported protocols ........................ 91 maintenance utilities ...... 1, 8, 22, 80
Interposing Relays.............................. 57 Splitters .............................................. 73
IRIG B ................................................ 34 Standards
M supported........................................ 87
Modems ............................................. 67 T
specifications .................................. 68 Time Synchronization ......................... 34
P U
Power calculations ............................. 95 Universal Protocol Converter ............. 78
Power Supplies ........................ 6, 19, 64 W
PROMAINT ........................................ 81 WESMAINT ........................................ 80
What's New .......................................... 4
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MODIFICATION RECORD