ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

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ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

Introduction:
Regarding technological advancement, law firms have historically lagged behind the times
for various reasons, including lawyers who are reluctant to take chances, the partnership
arrangement, and the billable hours model. Legal fraternity must practice adopting
technology as quickly as possible because the costs associated with maintaining infrastructure
and clients' expectations regarding digitization are rising.
As history demonstrates, fighting against technological advancement will only slow progress
and make life more difficult. Every day, customers have more and more technology needs,
and the first step that law firms need to take to address those needs is to utilize technology.
According to a survey published by Gartner, only 19% of in-house legal teams can keep up
with the rapid pace at which technology is advancing. According to a McKinsey survey, legal
companies driven by technology have a 23 times greater chance of acquiring consumers, a six
times greater chance of retaining customers, and a 19 times greater chance of being
profitable. Anti-money laundering (AML) and the General Data Protection Regulation
(GDPR) are two new rules that have been added to the legal field, making using process
automation or law tech solutions necessary. These two regulations are also examples of new
rules that have been added to the legal area.1
Use of technology in law firms in real life:
Just because clients prefer to communicate with law firms directly through emails and texts,
law firms are forced to engage with one another over the internet. The perspective that Covid
19 holds concerning law firms has not shifted. Keeping this in mind, The Law Society
launched a campaign called Return, Restart, and Recovery to assist law firms experiencing
issues with their technology. Affordable legal technology helps law firms work more
efficiently, generate more money, and remain competitive in an increasingly saturated
market. It also helps law firms save money. There is already technology available that can be
used to draft legal documents, conduct legal research, disclose records in court, carry out due
diligence, provide legal advice, and settle disputes online. The field of law can benefit from
improvements in accessibility, collaboration, resilience, and flexibility brought about by
technological advancements. It also helps manage the pressure from clients and makes it
easier for clients to afford legal services.
According to Google trends, consumers increasingly adopt digital behaviours in their daily
lives. The research conducted by the law society reveals that the law of self-service, in which
clients deal with law firms as little as possible, is becoming the standard practice. Therefore,
there is no other justification for smart businessmen and law firms to avoid using
technological instruments.
Technological tools:
Let's talk about the various technological tools that may or may not have a place in the legal
field. There is a wide variety of choices regarding software as a service (SaaS) for managing

1
Adler B, “Trends in Cloud Computing: 2022 State of the Cloud Report” (Flexera BlogApril 13, 2022)
<https://www.flexera.com/blog/industry-trends/trend-of-cloud-computing-2020/> accessed December
23, 2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

cases and practices. The vendor fully works and maintains these solutions, has cheap
subscription costs, and automatically updates itself. They have access to a wealth of essential
software that has the potential to prevent them from going bankrupt. Establishing digital
companies that assist with client-focused marketing, acquiring additional clients, and
enhancing website traffic via search engine optimization, financial modelling, sponsored
traffic campaigns, and social media marketing is now standard practice. When a broader
platform is used to manage a firm, prices are reduced, and software can communicate with
one another more effectively. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) refers to a type of software
that enables anyone to configure it. It makes use of artificial intelligence or robots that can
transform.2
When legal firms use apps with the ID/AML feature, the process of proving their
identification to new clients can be completed in as few as eight steps, speeding up the
process of taking on new customers. Integration devices with the Land Registry (automatic
title checks), the development of welcome packs, and mobile app services that communicate
information with the client are some examples. Additional examples include project
milestones and automated alarms.As a natural progression of self-service, do-it-yourself
(DIY) law allows individuals to drag their wills and get divorced without going to court. Do-
it-yourself (DIY) solutions make it simpler, more affordable, and simpler to automate routine
legal dealings. A simple illustration of artificial intelligence, sometimes known as a chatbot,
is a program that can carry on conversations with humans or send messages.
Robo-attorneys capable of contesting parking fines, creating legally enforceable non-
disclosure agreements (NDAs), or working as virtual assistants to aid with onboarding new
customers have been made. Law firms must shift their focus away from lawyer training and
labour and toward the clients as early as possible, this goal can be achieved only by
increasing the use of technology in law firms and other legal organizations. Almost every
sector of the economy and virtually every business is transforming due to artificial
intelligence (AI), albeit some are changing more rapidly and radically than others. In contrast
to the industrial revolution, which replaced human beings with hydraulic pistons and diesel
engines to do physical work, the AI-powered revolution is replacing human interference with
machines that do them for us. It is possible that AI is only improving specific blue-collar
jobs, but it's fundamentally altering many white-collar jobs in ways previously assumed to be
immune to automation. The potential of AI to perform tasks that humans were once unable to
do is completely revolutionizing certain aspects of these vocations.
Artificial intelligence complements human coworkers in the workplace and, in some
situations, takes their place. In this respect, artificial intelligence is bringing about significant
shifts in how lawyers carry out their work. Although it is more likely that AI will assist
lawyers shortly than it will replace them, it is already being used to look over contracts,
uncover relevant documents during the discovery process, and undertake legal research. AI is
currently being used to assist in the writing of contracts, forecast what will occur in court, and
even propose to judges how they should decide on a punishment or bail amount. There are
actual ways that AI could be of use to the legal system. It can assist attorneys in getting more
work done and avoiding errors that might result in significant financial losses. In certain
2
Cohen MA, “When Will the Legal Industry Become Customer-Centric?” (ForbesOctober 27, 2020)
<https://www.forbes.com/sites/markcohen1/2020/10/27/when-will-the-legal-industry-become-customer-
centric/?sh=3205a8b35512> accessed December 23, 2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

