Question 1:

π/2
∫ sin2  x dx.
0

Answer 1:
π
∫0 sin2 x  d x
2

π
1−cos 2x
= ∫0 2
2  dx
π
1 2
= ∫
2 0
(1 − cos 2x) dx
π
1 sin 2x 2
= 2 [x − 2 ]0
1
= 2
( π2 − 0)
π
= 4

Question 2:
π/2
∫ cos2  x dx.
0

Answer 2:
π
∫02 cos2 x  d x
π
1+cos 2x
= ∫0 2 2  dx
π
1 2
= ∫
2 0
(1 + cos 2x) dx
π
1 sin 2x 2
= 2 [x + 2 ]0
1
= 2
[ π2 + 0]
π
= 4

Question 3:
π/2
∫ sin2  x dx.
−π/2

Answer 3:
π
∫ 2
− π2
sin2 x  d x
π
1−cos 2x
= ∫−2π 2
 dx
2
π
1 2
= ∫
2 − π2
(1 − cos 2x)dx
π
1 sin 2x 2
= 2
[x − 2
]− π
2
1
= 2 ( π2 − 0 + π
2 − 0)
π
= 2

Question 4:
 π/2
∫ cos2  x dx.
−π/2

Answer 4:
π
∫ 2
− π2
cos2  x d x
π
1+cos 2x
= ∫−2π 2
 dx
2
π
1 2
= ∫
2 − π2
(1 + cos 2x)  dx
π
1 sin 2x 2
= 2
[x + 2
]− π
2
1
= 2 ( π2 + 0 + π
2 − 0)
π
= 2

Question 5:
π/2
∫ sin3  x dx.
−π/2

Answer 5:
π
Let  I = ∫ 2
− π2
sin3 x d x
π
=∫ 2
− π2
sin x  sin2 x  dx
π
=∫ 2
− π2
sin x (1 − cos2 x) dx
Let   cos x  = t,   then   − sin x dx  = dt,
When,  x → − π2  ;  t → 0  and  x → π2  ;  t → 0
0
I = ∫0 (−1 + t2  ) dt
=0

Question 6:
π/2
∫ x  cos2  x dx.
−π/2

Answer 6:
We   have,
π
I=∫ 2
− π2
x  cos2 x  d x
Let  f (x) = x  cos2 x
⇒  f (−x) = (−x ) cos2 (−x)
= −x  cos2 x
∴ f (−x) = −f (x)
i. e. ,  f (x)  is   odd   function
a
We   know   that   ∫−a f (x)  d x = 0 ,   if  f (x)  is   odd   function.
π
∴ I = ∫−2π x  cos2 x  d x = 0
2
Question 7:
π/4
∫ tan2  x dx.
0

Answer 7:

π
∫0 tan2 x  d x
4

π
= ∫0 (sec2 x − 1)  d x
4

π
= [tan x − x]0 4

π
=1− 4
−0
π
=1− 4

Question 8:
1
1
∫ x2 +1
 dx.
0

Answer 8:
1 1
∫0 1+x2
dx
1
= [tan−1 x]0
π
= 4
−0
π
= 4

Question 9:
1
|x|
∫ x  dx.
−2

Answer 9:
1 |x|
Let,  I = ∫−2 x
dx
We   have,
x                0 ≤ x ≤ 1
|x| = {
−x           − 2 ≤ x < 0
1                0 ≤ x ≤ 1
|x|
∴ x
={
−1           − 2 ≤ x < 0
Therefore,
0 1
I = ∫−2 −1dx + ∫0   1  dx
0 1
  = −[x]−2 + [x]0
 =0−2+1−0
  = −1

Question 10:
 ∞
∫ e−x  dx.
0

Answer 10:
∞
∫0 e−x d x
∞
= −[e−x ]0
= − (0 − 1)
=0+1
=1

Question 11:
4
1
∫ √16−x2
 dx.
0

Answer 11:
4 1
∫0 dx
√16−x2
4 1
= ∫0 dx
√42 −x2
x 4
= [sin−1 ]
4 0

= ( π2 − 0)
π
= 2

Question 12:
3
1
∫ x2 +9
 dx.
0

Answer 12:
3 1
∫0 x2 +9
dx
3
= ∫0 2 1 2 d x
x +3
1 −1 x 3
 = 3  [tan 3 ]0
1 −1
= 3 (tan 1 −   tan−1 0)
1 π
= 3 ( 4 −  0)
π
= 12

Question 13:
π/2
∫ √1 − cos  2x dx.
0

Answer 13:

π
 π
∫0 √1 − cos 2x d x
2

π
= ∫02 √2 sin2 x  dx
π
  = ∫02 √2  sin x  dx
π
= −√2 [cos x]02

= − (0 − √2)

= √2
 

Question 14:
π/2
∫ log   tan  x dx.
0

Answer 14:
π
Let,  I = ∫0 log   tan x d x         . . .  (i)
2

π
a a
= ∫0 log   tan ( π2 − x) dx               [Using,   ∫0  f (x) dx = ∫0  f (a − x) dx]
2

π
= ∫0 log  cotx dx                . . .  (ii)
2

Adding  (i)  and  (ii)  we   get

π π
2I = ∫0 log   tan x  d x + ∫0 log  cotx dx
2 2

π
    = ∫0 log (tan x × cotx)dx
2

π
    = ∫0 log 1 dx = 0
2

Hence,  I = 0

Question 15:
π/2
3+5  cos  x
∫ log   ( 3+5  sin  x ) dx.
0

Answer 15:
 π
3+5 cos x
Let,  I = ∫0 log ( 2
3+5 sin x
) d x                   . . .  (i)

π
π 3+5 cos( −x)
= ∫0 l og [
2 2
]  dx
3+5 sin( π2 −x)

π
3+5 sin x
= ∫02 l og ( 3+5 cos x )  dx                      . . .  (ii)

Adding  (i)  and  (ii)

π
3+5 cos x 3+5 sin x
2I = ∫0 [log ( 2
3+5 sin x
) + l og ( 3+5 cos x )]   d x
π
3+5 cos x 3+5 sin x
     = ∫0 log ( 2
3+5 sin x × 3+5 cos x )  dx
π
      = ∫02 log 1  dx = 0
Hence  I = 0

Question 16:
π/2
sinn  x
∫ sinn  x+cosn  x
 dx,  n ∈ N.
0

Answer 16:
π
sinn x
Let  I = ∫0 2
n
sin x+cosn x
d x                . . . (i)

π
π sinn ( −x)
= ∫0 2 2
dx
sinn ( π2 −x)+cosn ( π2 −x)
π
cosn x
= ∫0 2
cosn x+sinn x
dx
π
cosn x
= ∫0 2
n
sin x+cosn x
d x                    . . . (ii)

Adding  (i)  and  (ii)

π
sinn x cosn x
2I = ∫0 [ 2
n
sin x+cosn x
+ n
sin x+cosn x
] d x  
π
sinn x+cosn x
=   ∫0 2
sinn x+cosn x
  dx
π
= ∫02 dx
π
= [x]0 2

π
= 2
π
Hence  I = 4

Question 17:
π
∫ cos5  x dx.
0

Answer 17:
 π
Let  I = ∫0 cos5 x  d x
π 2
        = ∫0 cos x(cos2 x)  dx
π 2
        = ∫0 cos x(1 − sin2 x)  dx
   Let   sin x  = t,   then   cos x dx  =  dt
When,  x → 0 ;  t → 0  and  x → π ;  t → 0
  Therefore,
0 2
I = ∫0 (1 − t2 )  dt
     
   = 0

Question 18:
π/2
∫ log ( a−sin  θ
a+sin  θ
) dθ
−π/2

Answer 18:
π
Let,  I = ∫ 2
− π2
log ( a−sin θ
a+sin θ
)dθ

Here,  f (θ) = log ( a−sin θ

a+sin θ
)
a−sin(−θ) a−sin θ
Consider,  f (−θ) = log [ a+sin(−θ)
] = − log ( a+sin θ ) = −f (θ)
i. e. ,  f (θ)  is   odd   function.
Therefore,  I = 0

Question 19:
1
∫ x |x| dx.
−1

Answer 19:

−x ,   − 1 < x < 0

|x|  =   {
  x ,  0 < x < 1
−x2  ,   − 1 < x < 0
∴ x |x|  =   { 2
  x  ,  0 < x < 1
1
Now,   ∫−1 x |x| d x
0 1
= ∫−1 − x2  dx + ∫0  x2  dx
0 1
= − ∫−1  x2  dx + ∫0  x2  dx
0 1
= −[ x3 ] + [ x3 ]
3 3

−1 0

= − (0 + 13 ) + ( 13 − 0)
= 0 − 13 + 13 − 0
=0

Question 20:
b
f(x)
∫ f(x)+f(a+b−x)
 dx.
a
Answer 20:
b f(x)
Let  I = ∫a f(x)+f(a+b−x)
d x           . . .  (i)
b f(a+b−x)
       = ∫a f(a+b−x)+f(a+b−a−b+x)
dx
b f(a+b−x)
       = ∫a f(a+b−x)+f(x)
dx
b f(a+b−x)
∴  I = ∫a f(x)+f(a+b−x)
d x            . . . (ii)

