MATRIX SCIENCE ACADEMY

Network:

Interconnecting set of computers with each other using transmission

media , is known as network.
By using network , we can communicate or transfer data with each other .
We can do , the following tasks:
 Exchanging information.
 Sharing Hardware resources.
 Protecting information( protection from unauthorized people.)
 Preserving information. (storing information in a specific storage area.).

Network Installation:

There are three types of Network installation:

 Centralized –
In this installation ,the central computer is connected to
all other computers . It is also known as a Main Frame computer, while
other computers are known as Dumb computers.
 Distributed –
Each node can process in individual way . Using this
installation , more amount of data can be processed in a less amount of time.

 Collaborative-
It is also known as co-operating processing . The nodes collaborate with
each other , to share data.

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Network configuration:

 Peer to peer-
In this type there is no server or client ,
but each node has equal rights . Each node (peer) is communicating with
other nodes directly.
There is no server , hence it is known as peer to peer configuration .

Advantages of Peer to Peer Networks

1. It eliminates extra cost required in setting up the server.

2. Since each device is master of its own, they an: not dependent on other
computers for their operations.

Disadvantages of Peer to Peer Networks

1. In peer-to-peer network, the absence of centralized server make it difficult

to backup data as data is located on different workstations.

2. Security is weak as each system manages itself only.

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 Client server-

There is one masternode,known as

server.
This provides services to other nodes.The other nodes request for
services to the server , and the server processes it and responds to that
client with results.

Advantages of Client Server Networks

1. Centralized back up is possible.

2. Use of dedicated server improves the performance of whole system.

3. Security is better in these networks as all the shared resources are centrally
administered.

Disadvantages of Client Server Networks

1. It requires specialized servers with large memory and secondary storage.

This leads to increase in the cost.

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Types of network: Three types of network

1. LAN
2. MAN
3. WAN

# Parameter LAN MAN WAN

1 Meaning Local Area Network Metropolitan Area Wide Area

Network Network
2 Expands to A network that connects a It covers relatively large It spans large
group of computers in a region such as cities, locality and
small geographical area. towns. connects countries
together.
Ex. Internet.
3 Ownership Private Private or Public Private or Public
of Network
4 Design and Easy Difficult Difficult
maintenance
5 Speed High Moderate Low

6 Used for College, School, Hospital. Small towns, City. Country/Continent.

Applications of networking:

 E Mail:
an Electronic mail used as communication .to use email user need to
register on email server.
Eg. gmail.com

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 FTP (File transfer protocol)

This application facilities transfer of files from one computer to

another e.g. from a client to a server. There are 2 common processes
involved in FTP

Downloading: -

This is the process of obtaining files from a server to a workstation or

a client (for example when you download programs and music from a
server).

Uploading:-

This is obtaining of files from a workstation to a server (for instance

when you attach documents and upload them to a server, a good example
being when you upload photos to Facebook).

 WWW (World wide web): internet is most used application of networking.

 E-commerce:
used to sale and buy products on online platform eg.flipkart.

 BBS (Bulletin Board Service ):

A bulletin board system or BBS is a computer server software that allows
users to connect to the system using a terminal program. Once logged in,
the user can perform functions such as uploading

…End…

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