THE SMART CITY OS CONSULTANCY REPORT

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 Table of Contents
Introduction......................................................................................................................................3

Task 1: The Project Manager skill development actions.................................................................3

Task 2: Problem-solving and Decision Making...............................................................................5

Task 3: The Project Triangle............................................................................................................8

Task 4: Managing finance..............................................................................................................10

Task 5: Risk Management within the Project................................................................................12

Task 6: Conflicts and Negotiation.................................................................................................18

Task 7: Teamwork..........................................................................................................................19

Conclusion.....................................................................................................................................20

References......................................................................................................................................21

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Introduction
Project management is the management and usage of skills, knowledge, and proper attainment in
the delivery of necessary value towards the people[ CITATION Esk182 \l 1033 ]. The current
report is focused on the case study of "Smart City OS" which further incorporates different
aspects of project management skill development, analysis of stakeholders via formulation of
stakeholders map. Furthermore, the report also assesses the three major factors of the project
triangle along with the risk management procedures through constructing a risk register. In
addition to that, the different conflicts that might arise during the concerned project are
highlighted along with their redressal measures undertaken by the project manager. Moreover, a
teamwork development measure has also been included within the study to focus on the creation
of a diverse team.

Task 1: The Project Manager skill development actions

Project managers within different organisations are found to incorporate the management of their
consigned projects through planning, directing, and organisation of the same within a specified
budget, time, and scope (Maqbool et al. 2017). Furthermore, various skills are also required by
the concerned managers for efficient and effective utilisation of time and resources for the
completion of their projects. However, some of the major skills required by the project managers
within their performance of management are efficient communication levels within the
employees, efficient time and team management, problem-solving as well as management of the
given budget. Therefore, in the current scenario, the report highlights the different skills to be
undertaken by the project manager for the Smart City OS budget.

Further focusing on the case study, Hull city turning itself into a smart city has various
technologically friendly projects with the inclusion of a long-range wide area network
(LoRaWAN), which requires a technologically savvy project manager. According to the words of
Anantatmula (2008), the importance of technology in project management is essential for
communication and collaboration of the employees. Therefore, it is of the prime requirement for
the project manager in the formulation of Smart City OS would be to be technologically sound
and advanced for the management of different operations undergoing within their project.
Furthermore, the studies of Lombardi and Vanolo (2015) states that Copenhagen was the first

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city to reduce its carbon footprint level per capita as the first smart city. Therefore, the concerned
city was also found to incorporate an ambitious carbon reduction plan which further improved
their aim for achieving a carbon-neutral environment by the year 2025. Copenhagen was also
found to implement strategies like "green building standards" and partnered with IBM for the
development of data analysis technologies.

In addition to that, the concerned technological framework was also found to improve the overall
energy consumption levels incurred by the city by switching to greener sources of energy and
energy-efficient buildings. Moreover, the words of Mora and Bolici (2015) state Amsterdam as
another significantly important smart city that incorporates an “Amsterdam Smart City” project
with a public-private partnership. Furthermore, the concerned smart city was also found to
incorporate urban laboratories for the development of mobility solutions through the effective
utilisation of technology. Therefore, in the current case study, Hull city too may incorporate
technological advancements as a vital measure to develop a cleaner and greener city with low
carbon imprints. Thus, the project manager shall also highlight the technologically developed
software for undertaking the same.

Furthermore, the project managers should be efficient in the management of time and resources
as it is important to reduce the wastage of materials for a reduction in carbon imprints. According
to the words of Paul (2021), completion time has emerged to be a vital factor in project
management as it has helped the concerned "Agartala smart city" project to finish their necessary
tasks within a short amount of time. In addition to that, the project manager was also found to
develop a project timeline to maintain and assess the deadlines and work efficiency levels within
their employees. In addition to that, the concerned time management skill within the project
manager has effectively reduced the overall lifecycle period of the smart city management.