circumstances, it can also help the judicial system operate more quickly by accelerating the
research process and the decision-making process. However, artificial intelligence is not yet
capable of completely replacing humans in the realm of law. Before artificial intelligence can
be utilized in certain legal contexts, problems like as the possibility of bias in the data it
employs and the inability to fully understand the reasoning behind decisions made by AI in a
way that is comprehensible to humans need to be resolved.
AI, and particularly Machine Learning (ML), is already being utilized by attorneys in order to
conduct contract reviews in a more timely and reliable manner. This enables them to uncover
issues and errors that human lawyers might have overlooked. Startups like as Lawgeex
provide a service that can analyze contracts more quickly and, in certain instances, more
accurately than people can. In the context of a legal dispute, "discovery" refers to the
procedure whereby an opposing party's significant papers are obtained. The employment of
algorithms in this process has been going on for some time now. In addition, ML is being
employed in this endeavour as of right now. It is not always easy to think of all of the
numerous ways a subject could be characterized or referred to when one is attempting to
obtain and locate all of the pertinent documentation. On the other hand, certain records
cannot be examined, and the attorney (or the judge) may try to restrict the scope of the search
so as not to place an undue amount of emotional strain on the party that is handing up the
documents. Both supervised learning and unsupervised learning are important components in
helping machine learning thread this needle. Using AI, businesses like as CS Disco, which
recently went public, assist law firms all around the United States in finding evidence. AI is
also put to good use in the field of legal research, which is yet another domain in which
attorneys already make extensive use of the technology. It is possible for attorneys to be
employing AI in this field without even being aware of it because AI has become so
incorporated into many research services. Since more than three years ago, Thomson Reuters
has been providing access to Westlaw Edge. In addition to the keyword or boolean search
strategy that has made this service famous for many years, semantic search has also been
implemented. This indicates that the algorithms for machine learning are not just attempting
to match the words to keywords, but are also attempting to determine the meaning of the
phrases. Another example of a feature that makes use of AI is found in Westlaw Edge, and
it's called Quick Check. It analyses a draught argument using AI in order to gain additional
knowledge or locate important sources that may have been overlooked. It is even possible for
Quick Check to determine whether or not a case that was mentioned has been indirectly
overturned.3
The AI is capable of both creating and understanding material. In contrast to the artificial
intelligence that is used to power self-driving cars, which must always perform flawlessly lest
it put people's lives in danger, generative AI can make mistakes. Works produced by AI is
interesting because it contains contain peculiar and unexpected components. Because AI
takes a fundamentally different approach to creativity than humans do, sometimes the path it
chooses or the end product can be unexpected. This aspect of artificial intelligence (AI) is
referred to as "emergent behaviour." Emergent behaviour can lead to novel strategies for
winning games, discovering new treatments, or even just expressing the same idea in a

