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Homework 1
Homework 1
Biostatistics
Caucasus International University
ASSIGNMENT 1
Due 10 November, 2022 at 23:59 (Georgian time)
1. The duration of time from first exposure to HIV infection to AIDS diagnosis is called the incubation
period. The incubation periods of a sample of 7 HIV infected individuals is given below (in years) :
12.0 10.5
9.5 6.3
13.5 12.5
7.2
=12+10.5+9.5+6.3+13.5+12.5+7.2/7
=71.5/7
=10.214
6.3,7.2,9.5,10.5,12,12.5,13.5 median=10.5
c) Calculate the sample standard deviation. Sd = 2.714424
d) If the number 6.3 above were changed to 1.5, what would happen to the sample mean, median,
and standard deviation? State whether each could increase, decrease, or remain the same.
1. sample mean: decrease
2. sample median: remain the same
3. sample standard deviation: increase
2. In a survey of 3,015 boys age 11. The average height was 146 cm and the standard deviation(SD) was
8 cm. A histogram suggested the heights were approximately normally distributed. Fill in the blanks.
b) Another boy was 148 cm tall. He was above average by ___0.25 _____SDs.
C) A third boy was 1.5 SDs below the average height. He was ______134______cm tall.
D) If a boy was within 2.25 SDs of average height, the shortest he could have been is ____128____cm
and the tallest is _____164_____cm.
3. The body mass index (BMI) is sometimes used as a measure of obesity. Body mass index is defined
as weight (kg) divided by square of height (meter). Suppose in a population of middle-aged men,
BMI is normally distributed and the population mean BMI is 26.7 and standard deviation is 3.2.
Suppose a particular man has a BMI of 31.2
a) What is the Z-score (standard normal score) associated with this particular man ? 1.4
b) What is probability that another randomly chosen man has a more “extreme” BMI? Here, “extreme”
refers to BMI that is at least 4.5 above or below the population mean, that is, either a BMI greater
than 31.2 (overweight) or a BMI less than 22.2 (underweight).
5. A sample of 5 body weights (in pound) is as follows :116, 168, 124, 132, 110. The sample median is :
a) 124
b) 116
c) 132
d) 130
e) None of the above
6. Suppose a population measure is known to be normally distributed ( and you are a member
of the population)
a) If you have a standard score of Z=2, what percentage of the population has Z scores
larger than you?
= 1 - 0.9772
= 0.0228
= 2.28% ~2.3%
b) If you have a standard score of Z=1, what percentage of the population has Z scores less
than yours
7. A survey is being planned of 400 mothers to estimate the proportion or fraction of mothers
who breast feed in a certain country in Asia. Preliminary information suggests that about
80% of the women breast feed and 20% do not. Given this information, estimate what will
be the 95% error bound (margin of error) on the proportion who breast feed from this
survey:
(a) ±0.01
(b) ±0.02
(c) ±0.03
(d) ±0.04
(e) ±0.05
(f) ±0.06
(g) ±0.07
(h) ±0.08
(i) ±0.10
(j) ±0.20
8. Suppose the birthweights of a random sample of 100 deliveries at a hospital are recorded.
The sample mean is 120 ounces and the sample standard deviation is 40. A 95% confidence
interval for the population mean birthweight is
9. A study of 100 patients is performed to determine if the cholesterol levels are lowered after
three months of taking a new drug. Cholesterol levels are measured on each individual at
the beginning of the study and three months later. The cholesterol change is calculated –
which is the value at three months minus the value at the beginning of the study. On
average, the mean change in cholesterol levels among these 100 patients decreased by -
10.0, and the standard deviation of the changes in cholesterol was 30. A 95 % confidence
interval for the mean change in cholesterol is approximately
(a) -70 to +50
(b) -40 to +20
(c) -16 to -4
(d) -13 to -7
(e) Cannot be determined from the information givens
(f) Can be determined from the information given, but none of the above choices is
correct.