Therefore, the project manager for Hull smart city project may also incorporate time
management as a vital skill in improving their overall assessment of the project lifespan and
efficiency management for their employees. Furthermore, the words of Nachbagauer (2018) also
stated risk management and efficient decision-making capabilities as vital factors for project
managers. Furthermore, continuous compliance of timeliness dependency levels and quicker
problem solving has emerged to improve the life cycle time of a project. Therefore, focusing on
the major aim of the project in an efficient decision-making process, the project manager can

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keep a closer track record on the total respondents within the city which emerged to be below
260000 through effective utilisation of software. Moreover, the different objectives of the project
like traffic management and improvement in overall health and social care can be monitored
closely through the primary collection of data through various online surveys. In addition to that,
decision-making skills should also be important in the management of the project in case of
technical difficulties halting the progress. Furthermore, the project manager should be highly
qualified for having close attention towards understanding the different risks originating within
the project and quickly mitigate the same.

Therefore, from the analysis made above, three major recommendations have been highlighted
for the project manager which included time management, incorporation of technology for
assessment of data, and resources management.

Task 2: Problem-solving and Decision Making

Stakeholder analysis emerges to be an essential factor in improving the decision-making and
overall solving of the problems arising within a project for the complications of different
stakeholders. As per the words of Nguyen et al. (2018), a stakeholder matrix refers to a project
management tool efficient in the identification of different stakeholders of a project and aligns
their actions according to the goals of the project through carefully meeting the problems of the
same. The current report was found to incorporate different stakeholders within the development
of the Smart City OS project which is further analysed through the stakeholder matrix below,

“Government and regulatory “Project affecting the community”

authorities” ● The population of Hull city
● Government ● Vulnerable citizens as women or
● National and Local regulatory older people
bodies ● Job aspirants
● Representatives elected by Hull ● Educational institutions and the
city University of Hull
● Emergency services and police
● Humberside Fire and Rescue
Service

Companies and organisations “Internal stakeholders”

● Partners ● Director

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 ● Suppliers ● Board of directors
● Technological service providers ● Investors and shareholders
● Hull City Council
Table 1: Stakeholder influence map for Smart City OS report

(Source: Self Developed)

The above depicted table highlights the different stakeholders that have been highlighted within
the case study of the Smart City OS project within Hull City. Upon closer analysis, the primary
stakeholders emerged to be the directors and assistant directors of the Hull City Council who
were found to manage the current project. In addition to that, he was also found to incorporate
different creations of newer technologies in improving the overall management processes.
According to the words of Antony et al. (2018), the internet of things refers to the incorporation
of different processing abilities and the incorporation of sensors with the effective exchange of
data among other devices. Therefore, the assistant director, as well as the project manager, was
found to be keener on improving the internet of things and efficient data management and
communication processes.

Moreover, the incorporation of different stakeholders for the project has also emerged to improve
the credibility levels of the same through improved communication levels. As per the words of
Jayasena et al. (2019), stakeholder engagement theory can be further incorporated to improve the
systematic identification, planning as well as analysis of actions for the concerned stakeholders
within the development of a smart city project. Furthermore, the study also found stakeholder
management as the process in identification, communication, classification, and empowerment
of the concerned stakeholders. Thus, it has also effectively increased the motivation level of the
stakeholders through attaining a "resource dependence" approach towards highlighting the
ethical issues present within a project. Focusing on the current case study, the assistant director
may be further engaged towards the development of the internet of things which may further
help in the development of software improving the data management levels for the population of
Hull city.

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 Figure 1: Stakeholder management model for smart cities

(Source: Influenced by Jayasena et al. 2019)

The figure depicted above highlights the different internal and external stakeholders which are
important for the development of a smart city. Upon closer analysis, the four major stages for
improvement in smart cities have emerged as planning, development of strategies,
implementation of the aforementioned strategies, and further follow-up actions. In addition to
that, another significant stakeholder was found to be the University of Hull city that was also
considered to be included within the stakeholder management by the project manager of the
Smart City OS project. As opined by Alao and Jagboro (2017), the involvements of educational
institutions within the smart city projects are crucial for the improvement of economic growth for
the firms. In addition to that, the institutions shall further provide different managers and
stakeholders to learn and research upon various factors to improve their innovation levels.
Furthermore, the study also emerged to focus on improved education levels to higher

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employment opportunities in the future within the smart cities. Moreover, cities with better
economic situations than others are keener on better and stable economic conditions than
ordinary non-smart cities.