3
Cohen MA, “Why Can't the Legal Function Prove Its Value?” (ForbesJanuary 11, 2021)
<https://www.forbes.com/sites/markcohen1/2021/01/11/why-cant-the-legal-function-prove-its-value/?
sh=1ad29ed8cd6f> accessed December 23, 2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

different way. When it comes to written content, human authors are still need to supervise the
creative process and choose which of the numerous phrases or variations that AI comes up
with to employ. This is because AI is not yet capable of creating original content on its own.
The development of new algorithms and the expansion of existing AI models have made
many of these things feasible.
OpenAI:
OpenAI is responsible for creating one of these models, which is known as GPT-3. GPT-3 is
a generative model that can predict what the following audio or text token will be in a
sequence. It can do this for both text and audio tokens. It is a "transformer," which implies
that it takes data sequences in context, like a sentence, and concentrates on the most relevant
elements to make the task seem natural, expected, and in harmony. GPT-3 does this by taking
data sequences and transforming them into sentences. GPT-3 is unique in that it is a pre-
trained model that contains approximately 200 billion parameters and was trained using 500
billion words. This makes it distinct from other models. In the disciplines of creative writing
and journalism, this method has previously been utilized, and there are currently a large
number of generating text tools available for use in those fields; some of these tools are based
on GPT-3. You can give an AI writer a brief cue, and it will produce a tale, article, or report
for you, but you shouldn't expect it to be flawless. Sometimes the AI tool will generate
completely unrelated thoughts or subjects. Because AI is not based on human experience, it is
possible that it will make certain factual mistakes or weird references.
It will be necessary to instruct AI on how to be an effective lawyer before it can do tasks such
as writing legal contracts. This means that the person who created the AI is responsible for
gathering data regarding the effectiveness of various forms of contractual language in the
courtroom. The term for this practise is "labelling." Following this, the artificial intelligence
is instructed by the tagged data on how to properly create a contract. However, the actual
legal performance of a contract can frequently vary from case to case depending on the
circumstances. In addition to this, it differs from jurisdiction to jurisdiction and is
continuously evolving. Additionally, since the majority of contracts are never taken to court,
the provisions of those contracts are never tested and are instead kept a secret. If AI systems
ever learn about contracts, they might make both good and bad legal work more difficult.
Because of these issues, it is difficult to imagine how artificial intelligence contract writers
will become significantly more effective in the near future. AI tools simply do not know
enough about their respective domains and are unable to use language with sufficient
precision to function on their own. Even if using these tools could make writing language
easier for you, it is still necessary for actual people to review the outcomes before they can be
implemented. Additionally, AI is being put to use in a novel method to forecast the results of
court cases. Knowing the likelihood of success in a legal proceeding can be of great
assistance in many situations. It provides the ability for an attorney to determine whether or
not to take a case on contingency, whether or not to spend money on experts, and whether or
not to recommend that their clients settle. Machine learning and predictive analytics are tools
that businesses like Lex Machina use to learn about judges, lawyers, and the case itself in
order to make predictions about how those individuals will behave and what will occur.4
4
“The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What It Means and How to Respond” (World Economic Forum)
<https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-
respond/> accessed December 23, 2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

One particularly concerning application of AI is in assisting judges with bail and sentencing
decisions. Alternative Sanctions Profiling in Correctional Offender Management is one such
application (COMPAS). Many states' criminal courts now use COMPAS and similar artificial
intelligence tools to predict whether or not a defendant or ex-offender is likely to commit new
crimes before trial, during their sentence, or upon early release. Different people have varying
opinions on how effective and equitable these methods actually are. According to research
published by ProPublica, these evaluation methods unfairly label black inmates as more
likely to commit new crimes than white inmates. Equivant, the manufacturer of COMPAS,
contested the findings of the ProPublica study and expressed disagreement with its findings
of racial bias. However, there is a chance that incorporating AI into this setting will highlight
the inherent bias in the data used by the criminal justice system. In order to train their ML
models, the data scientists use actual arrest and conviction rates, which may have racial or
ethnic biases. As a result, it may serve to solidify wrongdoing or, even worse, give it the
appearance of computer-generated objectivity.5

AI raises a host of questions in the context of the legal profession:

