Steel & Timber Design

BEAM DESIGN
(UNRESTRAINED BEAM)
By
Ir Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad Khairussaleh

Faculty of Civil Engineering & Earth Resources

aasyiq@ump.edu.my

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Unrestrained beams

Source: Lecture notes Design of Steel and

Timber structure(SAB 3233/2013)

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Could cause the phenomenon of lateral-torsional instability

Source: ESDEP WG 7

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 What cause to the lateral-torsional buckling (LTB)

-The compression of the beam’s flange is not fully restrained along the span
-Depends on the:
**section type
**unrestrained length
**restraint conditions
**type of applied load

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Lateral Torsional Buckling (LTB)

Source: Nethercot, 1986 & ESDEP WG 7

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad
Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Unrestrained beams – effect of non-uniform moment on lateral-torsional
buckling

Source: ESDEP WG 7
Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad
Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Unrestrained beams – effect of end restraint in plan or elevation on
lateral-torsional buckling

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad Source: ESDEP WG 7

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Lateral torsional buckling – Bridge failure in Edmonton Alberta

Source: http://edmontonjournal.com/news/local-news/it-could-be-weeks-before-source-of-buckling-102nd-
avenue-bridge-girders-is-found-engineer

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Lateral-torsional buckling (LTB) not important

**The section is bent about the minor axis

**Full lateral restraint is provided to the compression flange
**Closely spaced bracing is provided
**The section has high torsional & lateral bending stiffness

Source: Modul ENGM042 Steel Building Design 2015, University of Surrey.

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM
 Lateral torsional buckling – effect of type of cross section

Source: European Steel Design Educational Program (ESDEP, WG 7)

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad
Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM

Source: BS 5950-1-2000
Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad
Khairussaleh
 UNRESTRAINED BEAM

Source: Lecture notes Design of Steel and

Timber structure(SAB 3233/2013)

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 BEAM DESIGN
 Design of unrestrained beams

*Analyse the beam, find the maximum shear force (VEd) & maximum
moment (MEd)
*Select suitable steel UB section (Steel Data Design)
*Classify the section (Table 5.2 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)
*Check bending moment resistance (Cl 6.2.5 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)
*Check shear resistance (Cl 6.2.6 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)
*Check shear buckling resistance of web (Cl 6.2.6 (6)BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)
*Check combination of shear and moment (Cl 6.2.8 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)
*Check torsional buckling (Cl 6.3.2.2 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)
*Check deflection (NA.2.23 BS EN 1993-1-1:2005)

Beam Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad

Khairussaleh
 BEAM DESIGN
 References:

 *European Steel Design Education Program (ESDEP) WG 7.

 *Prof G.A.R. Parke, Modul ENGM042 Steel Building Design 2015,
University of Surrey.
 *BS 5950-1-2000 Structural use of steelwork in building.
 *BS EN 1990:2002 Basis of structural design
 *BS EN 1993-1-1:2005 Design of Steel Structures
 * Dr Ahmad Baharuddin Abd. Rahman, SAB 3233 Lecture Notes Design of
Steel and Timber Structure 2013
 *Steel Designers’ Manual, 1994 The Steel Construction Institute
 *Wald, F.; Tan, K.H. and Chiew S.P., Design of Steel Structure with examples
to EN1993-1-1 and EN1993-1-8

Introduction to the Structural Steel Design, Dr Nor Ashikin Muhamad Khairussaleh