Bahria University Islamabad Campus

Name: Muhammad Irsam Khan

Enrollment:01-111192-175
Section: BBA 4-3D
Course: Islamic Socio Economic Studies
Submitted to: Sir Younas
 Table of Contents
ON Page

I. The Childhood of Prophet Muhammad

3 …………………………………………‫ﷺ‬
II. Early Adulthood of Prophet Muhammad
4.………………………………………‫ﷺ‬
III. The Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Marriage……………………………………………….5
IV. The Coming and Guidance from Hazrat Gabriel to Prophet 5……………‫ﷺ‬
V. The First Muslims Under Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Mecca…………………………….6
VI. The Troubles begin for Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Mecca……………………………….7
VII. The Cruelty of Quraysh on Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Mecca………………………….8
VIII. The Year of Sorrow for Prophet Muhammad
10…………………………………‫ﷺ‬
IX. The Night journey and the Ascent to heaven of Muhammad 10…………‫ﷺ‬
X. AL-HIJRAH…………………………………………………………………………………………...11
XI.
 The Life of Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Makkah

1) The Childhood of Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.

Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was born on Monday, “the Twelfth day of Rabi al- Awwal” in around
the year 570 CE in the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraysh tribe, one of the Mecca’s most
prominent families. His father, “Abdullah”, died almost six months before the birth of Prophet
Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬. Then when Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Was about Seven days old His grandfather
“Abd al-Muttalib”, had a dream that he should give his grandson name “Muhammad ‫ ”ﷺ‬and
he exactly did that. So in this way the newly born got the name “Muhammad ‫ ”ﷺ‬which means
“The Praised One”.
Then at the early days of prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬his mother “Aminah” decided to send her
son away from the city to the desert where at that time it was consider healthier to stay. The
women from the deserts would keep the newly born children until they developed into strong
children. So at very first when the women from desert came to take the newly born babies no
one took the responsibilities of prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬because he had no father who could
pay instead of taking care of him. But there was one women name “Halima”, who was so poor
that she can’t even feed her own son properly, but she wanted to take care any one baby so
she asked her husband that whether they should take the responsibility of prophet Muhammad
‫ ﷺ‬or not. Her husband replied that they should do it and Insha’Allah, Allah will grant the ways
to fulfill the responsibilities of prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.
So when Bibi Halima took the responsibility of prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬from that moment her
and her family life started to change, for example when Bibi Halima started to feed Muhammad
‫ ﷺ‬her milk suddenly her milk increased and she had more than enough to not only feed
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬but also her bay too. And the land where they took prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬it
certainly became green, and the date trees started to grow there, and whole lots of fruits too.
Even the sheep and their she –camel began to give lots of milk. At that time Bibi Halima and her
husband knew that this child “Prophet Muhammad ‫ ”ﷺ‬had brought the good fortune in their
lives.
When Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was almost two years old, Bibi Halima brought him back to her and
pledge her that let her keep the baby for a little long time and the mother agreed on that.
During Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬stay there Allah made his heart pure because Almighty wanted him to
be the greater than any man ever born and to become the seal of the prophets.
“In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful “Did We not expand thy breast for thee
and eased thee of thy burden Which weighed down thy back; And exalted thy fame? So truly
with hardship comes ease, truly with hardship comes ease. So when thou art relieved, still
toil and strive to please thy Lord”. (Qur'an 94.1-8)
After Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬turned three years old he returned to live with his mother in mecca. And
when Muhamad ‫ ﷺ‬turned six her mother decided to take him on a visit to his uncles in Yathrib.
So They both went there and stay in Yathrib for almost a month and Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬
was very much happy with the time he was spending with his cousins. After sometime
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and her mother started their journey back to mecca, however, On the way
Muhammad’s ‫ ﷺ‬mother became very much ill and died and she was buried in the village at Al-
Abwa near Yathrib. Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬sadly returned to Mecca alone and in this way by the age of
six Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Lost both her Mother and Father.
At that time Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬then adopted by his grandfather “Abd al-Muttalib” who loved him
so dearly that when Abd al-Muttalib used to sit on his blanket near Ka‟bah no one was allowed
around him except for Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬. But after sometime his grandfather also became very ill
and when he was nearly dying he told his son “Abu Talib” to adopt Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Which he
did. Soon Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Become an essential part of “Abu Talib” Families.