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a useful weapon in the fight for justice because it helps move
cases along more quickly and reduces the likelihood of errors or oversights being made. The
use of AI to resolve civil cases could be advantageous because it would be quicker, more
accurate, and wouldn't lead to a moral hazard.6
Things get more complicated when AI is used to replace human judgement, especially in the
field of criminal law. There are a number of reasons why AI is not yet prepared to do this.
One issue is that the resulting ML models may perpetuate biases present in the training data.
It's possible that we can figure this out. In fact, it is possible that removing bias from our
training data will illuminate and fix some of the racism and sexism embedded in our legal
system.
However, fairness issues arise because AI is not always simple and straightforward. No one
has figured out how to cross-examine a deep learning artificial neural network. Humanity's
flaws are reflected in the AI mirror. The reality and limitations of human justifications for
their choices may be better understood if we can determine why an AI makes a
recommendation.
And more importantly, it may be wrong to allow algorithms to make decisions that limit
people's agency. Machine learning algorithms may one day accurately predict when a person
is likely to commit a crime, much like the fictional Minority Report. One more compelling
argument for limiting the use of AI in criminal cases is the risk that judges, lawyers, and the
public will place too much faith in its findings. Decisions may still be made by humans, but
they may rely too heavily on technologically-based suggestions. In the context of automation,

5
Ibid.
6
“In the Future, the next Normal Will Be Digital” (McKinsey & Company)
<https://www.mckinsey.com/Videos/video?
vid=6179664830001&plyrid=HkOJqCPWdb&aid=7329D72E-9A50-472C-8702-8CF3F2A5F290>
accessed December 23, 2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

this is known as bias. This faith may be misplaced in AI, however, as the technology may not
be as "intelligent" as it first appears.7
It cannot be emphasized enough that the legal sector is at a crossroads in its digital evolution.
McKinsey defines the "next normal" as an acceleration of digitalization and a re-imagining of
business supported by technology to improve customer service. Before the financial crisis,
92% of CEOs said they believed their company's model would fail in the face of ongoing
digitalization. This trend has been accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. The legal
industry is not immune to the effects of digitalization on business practises. Lawyers who
have been slow to adapt their services to meet the evolving needs of their clients run the risk
of falling further behind the pack. While some providers of legal services are actively seeking
out new ways to meet the needs of their customers, others are remaining static, widening the
gap between them and their clients and providing an opportunity for more customer-centric
firms to quickly gain market share. Basically, digitalization enables businesses to prioritize
their customers, which is essential for survival and growth.8
Businesses' primary focus now is on providing better support for their ever-growing customer
bases, as the importance of customer spending continues to grow in tandem with the
economy. Customers in the business-to-consumer sector are accustomed to a more
streamlined, instantaneous, and user-centric service. Easy-to-use banking or food delivery
apps, for instance, have ushered in a new era of efficiency in the way companies
communicate with one another. Results from modifying customer experience processes have
been uniform across business-to-business and business-to-consumer sectors, including
increases in customer satisfaction and sales of 10–20% and decreases in cost of customer
service of 10–15%, respectively. According to KPMG's Head of Global Legal Services,
clients' satisfaction will be paramount in the industry by 2025. Customers are also heavily
digitizing their own enterprises by migrating to the cloud in an effort to enhance service
delivery, enhance security, and increase operational latitude. According to the 2020 State of
the Cloud Report, the majority of businesses (57%) believe that they will increase their use of
cloud services in the future, and 93 percent of those businesses already use multiple clouds.9

Client experience in every industry now covers the entire scope of how the service is
delivered and this requires digitalization. Clients expect connectivity, efficiency,
centralization and transparency. They want real-time communication with lawyers, and the
ability to work on the go. They also want their services done quicker, at a lower cost – hours
billed for manual processes that can be automated are no longer accepted as an inevitability.
As the business they support go digital, KPMG predicts that pressure to reduce costs and

7
Um J, “#Greatexpectations, Part V: Cloudy with a Chance of Digital Disruption (220)” (Legal EvolutionJanuary
29, 2021) <https://www.legalevolution.org/2021/01/greatexpectations-part-v-cloudy-with-a-chance-of-
digital-disruption-230/> accessed December 23, 2022
8
Cohen MA, “When Will the Legal Industry Become Customer-Centric?” (ForbesOctober 27, 2020)
<https://www.forbes.com/sites/markcohen1/2020/10/27/when-will-the-legal-industry-become-customer-
centric/?sh=3205a8b35512> accessed December 23, 2022
9
Um J, “#Greatexpectations, Part V: Cloudy with a Chance of Digital Disruption (220)” (Legal EvolutionJanuary
29, 2021) <https://www.legalevolution.org/2021/01/greatexpectations-part-v-cloudy-with-a-chance-of-
digital-disruption-230/> accessed December 23, 2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