Therefore, the aforementioned section has highlighted the main stakeholders within the Smart
City OS report that are its directors and associate board of directors, the Hull City Humberside
Fire and Rescue Service for additional risk mitigation during emergencies. Furthermore, the
incorporation of the internet of things within the project has also opened up ample scope for
efficient reading of data and the population assessment levels to further improve their services in
the future.

Task 3: The Project Triangle

The project triangle or project management triangle refers to the constraints model of project
management. Furthermore, the project triangle undertakes the different constraints mainly
considered as its budget, deadlines, and the scope of the project. Therefore, the budget has
emerged to be a major constraint for the Smart City OS project as it has been unable to find
additional grants from the government. Therefore, the project manager of the Smart City OS
report needs to undertake various factors in undertaking the total projected costs required for the
completion of the same. Furthermore, words of Levy (2018) states that estimation of costs within
a project budget for its completion within a stipulated period of time. In addition to that, the
different variables of the project budget emerged to be material procurement costs, labor costs,
and the overall operational costs for maintaining the production and continuation of the project.

Figure 2: Project triangle within project management

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 (Source: Influenced by Olawale et al. 2019)

The figure depicted above highlights the three major factors incorporated by the project triangle
in the management of a project. Furthermore, focusing on a bottom-up approach, the primary
factor emerged to be budget constraints associated with adequate specifications and requirements
from the clients (Olawale et al. 2019). In addition to that, the whole process shall be further
finalised within a stipulated time to maintain their efficiency levels.

Therefore, the project manager should efficiently utilize the budget allocated for the current
project as the incorporation of IoT and technological advancements have emerged to be a vital
factor for its successful implementation. In addition to that, the words of Bhavsar et al. (2019)
states that the scope of a project in project management can be further defined through the
incorporation of its various functions and features for finishing the concerned project. In addition
to that, the scope also helps in gathering relevant information at project start as well as meeting
the relevant requirements for their stakeholders. Focusing on the case study, the different scopes
like the incorporation of Defra's air quality database and the "Environment Agency's" flood
monitoring system shall help the project in assessing any possible threats arising for the city
during natural calamities. In addition to that, implementation of "Hydro-Logic flooding alert"
shall also improve the decision making processes for the city along with effective management
of rough conditions creating flood situations. On the contrary, words of Bordley et al. (2019)
states that deadlines management refers to the process of organising, prioritising, and planning
the relevant workload of a project within a stipulated period of time. Furthermore, the quality of
services for a product helps in the advancement of clients with priorities and monitoring of
competency levels. Therefore, the current project shall also incorporate the concerning factors of
the project triangle to highlight the major constraints associated with the same.

According to the words of Serrano (2018), high-quality project management plans should
incorporate the delivery of higher quality variables along with an effective connection for digital
platforms undertaking the constraints of time, scope, and budget within the project triangle
management. Furthermore, the incorporation of efficient technologies is essential in improving
digitalisation in the IoT for further development in Blockchain, Cloud, and other artificial
intelligence features. Thus, in the current case study, the budget for the concerned Smart City OS
project needs to be kept under control as it focuses on installing high-speed network fibers and

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LoRaWAN networks which emerged to have a headstart for Hull city. Furthermore, time
management has also emerged to be essential in incorporating the different factors of traffic
efficiency through the "Bartec Auto ID" system. In addition to that, the weather forecasting
"Vaisala IceCast" program is also included within the smart city through reducing their overall
costs by taking additional help from the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence along with
machine learning algorithms.