2) Early Adulthood of Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬

So While still in his teens, the time came for Quraysh to prepare a Caravan to go to Syria.
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Uncle “Abu Talib” was going with them and he took him along. It was
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬first journey toward the northern sides and this was the first time Muhammad
‫ ﷺ‬was gaining the experience in commercial trade, and it the only career open to him as an
orphan.
When Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬reached Syria he was almost twelve years old, at one place near a market
in Syria lived a monk name “Bahira” who contained all the ancient Manuscripts. He saw the
caravan and saw that there was also a very huge white cloud shading one of the travelers in the
caravan and it also followed the caravan where ever it went. The Monk knew from the
Scriptures that A Last prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was expected to come and it was his wish to meet him before
he died. So he Invited all the Meccans to come and eat with him. All went and when the group
was all together for the meal Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was left behind to watch the camels then the
monk insisted that brought him as well for the meal. At last when Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬came the
monk took him to one side and talked with him and asked him that what did he feel about
those idols in Kabah, at this Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬replied that “There is nothing in this world that I
hate more”.
Then the monk Went to Abu Talib and told the whole story that how he knew about
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and all and he ordered Abu Talib to watch over Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬with great care.
Then as Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Was getting bigger and bigger with he wondered why people were
always struggling with the money and power and this saddened him and made him feel lonely
but he kept his feelings to himself. And whenever there was any occasion, dancing, music etc.
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬just felt really tired at those occasion and fell asleep and thus he just missed all
the celebrations. In this way Allah prevented him from doing anything foolish in his adulthood
because almighty was keeping Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬for something much more important.
 3) The Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Marriage.
By the time Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was twenty-five he was famous for his honesty. He was respected
by everyone, even the elders of Mecca. The purity of his nature increased with the years. It
seemed he had an inner knowledge that other people did not have. He believed in one God
(Allah) Creator of the world and he worshipped Him with all his heart and with all his soul.
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was the finest of his people, the most kind, truthful and reliable person in
Mecca. He was known among Quraysh as “the trustworthy” (al-Amin) because of the good
qualities Allah had given him. He spent many quiet hours in a cave in Mount Hira, not far from
Mecca, thinking about Allah.
Among the Quraysh there was a respected and wealthy woman named “Hazrat Khadijah”. She
was involved in trade and on hearing of Mohammad ‫ ﷺ‬reputation, she asked him to take her
goods and trade with them in Syria. Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬agreed and left for Syria with one of
Khadijah's caravans. With him went her slave, Maysarah, and they spent a great deal of time
talking together. Maysarah soon came to admire Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬. He thought he was very much
different from all the other men of Quraysh.
When they returned back in mecca Maysarah told Khadijah that what He had noticed about
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬character and behavior and also that he has brought back twice as much profit
as hazrat Khadijah had expected.
Hazrat Khadijah Was a widow and she was in her forties but as she was very much rich, highly
respected and very much beautiful too, many men of Quraysh wanted to marry her but none of
them suited her. But this time she thought that Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬is very much special. And she
sent a friend to ask Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬that why he was not married, so at this Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬said
that as he had no money that’s why, on this the friend replied that what if a rich, beautiful and
noble lady agreed to marry him, Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬asked “who” the friend replied It was Hazrat
Khadijah. Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was very happy, because he greatly respected Hazrat Khadijah.
Their marriage was a joyful one and Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and Khadijah were well suited. Their life
together, however, was not without some sadness. They were blessed with six children, two
sons and four daughters. Sadly, their first born, a son called Qasim, died shortly before his
second birthday, and their last child, also a son, only lived for a short time. Happily, their four
daughters-Zainab, Ruqayyah, Umm Kulthum, and Fatimah-all survived.
Then for few years Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Lived a calm and quiet life as a merchant in mecca. His
wisdom benefited many people during that time.

