Chapter 7 1

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200)

▪ Project is a collection of linked activities, carried out in an
organized manner, with a clearly defined START POINT and
END POINT to achieve some specific results desired to satisfy
the needs of the organization at the current time
▪ Management : is the process of Planning, Organizing,
Controlling and Measuring
▪ Project Management is a dynamic process that utilizes the
appropriate resources of the organization in a controlled and
structured manner, to achieve some clearly defined objectives
identified as needs. It is always conducted within a defined set
of constraints
▪ The purpose of project management is prediction and
prevention, not recognition and reaction

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 2

▪ Nearly Everyone uses Project Management to some degree, people plan their Days, their
Weeks, their Vacations and their Budgets and keep a simple project management form
known as ‘’To Do’’ list
▪ Any Process or Means used to track tasks or efforts towards accomplishing a goal could
be considered Project Management
▪ We use Project Management to Aid us in Maximizing and Optimizing our resources to
accomplish our goals
▪ We need project management to:
▪ Enables us to map out a course of action or work plan
▪ Helps us to think systematically
▪ Single task with specific objective
▪ Manage limited resources with limited time

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 3

 • DELAY

• COST

• WASTE OF RESOURCES

• QUALITY

• DISAPPOINTMENT

• REPUTATION

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 4

 • POOR REQUIREMENT

• LACK OF SUPERVISION AND

MANAGEMENT

• UNREALISTIC EXPECTATIONS

• LACK OF RESOURCES

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 5

Time
▪ Leave time to debug or fix errors All projects are carried out under certain
▪ Don’t assume things will fit together the first time constraints – traditionally, they are cost,
▪ Order parts well in advance to leave time for shipping, errors, or backorders time and scope. These three factors
▪ Push delivery times back to a week before they’re actually due – this will help (commonly called 'the triple constraint')
to avoid panic if things go badly
are represented as a triangle. Each
Cost constraint forms the vertices, with quality
▪ Develop a budget as the central theme.
▪ Extra costs
▪ Shipping
▪ Travel
▪ Extra parts such as nails, screws, resistors

▪ Have someone be responsible for managing the budgets and financial aspects

Scope
▪ Get the right people on the right tasks

▪ Balance the work between everyone

▪ Weekly updates – does everyone understand what they’re doing and is 6

everyone still on task? Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200)
 Customer Requirements Completed within allocated time
satisfied/exceeded frame

Completed within allocated budget Accepted by the customer

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 7

▪ Project Charter is a statement of the scope,
objectives, and participants in a project

▪ Other important elements include

▪ Deliverables: A deliverable is a tangible or intangible
good or service produced as a result of a project that is
intended to be delivered to a customer
▪ Duration

▪ Stakeholders: any one who may affect, be affected by

project
▪ Team members

▪ Milestones: are tools used in project management to

mark specific points along a project timeline, such as a
project start and end date, a need for external review or
input and budget checks, among others. In many
instances, milestones do not impact project duration.
Instead, they focus on major progress points that must
be reached to achieve success

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 8

▪ A Gantt chart is a type of bar chart that illustrates a project schedule. Gantt charts
illustrate the start and finish dates of the terminal elements and summary elements of
a project. Terminal elements and summary elements comprise the work breakdown
structure of the project. Gantt charts also show the dependency (i.e., precedence
network) relationships between activities.
▪ Critical Path: The longest series of dependent project tasks (prerequisites such as the
math curriculum for engineering).

9
Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200)
▪ “Failure to plan is planning to fail.”

▪ Identification and Addition of missing and new activities

▪ Easy and Early identification of Bottlenecks

▪ Monitoring/ Sequencing
▪ Activity based costing

▪ Blocking unnecessary activity

▪ Timely Completion

▪ Assigning tasks
▪ Reporting

Prepared by Dr. Musa Alyaman Introduction to Engineering (0908200) 10