3.

The magnetic North and South poles of the Earth correspond closely,
although not exactly, with the spin axis of the Earth. Although the mechanism
of generation of the magnetic field, called the geo-dynamo, is not fully
understood, it is clear that it has something to do with the rotation of the
Earth and the presence of mobile materials with significant electrical Enumerate the lines of evidence that
conductivity which can circulate.

4. Earthquakes don’t occur randomly across the world, but happen across
support plate movement.
limited belts which also contain most of the world’s volcanoes. These belts At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
mark the location of plate boundaries. These areas are so active because the
stress of 2 plates against each other and eventually gives in the form of a 1. Investigate the pieces of evidence of the
volcano or earthquake. The largest belt of activity is the “Ring of Fire”
Continental Drift Theory;
surrounding the Pacific Ocean which is home to 90% of all quakes.
2.
5. As we travel farther and farther out from the spreading center the rocks get
older and older, and the magnetic orientation of the rock changes with the
magnetic pole reversals.
• Continental Drift Theory- states that all the continents were
once one large landmass that broke apart and where the
pieces move slowly to their current locations.

Direction: Complete the table below by providing the needed information about each
evidence of plate movements.
Do you know some of the ideas presented by Alfred Wegener? He proposed Direction: Study the two pictures. Create a two sentences description of these
that the continents were not stationary but actually moving or drifting away pictures. You may use any available reference.

from one another. His primary sources of evidence included 1. the tilt of the
continents, 2. locations of fossil fuels 3. glacial till deposits and 4. the shift of
climates over time. These principles are considered and accepted in 1970
after all the principles on magnetic shifts, convection currents and sea floor
spreading were integrated called Plate Tectonics Theory. Take a look at the
photo. Study the photo to further your understanding of this principles.

There is a variety of evidence that supports the claims that plate tectonics
accounts for (1) the distribution of fossils on different continents, (2) the
occurrence of earthquakes, and (3) continental and ocean floor features
including mountains, volcanoes, faults, and trenches. The continents fit
together almost like puzzle pieces forming Pangaea (one super-continent).
Fossils on different continents are similar to fossils on continents that were
once connected. When the continents split, different life forms developed.
Most continental and oceanic floor features are the result of geological
activity and earthquakes along plate boundaries. The exact patterns depend
on whether the plates are converging (being pushed together) to create
mountains or deep ocean trenches, (diverging) being pulled apart to form
new ocean floor at mid-ocean ridges, or sliding past each other along surface
faults. Most distributions of rocks within Earth's crust, including minerals,
fossil fuels, and energy resources, are a direct result of the history of plate
motions and collisions and the corresponding changes in the configurations of
the continents and ocean basins.
Direction: Read the following paragraph. Determine whether these statements are
correct. Justify your answer if it is correct. If is false, try to explain what makes the
statements wrong.
1. One of the first lines of evidence suggesting the existence of plate tectonics was
the discovery of very similar fossils in rock masses separated by vast distances and
by ocean expanses. It suggested that those land areas had in the past been
connected.
2. The similarity of coastlines for different continents suggests that they may once
have been connected. But the fact that they were separated by sometimes
thousands of miles suggested continental drift or plate tectonics.