4) The coming of and guidance from Hazrat Gabriel to Prophet ‫ﷺ‬

When Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was about forty years old he totally believed that there was one Allah,
the creator of everything. He often left the crowed city and went into the cave name “Hira” he
likely to be alone there and away from all the thoughts of the world and daily life, once he was
spending his Ramadan in the cave the angel Gabriel came to Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in the cave and
commanded him to “Read”. Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬replied “I cannot read” At this Gabriel took
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in his arms and pressed him to him until it was almost too much to bear. He
then released him and said again “Read” “I cannot”, replied Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, at which Gabriel
embraced him again. For the third time he commanded Muhammad to read, but still he said he
could not and was again embraced. On releasing him this time, however, the Angel Gabriel said:
“Read: In the Name of thy Lord who created, Created man from a clot. Read: And thy Lord is
the Most Generous Who teaches by the pen, teaches man that which he knew not.” (Qur'an
96.1-5).
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬Repeated these verses and when Hazrat Gabriel was sure that Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬
knew them by heart, Gabriel left him there in the cave alone. At all of this Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬
became very much afraid and left the cave but after sometime a strange voice from heaven
stopped him and told him that “0 Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬you are the Messenger of Allah, and I am
Gabriel.”
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬then told Hazrat Khadijah that he had been chosen by Allah to be His
Messenger. Just as the Hazrat Gabriel had come to the cave while he was alone and had
ordered him to guide his people, but he would need to be very much patient. After that day
Hazrat Gabriel came often to the Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and the verses he taught him, the
message from Allah to man, were later written down, and are known to us as the Holy Qur'an.

5) The first Muslims Under prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Mecca

Now Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬had clearly understood that what he had to do and he prepared himself
for that as he was getting all the messages from Allah Almighty. Hazrat Khadijah was the first to
believe Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬and accept as true what he brought from Allah. Through her, Allah made
things easier for the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬. Hazrat Khadijah strengthened him, helped him spread his
message, and stood up to the people who were against him.
Then Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬slowly slowly began to speak secretly of Allah’s message to those people who
were very close to him and to whom he could trust. This was the time when mecca was going
through its hard times, with very little food to eat Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was finding it difficult to feed
his big family so Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬stepped forward and take the responsibility of one of Abu
Talib’s children “hazrat Ali”.
Then one day when Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was out of the city the angel Gabriel came and showed
prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬all the ritual ablution to be made before every prayer. Then the angel
showed him all the positions of Muslim prayer-the various movements and things to be said
with each of the movements. The prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬then returned home and at first he
taught all these things to Bibi Khadijah. And they were praying secretly in their homes, then one
day Hazrat Ali entered the room and found them praying and he was very much puzzled and
asked Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬that what they were doing.
Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬explained to hazrat Ali that they were praising Allah Almighty and was
giving thanks to him. At very start he was a little bit shaky but he had great respect and
admiration for his cousin and finally he went to Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and told him that he wanted to
follow him too. Thus Hazrat Khadijah was the first woman to embrace Islam, the teachings
which the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬brought from Allah, and Ali was the first young man. Shortly after they
were joined by Zaid ibn Harithah, a slave, freed and adopted by the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬.
After all this happened one day when Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was praying outside the city surprisingly
hazrat Abu Talib Happened to pass by and he saw him and asked him what he was doing. At
that time Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬told his uncle that he was praying for Allah Almighty. Hazrat Ali was
also there and he tried to make his father understand but hazrat Abu Talib said that he could
not leave his religion which was followed by his father. But he promised that as long as he was
alive no one would ever harm Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.
At about that time the news of Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬being the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬reached an honest, wise,
and respected merchant of Mecca called “Hazrat Abu Bakr”. He knew Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬
well and believed he could never lie, so he went to find out for himself if the stories were true.
The Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬told him that he had indeed been sent by Allah to teach everyone
to worship the one true Allah. On hearing this from the Prophet's ‫ ﷺ‬own lips Abu Bakr knew it
to be the truth and became a believer of Allah instantly.
And then Hazrat Abu Bakr started to help Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and started to talk with
different important people of Quraysh about Islam. First “Hazrat Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas” was
brought to Islam by Hazrat Abu Bakr and then the Slave of Hazrat Umayyah “Hazrat Bilal” was
brought to Islam by Hazrat Abu Bakr. In this way slowly the number of people following Prophet
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬began to grow. Sometimes they would all go out of the city to the mountains
around Mecca to hear him recite the Qur'an and to be taught by him. This was all done very
secretly and only a very few people knew about Islam in those early days.

6) The Troubles Begin for Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Mecca.

