PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE Americans aimed to colonize the

WEEK 6 Philippines because they saw the country as

a potential market for American products.
The American Regime The Americans also saw the Philippines as a
new source of cheap raw materials. They
also found out that the Philippines is
This lesson focuses on the American
strategically positioned to serve as its base
occupation of the Philippines. It includes the
to control the entire Pacific and other
reforms in the government and educational
countries.
system and their influence on the Filipino
people.
The American rule in the Philippines
started with a military government under
TERMS
Gen. Wesley Merritt (August 14, 1898), then
was succeeded by Gen. Eswell.
A. Military Rule– the first form of
government used by the Americans
The Filipinos continued to resist,
to rule the Philippines
which made Gen. Mac Arthur ordered the
deportation of some Filipino politicians and
● Pres. McKinley– ordered the military
leaders of the revolution to Guam to support
commander, Gen. Wesley Merritt to
the guerilla war.
establish a military government in
the Philippines;
The military government was
composed of the Supreme Court, where six
● August 14, 1898– Merritt became the
members were Filipinos. It organized the
first military governor of the
provincial and municipal government and
Philippines;
conducted the first election in Baliuag,
Bulacan. It also prepared the ground for a
● August 29, 1898-1900— Gen.
civil government and opened Manila and
Merritt was succeeded by Gen.
other posts for commerce.
Elwell Otis as military governor;
THE ROAD TO INDEPENDENCE
● May 5, 1900-1909— Gen. Arthur
MacArthur succeeded Gen. Otis
C. Jones Law of 1916– first official
and clear response to the call for
B. Civil Government– the government
independence which replaced the
that succeeded the Military Rule
Philippine Organic Act of 1902.

● July 04, 1901– American Civil

D. OsRox Mission– Sergio Osmena
Government was established
and Manuel Roxas went to the
● Gen. Goward Taft– the Governor
United States to secure the passage
General until December 23, 1903.
 of an independence bill in December
1931.
E. Hare-Hawes-Cutting Act– the
independence bill which is the result
of the OsRox Mission
F. Tydings-McDuffie Act– allowed the
Philippines a ten-year transition
under a Philippine Commonwealth in
preparation for granting freedom.
G. July 4, 1946– US granted the
Philippine Independence
DEPORTATION OF PATRIOTS
Gen. Arthur MacArthur– ordered
the deportation of some Filipino
politicians and leaders of revolution
to Guam for the reason of supporting
the guerilla war.
Deported Filipinos– Apolinario
Mabini, Pablo Ocampo, Julian
Gerona, Gen. Artemio Ricarte,
Maximino Hizon, Pio del Pilar and
Mariano Llanera
–Gabaldon Act of 1907– provided for the
allocation for the construction of public
schools in the Philippines
–Establishment of school for higher
education: University of the Philippines in
1908, Philippines Normal College,
Polytechnic University of the Philippines.
II. ECONOMY
–business flourished
–new industries
–free trade America
–agriculture increased
–improvement of transportation and
communication
III. OTHER CONTRIBUTIONS
–freedom of religion
–training in Democracy
–free education
–better health service
–emancipation of women
–recreation, movies, theater

AMERICAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO
THE PHILIPPINES

I. EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM

–first teachers were Thomasites (American

soldiers)
–next batch of teachers were the
Pensionados (young and brilliant Filipinos
who were government scholars to US)