growing comfort with automated solutions will combine to see the automation of routine
legal work being subsumed into the legal business as a route to efficiency.10
Legal departments can enhance their offerings by making better use of technology as
businesses reevaluate the legal role. Tools like transaction management systems that boost
productivity and deliver a rapid return on investment (ROI) should be given high attention by
businesses. McKinsey predicts that by 2025, automated technology will free up as much as
23 percent of lawyers' work. Making everything from scratch isn't necessary, but digital tools
and automated processes can help you get more done in less time. The following
consequences on customer relationships may result from the effective application of this
technology, combined with its data security, scalability, and ease of use.11
 A group of people can collaborate on a legal problem by using a central online hub
that provides quick access to relevant data and paints a comprehensive picture of the
transaction.
 With Closd, legal professionals can better manage their time, locate relevant
documents quickly, and monitor the status of their cases in real time. The client will
feel informed and included as a result.
 Customers can get the convenience and responsiveness they need with a digital
closure solution.
 A lawyer in the United Kingdom, for instance, can arrange for an electronic signature
gathering with a client in Sydney to begin at a time that is most convenient for both
parties, and then watch the process unfold remotely.
By streamlining and simplifying the entire transaction procedure, automation provides
customers with greater operational freedom and efficiency.12
Some clients have expressed frustration that billable hours were spent on non-billable
activities such as document retrieval, party coordination, and the organization of inconvenient
in-person closings. At their core, transaction management tools are designed to maximize
efficiency for this very reason. Workflow automation at each stage of a deal, from Know
Your Customer (KYC) to post-closing, eliminates boring time-consuming tasks like paper-
based closing bible assembly and saves hours of labour. AI sets up automatic reminders for
case milestones or deadlines so stakeholders don't have to guess when to follow up via email.
Together, these make the closing process easy, saving time and money for the customer.13
Customers increasingly demand a secure repository for their most private records in the face
of growing cybersecurity concerns. They also want their data to comply with the evolving
rules and regulations surrounding data sovereignty. The increasing adoption of cloud-based
10
“Increase Your Law Firms' Profitability Working Smarter, Not Harder” (Back to top)
<https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en-gb/expert-insights/increase-law-firms-profitability-working-smarter-
not-harder> accessed December 23, 2022
11
“Technology and the Legal Sector” (Technology in the Legal Sector | Mitchell Charlesworth)
<https://www.mitchellcharlesworth.co.uk/news/technology-and-the-legal-sector/> accessed December
23, 2022
12
Ibid.
13
“Staying Competitive in the Legal Market” (Mitchell Charlesworth)
<https://www.mitchellcharlesworth.co.uk/news/staying-competitive-in-the-legal-market/#:~:text=Some
%20of%20the%20ways%20law,value%20and%20developing%20their%20brand.> accessed December 23,
2022
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

solutions is encouraging. Compared to on-premises paper-based services and infrastructures,

the security offered by these tools is much higher. The software foundation of Closd was
designed from the ground up to ensure the safety of its users' information. A leading cloud
services provider in the European Union (EU) encrypts all user data and stores it there in a
way that prevents unauthorized access or modification of data at any time. Electronic
signature services, for example, are completely legitimate and legal. Closd's digital safe
preserves documents without affecting their probative value, which protects clients both now
and in the future. Businesses that move their operations to the cloud gain a cost advantage in
their IT and infrastructure, making their systems more resilient and adaptable.
In general, the legal sector's adoption of new technologies has been sluggish and uneven.
Client expectations have increased beyond the scope of what can be provided by the
traditional legal model, but many firms have been reluctant to invest in technology to meet
those needs. This is due in part to the industry's historical conservatism, but also to a lack of
change management strategies and senior executives with the necessary experience and
resources to implement legal technology on a wide scale. Another issue is that the legal
technology market is becoming increasingly saturated, making it harder for organizations to
discover and evaluate novel solutions.
Many companies are yet to adopt AI, but a significant number of companies have adopted it.
Forbes highlights these companies and "business of law providers" that have made significant
improvements in technology and quality of service to their clientele. To put it another way,
these "business of law providers" are nimble, scalable, and enabled by technology. Using
professional jargon and demonstrating value to clients has helped them earn praise and repeat
business. To make the law more proactive and useful to businesses, they are also expanding
its traditional bounds.
According to Artificial Lawyer, legal technology hasn't revolutionized the field so much as
it's become embedded within it, and a great deal of labor-intensive manual labour remains
central to the legal process. A shift in the economic model of legal production can be brought
about by even these modest adjustments, giving an edge to those who can best leverage
technology. Legal experts are also at the very beginning of their use of technology. Until
COVID-19, the shift had been occurring at a glacial pace, but it has picked up speed since
then.14
There has never been more competition in the market for legal services due to the constant
influx of new entrants. Law firms can only thrive in the modern economy if they rapidly
adopt digital technologies and adapt their business models to better serve their clients. There
are numerous law firms from which clients can choose. Customers prefer cutting-edge
businesses that pay attention to their needs and work to enhance the value they receive in
terms of quality, speed, and cost.15