So now three years had been Passed away in all this and one day the angel hazrat Gabriel came
to prophet ‫ ﷺ‬and ordered him that from now own he would start preaching publically and
openly to everyone. After that one-day Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬stood on a hillside in mecca
called “Safa” everyone gathered around him and he started asking them that whether they
would believe him or not. So they all agreed to believe him after this Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬told them
that he was the Messenger of Allah, sent to show them the right way, and to warn them of
terrible punishments if they did not follow him in worshipping only Allah and none other.
But there was one Abu Lahab who was Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬uncle he stood up there and said to
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬that “May Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬perish”. So on this Allah Almighty sent a Surah and
that is.
“The Power of Abu Lahab will perish, and he will perish. His wealth and gains will not save
him. He shall roast at a flaming fire, and his wife, the carrier of firewood Will have upon her
neck a rope of palm-fibre”. (Qur'an 111.1-5).
Then all people went on their ways and Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was left alone but He again tried to
convince all of them so he invited them in a feast and after the meal he again tried to bring all
towards Islam and asked who would help him but only Hazrat Ali talk in his favor and all other
just left laughing on him.
After all this Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬secretly spreading his Massage of Allah to people and those who
believed in Allah also got abused by those Who Wouldn’t Believe. This was also Happened with
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬Like One day, when the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was returning home, speaking with his
followers, he met Abu Jahl, a Strong leader of Quraysh, who hated the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬very much
and his teachings. Abu Jahl started to insult him and to speak spitefully of Islam, but the
Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬stayed patient and made no reply and went on his way.
Later when Hazrat Hamza, one of Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬uncle got to know about what Abu Jahl did,
he went to Abu Jahl and stuck him with a violent blow, some of Abu Jahl men tried to get him
back but Abu Jahl stopped them and hazrat Hamza told them that never insult Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬
again as he now followed his religion too.
As time was passing by Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬preaching were increasing day by day so the group of
important men of Quraysh went to hazrat Abu Talib to tell him that if he did not stop his
nephew from destroying their leaders then they all would fight them both. Hazrat Abu Talib
sent a Message for Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬that spare his uncle and himself, did not put that much
burden which his uncle couldn’t bear. Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬replied to his uncle that “0 my uncle, by
Allah, if they put the sun in my right hand and the moon in my left in return for my giving up
this cause, I would not give it up until Allah makes Truth victorious, or I die in His service”.
Hazrat Abu Talib was deeply moved by this answer. He told the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬that he would
support him for as long as he lived and encouraged him to go on spreading Allah's message.
From That time onwards The Quraysh wanted to get rid of Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬followers so they
started persecuting those Muslims who were weak and poor. Once hazrat Umayyah was
torturing his slave Bilal in the deserts by putting big stone on his chest but luckily hazrat Abu
Bakr once was passing by and saw all that and immediately he bought Bilal and then set him
free. But Many suffered, but all of them endured it patiently, knowing that they were doing the
right thing and that their reward in the life to come would be greater' than any happiness they
could find on earth.

7) The Cruelty of Quraysh on Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬in Mecca.

The leaders of Quraysh became increasingly worried about the way the people of Mecca were
being divided by the Prophet's teachings. Finally, “Umar ibn al-Khattab”, one of the nobles of
Mecca, decided that the only way to silence the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was to kill him. Having made up his
mind, he set out at once to look for him. But in the way he met a person who told him that first
he should pay a visit to his home as his sister also follows Prophet ‫ﷺ‬. He couldn’t believe it so
he went to his home there he saw his sister and her husband reciting Quran Pak. Hazrat Umer
become very furious and he asked his sister “Bibi Fatima” about all that she lied, at which
hazrat umer lost his temper and he attacked his sister’s husband. In order to defend her
husband Fatimah admitted that yes they are Muslims and they believe in Allah and his
messenger and He can do anything with them as he liked it.
By seeing Fatimah’s Faith and courage, hazrat umber tried once to read Quran and he read.
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful “Ta Ha We have not revealed unto thee
(Muhammad) this Qur'an for thee to be distressed, but only as a reminder unto him who
fears a Revelation from Him who created the earth and the high heavens; the Beneficent One
Who is established on the Throne; To Him belongs Whatsoever is in the heavens and the
earth and all that is between them, and All that is underneath the soil. If Thou speaks aloud
Be thou loud in thy speech, yet Surely He knows the secret (thought) And that yet more
hidden. Allah There is no god but He to Him belong the Most Beautiful Names”. (Qur'an 20: 1-
8).
After reading it Umer’s heart was so touched he went to meet Prophet’s ‫ ﷺ‬with a sword his
hands and there in front of Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬he accepted that There is no God but Allah and
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬is the messenger of Allah. And in the next Morning in broad day light Hazrat
Umer Performed “Tawaf” for the first time with no fear.
Now the leaders of Quraysh became even more alarmed and began to see Islam as a threat to
the whole life of the city of Mecca. They Became more and more furious as the numbers of
Muslims increased until finally they decided as 'Umar once had, that the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬would
have to be killed.
When Hazrat Abu Talib got to know about these hideous plans, he sent an immediate message
to his sons that on the cost of their lives protect his nephew. So after this Quraysh realized that
they could not kill Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬so they hung a declaration on Kabah that nobody will grant
anything to Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬followers to eat and to drink and who ever will, die.
It was as though the Muslims were being strengthened and cleansed by the hardships they
suffered and were being tested in their faith. Each year at the time of the pilgrimage to Mecca,
people tame from all over Arabia. These pilgrims saw the terrible cruelty and injustice of
Quraysh towards the Muslims, and many of them were sorry for the Prophet's followers.
Quraysh began to feel ashamed of their harsh treatment, especially as many of the Muslims
were their cousins and close relatives. Finally, at the end of three years, they were convinced
that the time had come to put an end to the persecution of the Muslims, and they decided to
take down the notice hanging at the Ka‟bah. To their astonishment, the sheet of paper had
been completely eaten up by worms, all except the words, 'In Your Name, O Allah', which had
been written at the top of the paper.