Thus, from the above assessment of the different aspects of the project triangle, the significant
factor in concern for the Smart City OS project has emerged to be the effective management of
the budget. The project manager as the concerned Smart City OS for Hull was found to
incorporate various technological advancements in the forecasting of weather, additional flood
management systems along efficient traffic management systems. Therefore, necessary steps
have been undertaken to incorporate IoT and artificial intelligence to reduce the additional costs
to remain within the budget.

Task 4: Managing finance

The management of finance is considered an important part of project management. With the
availability of a proper source of finance, a project can be executed by maintaining the time as
well as quality. In project management, financial management is considered a broad area that is
segregated into certain stages or aspects[ CITATION You16 \l 1033 ]. For example, planning of
budget, estimation of budget, accounting of budget, reporting the budget, and auditing the
budget. These aspects of a project require to be maintained in a stepwise manner. The stepwise
process of working as per the budget starts with planning and ends in the closing phase. In the
financial management of the project, availability, as well as use of resources, are also required to
consider by a project management team. This is because proper utilization of resources can help
a project to use a budget with effectiveness. The Hull Smart City project also requires
considering a number of resources for the planning and execution of the project. Being a
technological project, software and hardware are the two-key types of resources that are majorly
required to consider. Along with this, human resources as well as other dimensions of a project
like training and wages are also important to consider in the project of Hull Smart City.

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Among all the types of resources in the Hull Smart City project, software and hardware are the
two major resources. thus, purchasing the software and hardware will require a major part of the
budget allocated in the project. The smart city will be entirely dependent on technology for the
services to the local citizens and others who can visit the city. The required hardware for the
project will be IoT devices, cables for internet connection, and other hardware to control the
system as well as computer hardware. The identified resources are also to be organized by
maintaining the superior quality of raw materials[ CITATION Boy17 \l 1033 ]. For example, the
Hull Smart City project will require establishing the information and communication technology
across the for which high quality cables are essential. By resourcing and using high quality
cables, the project can ensure less chance of a fault in the system. Simply, the sustainability or
longevity of the project can be ensured to the project owner with the use of high quality cables.
IoT devices are also an important part of the Hull Smart City. This is because IoT devices will be
used to connect technology with the services of daily life. The IoT devices like gadgets, sensors,
cameras with sensors, infrared and night vision camera will be required for the project. The use
of good quality IoT devices is needed in the project to provide better services and increase the
efficiency of Hull Smart City. This would also allow the Hill City Corporation to provide
improved services to the local citizens. For example, monitoring over the security threats, better
traffic management can be executed if the city uses good quality IoT devices[ CITATION
Tur16 \l 1033 ]. Transportation based on real time navigation or automated buses can also be run
by the city corporation with the use of better resources. Prediction of weather, as well as control
over the transportation activities to reduce the impact on the environment, can also maintain with
good quality of IoT devices.

Human resource is another dimension that is required to consider under the financial
management of a project. In a project, consideration of human resources in the budget is required
for the arrangement of training as well as recruitment of project members for specialized roles.
The Hull Smart City project is entirely corelated with advanced technologies. This is why the
project requires employees with higher capabilities who have knowledge of advanced
technologies. With technological knowledge and skills, the employees would also be able to
provide better effort to execute and complete the project. Specifically, the project will require
knowledge about the technologies Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things, and programming
languages. For this reason, the human resource department will be required to focus on the

11
recruitment of employees with knowledge of these specific technologies. Presence of the
knowledgeable members in the project is also required for providing better assistance to the
project manager for the execution of with success[ CITATION Boy17 \l 1033 ]. This is why the
Hull Smart City project requires focusing on the recruitment of employees with high efficacy.
The recruitment of members in the project requires to be undertaken with a process in which a
number of tests will be conducted. For this purpose, the budget of the project requires to be
developed by considering the expense for recruitment.

