#InnovationForTheFuture

PAST SIMPLE TENSE

A WAY TO TALK ABOUT THE PAST

INSTITUT TEKNOLOGI
TELKOM JAKARTA
Creative Industry, Digital Economy, Entrepreneurship

ENGLISH I
Lead-in

– Do you like holiday?

– How often do you go for a holiday in a year?
– Last holiday:
– Where?
– When?
– With who?
– Activities you did there?
Scene Setting
Meet these families..
– In your opinion where are they?
– What are they going to do?
– How are their feelings?
They are going on holiday…
Climb mountain Holiday activities
– What do people do when they are going on holiday?

Build
sandcastle

See Elephants

Collecting
Explore desert Ride kayak apples
Target Language
When they all return from
holiday, they usually share the
stories to friends, neighbors,
and relatives …
How would those families say about their
activities in their holiday?

We climbed a mountain

We = subject
Climbed = verb 2
A mountain = object
Climb mountain
 Build Ride kayak
sandcastle

Explore desert

We explored We built We rode kayak

a desert a sandcastle

See We saw Elephants

Elephants
 How about Their feeling?

Collect apples in the farm

We collected apples
We were very happy
in the farm
When talking about past events, we use Past Simple Tense
– Formula: if there is a verb in the sentence
Past Simple
(+) S + Verb 2 + O (e.g. We had a picnic) Tense
(-) S + did + not + verb 1 + O (e.g. We didn’t have a picnic)
(?) Did + S + verb 1 + O? (e.g. Did we have a picnic?)
if there are only NOUNS and ADJECTIVES
(+) S + past to be + noun/adjective (e.g. We were happy)
(-) S + past to be + not + noun/adjective (e.g. We were not happy)
(?) Past to be + S + noun/adjective (e.g. Were we happy?)
Common time adverbials:
Yesterday, the other day, just now, the day before yesterday, past dates (e.g., in 1998)
(numbers) minute/hour(s) ago, (numbers) week(s) ago, (numbers) year(s) ago,
The night before, last night, last Monday, last week, last month, last year
Past events (e.g. On my last birthday, during my childhood, when I was a child/when I lived in …)
Verb 2 - Why are they different?

– Climbed – Built
– Explored – Rode
– Collected – Saw
– Visited – Had
– Waited – Took
– Committed – Bought
– Planted – Went
– Were / Was
 Past Tense Verbs
– Most past tense verbs end in “ed”, but there are several
rules to use while changing the present to past tense.
– Past tense verbs tell action that has already happened.
– Some words change spelling to show past tense.

Examples:
Beg - begged grow - grew
Visit - visited run - ran
Play - played eat - ate
Plot - plotted fly – flew
Regular form Irregular form
From Present to Past

– There are five ways to change a verb from present

tense to past tense.
1. Just add –ed.
2. Double the final consonant and add –ed.
3. Drop the final e and add –ed.
4. Change the y to i and add –ed.
5. Change the spelling.
– We did this when we changed a singular noun to a
plural noun and with verb agreement too.
Just add -ed

– Most verbs can change from the present to the

past by just adding –ed.

Today I walk home.

Yesterday I walked home.

Did it rain today?

It rained yesterday.
Doubling the Final Consonant

– When a present tense verb ends with one vowel and

one consonant, double the final consonant and add –
ed to make the verb change to past tense.

Drop the ball.

He dropped the ball.

Hop on one foot.

She hopped on one foot.
Dropping the Final e

– When a present tense verb ends with a sneaky/silent e,

drop the e and add –ed to make the verb change to past
tense.
Skate with me.
We skated together at the rink.

I like to shop.
I liked shopping with you.
Changing y to i

– When a present tense verb ends with a y, change the y to

i and add –ed to make the verb change to past tense.

Will you help me carry the groceries?

We carried them to the kitchen.

Eric asked me to marry him on New Year’s Day.

We married on August 2, 1997.
Changing the Spelling

– Sometimes a present tense verb changes its entire

spelling to make the verb change to past tense. If it
helps say, “Yesterday I ______,” to help find the right
word to use in the past tense.
We eat lunch at 11:30.
We ate lunch at 11:30 yesterday.

Stand straight in line.

We stood straight in line.
Question forms

– Yes/no questions
Did you study at campus yesterday?
yes, I did
No, I didn’t
– WH-question
Who did you meet at campus yesterday?
I met my friends yesterday
Summary
 Exercise 1

Rephrase
these
sentences
using
was/were by
matching each
of the
meanings

Example: 1. She was very tired

Exercise 2
E
x
e
r
c
i
s
e

3
E
x
e
r
c
i
s
e

4
 Homework

Example is in slide 21
THANK YOU