8) The Year of Sorrow for Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.

The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬and his followers went back to normal living but sadly the years of hardships
had made Hazrat Khadijah very much weak and she became very ill from that and soon she died
because of her illness. And thus Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬lost his beloved wife and a friend. The First Person
to accept Islam and support prophet ‫ ﷺ‬and the best company in his suffering died in 619 A.D
and this year was named as “the year of sorrow”.
Very soon after Hazrat Khadijah’s death, prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬uncle and his protector,
Hazrat Abu Talib also died. Not Only it was a very sad moment for Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬but
it was also a dangerous one because now there was no one to protect him from Quraysh.
Now the enemies of Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬rejoined again and they began to treat him even worse
than before, they now teased him in his coming and going way, they hit him with sharp stones
and they also threw some filth on him every day. Now even the small children started to insult
him every time he passes by.
At last Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬felt that Islam could not make further progress in mecca and he
left the city for a while to go to other tribes and try to convince them but the tribe leaders also
refuse Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬message and not only that they also laughed at him and insult him badly.
So unfortunately he left that tribes too. He found a quit place a lonely house at the edge of the
city Mecca and he stayed there and there he started praying to Allah.

9) The Night journey and the Ascent to heaven of Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.

One night as the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬lay sleeping in the same spot where Hazrat 'Abd al-Muttalib used
to sleep, next to the Ka‟bah, he was woken by the angel Gabriel. Later the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬
described what happened: “I sat up and he took hold of my arm. I stood beside him and he
brought me to the door of the mosque where there was a white animal for me to ride”
The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬told of how he mounted the animal and, with the angel Gabriel at his side, was
transported from Mecca to the mosque called al-Aqsa, in faraway Jerusalem. There the Prophet
‫ ﷺ‬found Abraham, Moses, and Jesus among a group of Prophets. The Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬
acted as their leader, or imam, in prayer. Then he was brought two jugs, one containing wine
and the other milk. He chose the milk and refused the wine. At this, the angel Gabriel said, “You
have been rightly guided to the fitnah, the true nature of man, and so will your people be,
Muhammad. Wine is forbidden to you”. The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬also related how they passed through
Heaven's gates and saw countless angels. Among them was Malik, the Keeper of Hell, who
never smiles. Malik stepped forward and showed the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬a view of Hell and the terrible
plight of those who suffer in that place. Then the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬was taken up by the angels,
through the seven Heavens, one by one Along the way he again saw Jesus, Moses, and
Abraham, and the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬said that he had never seen a man more like himself than
Abraham. He also saw John, called Yahiya in Arabic, Joseph or Yousef, Enoch, that is Idris, and
Aaron. At last he reached the Lote Tree of the Uttermost, the sidrat al-muntaha where no
Prophet had been before. Here the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬received Revelation of what Muslims believe.
“The Messenger believeth in that which hath been revealed unto him from his Lord and (so
do) the believers. Each one believes in Allah and His Angels and His Books and His
Messengers-We make no distinction between any of His messengers-and they say: We hear,
and we obey.
Grant us Thy forgiveness, our Lord. Unto Thee is the homecoming”. (Qur'an 2.285).
Then he was taken into the Light of the Divine Presence of Allah, and was instructed that
Muslims should pray fifty times a day. The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬recalled: “On my way back I passed by
Moses and what a good friend to you he was! He asked me how many prayers had I been
ordained to perform. When I told him fifty, he said, 'Prayer is a serious matter and your people
are weak, so go back to your Lord and ask Him to reduce the number for you and your
community.' I did so and He took away ten. Again I passed by Moses and he said the same
again; and so it went on until only five prayers for the whole day and night were left.
Moses again gave me the same advice. I replied that I had been back to my Lord and asked him
to reduce the number until I was ashamed, and I would not do it again. He of you who performs
the five prayers faithfully, will have the reward of fifty prayers.
Then He came back and everything was just as same as he left, he then again told the whole
story to Quraysh People but they even hate him more and called him mad and insulted him
more. And from now on it was very much hard for Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and his Followers to stay in
mecca.

