Free-range Chicken

Production
By: Budji Fernando, DVM
Where did the modern chicken came from?
• Domestication dates back to 2000 BC
• Modern domestic chickens comes from the
red jungle fowl (manok ihalas)
Common chicken breeds
• There are about 65 recognized breeds of chickens
• Egg layers
• Meat birds
• Show birds/fancy breeds
Egg layers
• Hybrid – 350 eggs/yr
• Rhode Island Red – 250 eggs/year
• Leghorn – 250 eggs/year
• Sussex - 250 eggs/year
• Plymouth Rock – 200 eggs/year
• Ancona – 200 eggs/year
• Barnevelder – 200 eggs/year
• Hamburg – 200 eggs/year
• Marans – 200 eggs/yr
• Buff Orpington – 180 eggs/yr
• Philippine native chicken – 60 eggs/yr
Meat birds
• Cornish crosses -1.6kg in
30 days
• Cobb
• Hubbard
• Arbor Acres
• Jersey Giant – 5.9kg (male)
• Bresse – most expensive
breed of chicken (as high
as Php970/kg
• Orpington – from england
• Philippine native chicken –
1.3kg (male) in 120days
How free-range chicken production started in
the Philippines
• Bobby Inocencio of AP Inocencio farms of Teresa, Rizal imported
SASSO breeders in the mid 1990’s
• Solraya Enterprises acquired SASSO distributorship in the early 2000s
and called them sunshine chickens
• Dr. Erwin Cruz imported Grimaud Freres (Hubbard breeders) in the
2000s
• Bounty Fresh acquired the distributorship from Dr. Erwin Cruz in 2009
• San Miguel acquired SASSO distributorship after 2010
• CP Philippines also became a player in free-range chicken production
• Sasso is not a breed of chicken
• Selection Avicole de la Sarthe et du Sud Ouest - Selection of Avian from
Sarthe (a place in north of France) and South- West, a breeding company that
specializes in colored free-range chicken in France for the free-range chicken
production
• Kabir is also not a breed but a name of a genetic company
Hybrid free-range chicken
• Hubbard
• Sasso
Basic breeding
• Pagpili sa pwede gamiton na breeders
• Pilia ang mga baskog nga mga breeders na wala niagi sa sakit
• Maayo ang porma sa lawas
• Tin-aw ang mata
• Tingkad na pula ang tapay
• Dili kiang o baldado
Breeding
• Taman sa pulo ka babae kada usa ka
lalaki
• Pagtan-aw ug timailhan sa over
mating
• Mas aktibo ang paghabal sa lalaki sayo
sa buntag ug paingon sa gabii
• Sakto ug pagkaon para mamaintain
ang sakto na panglawas
Laying
• Isa ka pugaran/salag kada lima ka babae
• Isarado ang pugaran kada hapon ug ablihan sayo sa buntag
• Dapat pirmi ug naay nesting material
• Uhot
• Rice hull
• Kuhaon ang itlog sa pugaran kada duha ka oras
• Mas pirmi, mas maayo
Hatching eggs
• Store between 19-21˚C
• Prevents development of embryo
• Ideal storage is 1 week. The longer the storage, the lesser the hatchability
• Warm stored eggs to room temp before putting into incubator
• Selecting hatching eggs
• Egg shape
• Egg shell
Hairline cracks
Day-old chick quality
• Mga timailhan nga pangit ang piso
• Luya
• Wala natarong ug sara ang pusod
• Pula ug hubag ang ankles
• Below 33 grams (for broilers)
Basis for culling
• Physical conformation
• Size
• Lameness
• Deformities
• Disease
• Performance
Culling
• Isa ka pamaagi sa pagtangtang sa hinay, masakiton, o baldado na
manok
• Malikayan ang posibilidad na matakdan ang mga baskog na mga manok sa
masakiton na manok
• Mahatagan ug sakto nga espasyo sa tubig ug pagkaon ang kada manok
• Makamenos sa gasto sa pagkaon
Mga rason sa pag-cull sa manok
• Naay sakit
• Dili na matambalan
• Pwede makatakod sa uban nga manok
• Muhinay ang performance
• Piang/baldado
• Dili na makatindog
• Pirmi mailugan sa pagkaon
• Dili na makabreed
• Wala na nangitlog
• Sayang ang pagkaon
• Gagmay kaayo
• Dili na makaapas sa tubo
• Sayang lang ang pagkaon
THE END!!!
Thank You!