Adding  (i)  and  (ii)  we   get

b f(x) f(a+b−x)
2I = ∫a [ f(x)+f(a+b−x)
+ f(x)+f(a+b−x)
]dx
b f(x)+f(a+b−x)
    = ∫a f(x)+f(a+b−x)
  dx

    = [x]ba
    = b − a
b−a
Hence,  I = 2

Question 21:
1
1
∫ 1+x2
 dx
0

Answer 21:
1 1
∫0 1+x2
dx
1
= [tan−1 x]0
= tan−1 1 − tan−1 0
= π4 − 0
π
= 4

Question 22:
Evaluate each of the following integrals:

π
∫0 tan xdx
4

Answer 22:

π
∫0 tan xdx
4

π
= logsec x 0 4

π
= logsec 4
− logsec 0
= log √2 − log 1
1
= log 2 2 − 0
1
= 2
log 2

Question 23:
3
1
∫ x dx
2
Answer 23:
3 1
∫2 x dx
3
= [loge x]2
= loge 3 − loge 2
= loge ( 32 )

Question 24:
2
∫ √4 − x2  dx
0

Answer 24:
2
∫0 √4 − x2 d x
2
= ∫0 √2 2 − x 2 d x
2
x 1 2 −1 x
= [ √4 −
2
x2 + 2
×2 sin 2 ]
0
2
x 2
= [ x2 √4 − x2 ] + 2[sin−1 ]
2 0
0

= 0 + 2 ( π2 − 0)
=π

Question 25:
1
2x
∫ 1+x2
 dx
0

Answer 25:
We   have,
1 2x
I = ∫0 1+x2
dx
Putting  1 + x2 = t
⇒ 2x dx = dt
When  x → 0;  t → 1
And  x → 1;  t → 2
2 dt
∴ I = ∫1 t
= [loge   |t|]21
= loge 2 − loge 1
= loge 2 − 0
= loge 2

Question 26:
Evaluate each of the following  integrals:

1
∫0 xex dx                 [CBSE 2014]
2

Answer 26:
 1
I = ∫0 xex dx
2

1 1 x2
= ∫ e 2xdx
2 0

Put x2 = z

⇒ 2xdx = dz

When x → 0,  z → 0

When x → 1,  z → 1

1 1 z
∴I= ∫ e dz
2 0
1 1
= 2 × ez 0
1
= 2
(e − e0 )
1
= 2
(e − 1)

Question 27:
Evaluate each of the following integrals:

π
∫04 sin 2xdx              [CBSE 2014]

Answer 27:

π
∫0 sin 2xdx
4

π
− cos 2x 4
= 2 0

= − 12 (cos π2 − cos 0)
= − 12 × (0 − 1)
1
= 2

Question 28:
Evaluate each of the following integrals:

e2 1
∫e x log x dx               [CBSE 2014]

Answer 28:

2
 e2 1
∫e x log x dx
1
e2
= ∫e log x
x
dx
e2 f'(x)
= log (log x)                                             [∫ f(x)
dx = log f (x) + C]
e

= log (log e2 ) − log (log e)

= log (2 log e) − log (log e)  
= log 2 − log 1                                             (log e = 1)
= log 2 − 0
= log 2                

Question 29:
Evaluate each of the following integrals:

π
∫0 ex (sin x − cos x)dx                 [CBSE 2014]
2

Answer 29:

Disclaimer: The solution has been provided by taking the lower limit of integral as 0.

π
∫02 ex (sin x − cos x)dx
π
= − ∫02 ex [cos x + (− sin x)]dx
π
= − e cos x 0                                     {∫ ex [f (x) + f' (x)]dx = ex f (x) + C}
x 2

π
π
= − (e 2 cos 2
− e0 cos 0)
π
= − (e 2 × 0 − 1 × 1)
= − (0 − 1)
=1

Question 30:
Solve each of the following integrals:

4 x
∫2 x2 +1
dx                 [CBSE 2014]

Answer 30:

4 x
∫2 x2 +1
dx
1 4 2x
= ∫
2 2 x2 +1
dx
1 4 f'(x)
= 2
× log (x2 + 1)                       [∫ f(x)
dx = log f (x) + C]
2
1
= 2
(log 17 − log 5)
1
= 2
log ( 17
5 )                              (log a − log b = log ba )