The following is an example of a three-tier architecture that follows AWS best practices:

Diagram

Networking Layer: Amazon Virtual Private Cloud (Amazon VPC) is used to create a virtual network in
the cloud, isolated from the rest of the AWS infrastructure. This allows for the creation of a private
subnet for the compute and database layers, and a public subnet for the load balancer. A NAT
gateway is also used in the public subnet to allow outbound internet access for the private subnet.

Compute Layer: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) is used to launch virtual servers in the
private subnet. These servers are behind an Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) in the public subnet, which
distributes incoming traffic across multiple instances for high availability.

Database Layer: Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS) with high availability is used to
host the backend database in the private subnet. A Multi-AZ deployment is used to ensure that the
database is highly available, with automatic failover in the event of a failure.

In this architecture, clients access the application through the load balancer in the public subnet. The
load balancer then directs traffic to the appropriate server in the private subnet, where the
application is running. The application then communicates with the backend database in the private
subnet to retrieve or update data.
I chose to use Amazon VPC for the networking layer because it allows for the creation of a virtual
network that is isolated from the rest of the AWS infrastructure. This provides an added level of
security and control over the network.

I chose to use Amazon EC2 for the compute layer because it allows for the launch of virtual servers
with a wide range of configurations, making it a flexible and cost-effective option. The use of Elastic
Load Balancing ensures that the application is highly available and can handle large amounts of
traffic.

I chose to use Amazon RDS with high availability for the database layer because it is a fully managed
service that makes it easy to set up, operate, and scale a relational database. The use of a Multi-AZ
deployment ensures that the database is highly available, with automatic failover in the event of a
failure.

In summary, the architecture is designed to be highly available, scalable, and secure by utilizing
Amazon VPC, Amazon EC2, Amazon RDS and Elastic Load Balancing services. Traffic flows from the
client to the load balancer, then to the appropriate server, and finally to the database, ensuring that
data is accessible and secure at all times.

Additionally, in this architecture, security groups and network access control lists (ACLs) can be used
to restrict access to the private subnet and the resources within it. Security groups can be used to
control inbound and outbound traffic to the EC2 instances, while network ACLs can be used to
control inbound and outbound traffic to the subnet.

Furthermore, in order to provide a secure and stable environment for the database, it is important
to implement regular backups and monitoring. Amazon RDS provides the ability to schedule
automated backups and point-in-time recovery, ensuring that data is protected in case of any data
loss. Additionally, Amazon CloudWatch can be used to monitor the performance of the RDS
instances and the application servers.

Another important aspect to consider is disaster recovery. In this architecture, the use of multiple
availability zones within the same region ensures that the application and the database are
protected against failures within a single data center. However, for a complete disaster recovery
plan, it is also important to consider replicating the architecture across multiple regions, allowing for
fast recovery in case of a regional disaster.

In summary, the three-tier architecture presented here is designed to follow AWS best practices by
utilizing services such as Amazon VPC, Amazon EC2, Amazon RDS with high availability, and Elastic
Load Balancing. By implementing this architecture, the solution will be highly available, scalable,
secure, and easy to manage. It is important to consider additional security measures such as security
groups and network ACLs, regular backups and monitoring, and disaster recovery planning to ensure
the integrity and availability of the data.