14
Maechler N, Sahni S and Oostrum Mvan, “Improving the Business-to-Business Customer Experience”
(McKinsey & CompanyMarch 31, 2021) <https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/marketing-
and-sales/our-insights/improving-the-business-to-business-customer-experience> accessed December 23,
2022
15
Ibid.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

COMMENT
References:
1. Adler B, "Trends in Cloud Computing: 2022 State of the Cloud Report" (Flexera
BlogApril 13, 2022) <https://www.flexera.com/blog/industry-trends/trend-of-
cloud-computing-2020/> accessed December 23, 2022
2. Cohen MA, "When Will the Legal Industry Become Customer-Centric?"
(ForbesOctober 27, 2020)
<https://www.forbes.com/sites/markcohen1/2020/10/27/when-will-the-legal-
industry-become-customer-centric/?sh=3205a8b35512> accessed December 23,
2022
3. Cohen MA, "Why Can't the Legal Function Prove Its Value?" (ForbesJanuary 11,
2021) <https://www.forbes.com/sites/markcohen1/2021/01/11/why-cant-the-legal-
function-prove-its-value/?sh=1ad29ed8cd6f> accessed December 23, 2022
4. "The Fourth Industrial Revolution: What It Means and How to Respond" (World
Economic Forum) <https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2016/01/the-fourth-
industrial-revolution-what-it-means-and-how-to-respond/> accessed December 23,
2022
5. "In the Future, the next Normal Will Be Digital" (McKinsey & Company)
<https://www.mckinsey.com/Videos/video?
vid=6179664830001&plyrid=HkOJqCPWdb&aid=7329D72E-9A50-472C-
8702-8CF3F2A5F290> accessed December 23, 2022
6. Um J, "#Greatexpectations, Part V: Cloudy with a Chance of Digital Disruption
(220)" (Legal EvolutionJanuary 29, 2021)
<https://www.legalevolution.org/2021/01/greatexpectations-part-v-cloudy-with-a-
chance-of-digital-disruption-230/> accessed December 23, 2022
7. Cohen MA, "When Will the Legal Industry Become Customer-Centric?"
(ForbesOctober 27, 2020)
<https://www.forbes.com/sites/markcohen1/2020/10/27/when-will-the-legal-
industry-become-customer-centric/?sh=3205a8b35512> accessed December 23,
2022
8. Um J, "#Greatexpectations, Part V: Cloudy with a Chance of Digital Disruption
(220)" (Legal EvolutionJanuary 29, 2021)
<https://www.legalevolution.org/2021/01/greatexpectations-part-v-cloudy-with-a-
chance-of-digital-disruption-230/> accessed December 23, 2022
9. "Increase Your Law Firms' Profitability Working Smarter, Not Harder" (Back to top)
<https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en-gb/expert-insights/increase-law-firms-
profitability-working-smarter-not-harder> accessed December 23, 2022
10. "Technology and the Legal Sector" (Technology in the Legal Sector | Mitchell
Charlesworth) <https://www.mitchellcharlesworth.co.uk/news/technology-and-the-
legal-sector/> accessed December 23, 2022

11. "Staying Competitive in the Legal Market" (Mitchell Charlesworth)

<https://www.mitchellcharlesworth.co.uk/news/staying-competitive-in-the-legal-
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND BLOCKCHAIN IN LAW

market/#:~:text=Some%20of%20the%20ways%20law,value%20and%20developing
%20their%20brand.> accessed December 23, 2022
12. Maechler N, Sahni S and Oostrum Mvan, "Improving the Business-to-Business
Customer Experience" (McKinsey & CompanyMarch 31, 2021)
<https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/marketing-and-sales/our-insights/
improving-the-business-to-business-customer-experience> accessed December 23,
2022