10) AL-Hijrah.
After all the hardships Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and his followers were facing in mecca with the
permission of Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬all his followers left mecca but he himself stayed waiting for the
permission from Allah to leave the city. Only Hazrat Abu Bakr and Hazrat Ali stayed with
Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬.
So now all the leaders of Mecca assembled in the house of their ancestor, Qusayy, in order to
make a final decision that how they could get rid of Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬before he was able
to rejoin all his followers. Then Each leader then started to put forward ideas about what
should be done, but none of them could agree about which was best, until Abu Jahl told them
his plan. This was that each clan should provide a strong, young warrior, each of whom would
be given a sword. All the young warriors would then wait outside the Prophet's house and
together attack him as he came out. In this way they would be rid of him but as the blame for
killing him would fall on all the clans, the Prophet's family would not be able to seek revenge.
On this another surah Came.
“And when the unbelievers plot against Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, to confine Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, or kill
him, or to drive him out, they were plotting, But Allah was (also) plotting; and Allah is the
best of plotters”. (Qur'an 8.30).
So just before the nightfall the angel Gabriel came to Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬and warned him that did
not sleep in this house, he understood what was happening, so he ordered Hazrat Ali to sleep in
that house instead of him and wrap yourself with a blanket. Then with the coming of darkness
the people who were appointed to kill Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬gathered outside his house, waiting for
Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬to come out.
When Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬got sure that Hazrat Ali was safe he left the house and took handful of
dust and sprinkled it on his enemies’ head and recited some verses which made them blind for
that night completely. The verses he said were.
In the Name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful “Ya Sin By the Wise Qur'an, Thou art truly
among those sent On the straight path; A Revelation of the All-mighty, the All-wise, That thou
may warn a people whose fathers were never warned, so they are heedless. The Word has
already proved true of most of them, yet they do not believe. Lo! We have put on their necks
collars of iron up to the chin, so that they are made stiff-necked. and We have put before
them a barrier; and We have covered them so they do not see”.(Qur'an 36.1-9).

At that time Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬took Abu Bakr with him and left mecca and take Panah in the cave
of Hira. When the leaders got to know all of this and that Muhammad had escaped they set out
in search for him. When the leaders reached that cave where Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬was staying they
saw a “spider web” on the “entrance of the cave” and assume that Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬is not in the
cave. And in this way Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬left mecca. On all this One surah came and that was.
“If you do not help him, still Allah has helped him already, When the unbelievers drove him
forth, (he second of two, When the two were in the Cave, when he said to his companion,
"Grieve not; surely Allah is with us." Then Allah caused His peace and Reassurance to descend
upon him, and helped him with hosts you cannot see, And He made the word of the
unbelievers the lowest; While Allah's word is the uppermost; Allah is Almighty, All-wise”.
(Qur'an 9.40).
The Prophet's ‫ ﷺ‬journey from Mecca to Medina is called the hijrah, or migration. It was really
the first step towards the spread of Islam throughout the entire world, and Muslims begin their
calendar from the year of the hijrah.
 References
https://d1.islamhouse.com/data/en/ih_books/single/
en_the_life_of_the_prophet_muhammad.pdf
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-worldhistory/chapter/
muhammad-and-the-rise-of-islam/
https://www.scribd.com/document/389186636/Life-of-Holy-Prophet-
in-Makkah.