Along with this, training is also an important part of human resource activities in an organization.
In consideration of the factor, it can be said that the budget development needs to be focused on
training for the members. Training requires providing information to the members about the
project requirements as well as guidelines and security warnings. It would help in developing the
skills and knowledge of the project members[ CITATION Hea164 \l 1033 ]. This is why the
project team or manager needs to assure that the training is organized under the superior quality
of infrastructure and guidance. With the presence of knowledgeable and skilled employees, the
time and costing of the project can also be maintained within the budget. Specifically, the Hull
Smart City project will require to arrange training for the staff who can be aware of the important
structures and monuments as well as a prime location of the city. It would help the project
members to coordinate and work efficiently. Further, the training can also be effective for the
project to reduce the chance of conflict with the improved relationship between the members.
The responsibility of arranging the finance will be on the project manager. The project manager
requires to consider and follow a similar kind of project to succeed in it. This needs to be
followed with the consideration of an analogous cost estimation technique.

Task 5: Risk Management within the Project

Risk management is the process of determining the risk, investigating the risk, and eliminating
the risks of challenges as well as issues. The risk management process in organizations can be
segregated into three parts which are business risk, non-business risk, and financial risk. The
risks associated with a project can impact the operations of the project[ CITATION Esk182 \l
1033 ]. Along with this, resources, processes, technology and people are also the dimensions
where the risks associated with a project can make an impact. Risk management in the project is
also important to form the schedule of the project and execute the tasks as per the plan.

12
Identification of threats and control of the threats also becomes easier for the project team if a
proper risk management approach is undertaken. Similarly, the project manager of the Hull
Smart City project requires to focus on the identification of the risks and analyse those to explore
new options. It would help the project manager to develop a strategy for risk minimization, as
well as a contingency plan for the issues with the project.

Ris Risk Description Likelihoo Impac Severit Owner Mitigation

k Id of Risk d of risk t of the y rating strategies
occurring risk based
occurs on its
impact
1 The issueFailure of Low High High Project Designing
with project the project sponsor the project
designing as manager in with efficacy
well as
the and
identificationdevelopment explaining
and of the plan the project
explanation and variables.
of the projectblueprint of
variables the project
2 Problem to The project Medium High High Project The project
develop the manager of Sponsor manager
project the Hull requires to
purpose Smart City develop an
project effective
failed in project
identifying statement
and and work
analysing according to
the project the project
objectives. milestone.
The project
manager is
also unable
to
understand
the project
scope which
is important
in research.
3 Difficulty in Negative Medium Low High Project The project
implementin impact on manager manager
g green the requires to
computing environment undertake the

13
 technologies. due to the responsibility
inability to of
control implementin
carbon g green
emission. computing
The main technology
reason for along with
the issue the
absence of identification
green of alternative
computing sources for
technology. energy.
4 Time Poor time High Low Medium Project The project
management management manager manager
issues decreases requires to
the chance develop the
of success in plan for
a project. It controlling
mainly the budget
creates a with
problem for uttermost
the project priority.
manager to Training of
perform the the
activities employees
within time. also needs to
be executed
with efficacy
for the
project's
success.
5 Health and In any Medium High High HR Monitoring
safety risk project Manage over the
management r project site
and and the
assurance of working
health and process of
safety of the project
project members are
members are essential to
essential. mitigate and
This is minimize the
because the health and
health and safety risk.
safety of the The project
project site requires

14
 members are to be
essential to assessed on
maintain for regular basis
the success to identify
of the potential
project. threats and
Without solve the
proper issues.
health and Regular
safety plan monitoring
or of the health
approaches, of employees
a project is also
management required to
team can follow in the
face issues project.
to complete
the project
within time
and also lead
to an
increase in
the budget.

6 Risk of data The Hull High High High IT The IT

theft and Smart City manager manager of
privacy project is the project is
entirely required to
dependent assure the
and use of
associated advanced
with technologies
advanced for protecting
technologies the
. The information
technologies from a
will be used potential
to develop security
the city and threat. The
store crucial use of
information antivirus
related to the software, as
financial well as
aspect of the continuous
project. This monitoring

15
 increases the over the
risk of a software, is
security also needed
breach in the as a part of
used the
technologies protection
of the from
project. The potential IT
project will threats.
also focus
on installing
IoT devices
which
increase the
chance of
cyber
attacks too.

Task 6: Conflicts and Negotiation

Conflict management is an important aspect of a project as it is required to avoid the issues that
can be raised between the project members or stakeholders due to improper communication or
interaction. Conflict can be raised in a project due to numerous reasons like scheduling,
allocation of resources, priorities of a project, technical issues[ CITATION Tur16 \l 1033 ].
Similarly, the project of Hull Smart City can face major issues related to conflict for a number of
reasons. For example, the project responsibility has been given to two different companies which
are Connexin and Cisco. Thus, the project posses the risk of conflict between the companies due
to the difference in working approach. Both organizations follow different approaches and
strategies for executing their project. This is why the chance of conflict between the companies is
high. Technical issues, resource allocation and scheduling can also be the factors or reasons for
conflict in the project. Planning is also an important aspect that can lead to generating conflict in
the project. Considering the software installation in the project, it can be said that the
responsibility of execution has been given to both Connexin and Cisco. Thus, the chance of
conflict is higher among them as a chance of contradiction involves between the organizations.
In order to deal with the potential threat or risks of conflict, the project can also focus on
developing a collaborative team or committee. The Hull City Council is needed to take the
responsibility of establishing the team. The committee should have representative members from

16
both companies. Simply the committee members are required to work as a mediator for solving
the issues. Further, recruitment of a consultancy firm is also needed to consider for helping the
project members in installation of software or hardware.

Negotiation can also be considered an important part of the project. Negotiation is required in the
project to solve the conflict or issues[ CITATION You16 \l 1033 ]. For example, the project team
will require to access various historical structures and monuments in the city. It can lead to
raising issues or face complications from the authorities of the buildings. Thus, the Hull City
Council is needed to undertake a strategy for negotiating with other organizations or authorities.
With the responsibility, Hull City Council must ensure free and complication free access to the
required locations for the smart city development of Hull.

Task 7: Teamwork
Teams within projects are generally found to be in a temporary state to deliver necessary
outcomes and outputs for the same. Moreover, projects are based on the formation of
multifunctional as well as adequately skilled members through an increased set of knowledge. In
order to further improve the effectiveness levels within projects, project managers should further
focus on higher leadership skills and higher motivation levels within their team members.
Therefore, this further helps in additional empowerment and engagement within others.

According to the words of Coleman and Bourne (2018), project leadership includes the process
of additional inspiration providing guidance guiding the team towards working towards the
implementation of the plan. In addition to that, leadership within the projects is found to be more
effective when incorporated through consultative and participative styles. However, efficient
project managers are often found to address the necessary parameters and guidelines towards
their team rather than highlighting how to complete their jobs. Therefore, an efficient delegation
of jobs is found to be important inefficient team management and teamwork procedure.
Moreover, words of Thompson and Glasø (2018) state situational leadership styles as efficient
within the management processes for the project managers to adopt. Furthermore, the concerned
leadership styles are found to provide necessary direction towards their team members rather
than coaching or mentoring them. The current case study also highlights a diverse team with
additional responsibilities of maintaining different software technologies within the project.

17
Therefore, team members from diverse cultures can further improve the solutions with different
approaches under a single table.

18
Conclusion
The current report has been undertaken for the Smart City OS project in the assessment of
different skills developed for the project managers. Furthermore, the study also highlighted
important skills for the project manager to be efficient communication levels and effective
utilisation of technology and resources. Furthermore, the stakeholder engagement matrix
highlighted important stakeholders as the total population of the Hull city, "Humberside Fire and
Rescue Service" along with the assistant director who was also found to be the project manager.
In addition to that, the project triangle highlighted different concepts like budget, deadlines, and
scope for management of the project in the context of the smart Hull city project. The financial
management in the project is also identified as a key aspect that requires to manage by focusing
on the purchase of good quality materials like cables, IoT devices, etc. The risk management
approach along with the conflict management as well as negotiation is also the key factors of
successful completion of the Hull Smart City Project.

19
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