Linear Equation

+b
mx
Y=
What is Cartesian coordinate plane
●
A Cartesian coordinate plane is a
two-dimensional coordinate system
used in mathematics and engineering.
●
It is named after René Descartes, the
French philosopher who first
described it.
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It has X and Y axis
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These axes intersect at a point called
the origin.
 Cont..
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The position of any point in the
plane can be represented by an
ordered pair of numbers (x,y).
● These ordered pairs are called the
coordinates of the point.
● The First coordinate is called the
X-coordinate or abscissa
● The second coordinate is called the
Y- coordinate or ordinate.
Quadrants
●
A Quadrant is a division of a plane into four equal parts.
●
These four regions are called quadrants because they
each represent one-quarter of the whole coordinate plane.
They are denoted by Roman numerals and each of these
quadrants have their own properties.
●
Quadrant I: The upper right quadrant is the first
quadrant, denoted as Quadrant I.
●
Quadrant II: The upper left quadrant is the second
quadrant, denoted as Quadrant II.
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Quadrant III: The bottom left quadrant is the third
quadrant, denoted as Quadrant III.
●
Quadrant IV: The bottom right quadrant is the fourth
quadrant, denoted as Quadrant IV.
 What is Linear Equation
●
A linear equation is an equation in which the highest power of the
variable is always 1.
●
It is also known as a one-degree equation.
●
The standard form of a linear equation in one variable is of the
form Ax + B = 0. Here, x is a variable, A is a coefficient and B is
constant.
●
The standard form of a linear equation in two variables is of the
form Ax + By = C. Here, x and y are variables, A and B are
coefficients and C is a constant.
 Identify Whether the following Equations are Linear or Not ?

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y = 8x - 9 Linear
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y = x2 - 7 Non-Linear, the power of the variable x is 2
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√y + x = 6 Non-Linear, the power of the variable y is 1/2
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y + 3x - 1 = 0 Linear
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y2 - x = 9 Non-Linear, the power of the variable y is 2
 Graph of Linear Equation
The given linear equation is x - 2y = 2.
●
Step 1: Convert the equation in the form of y = mx + b.
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This will give: y = x/2 – 1.
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Step 2: Now, we can replace the value of x for different numbers and get the resulting
value of y to create the coordinates.
Step 3: When we put x = 0 in the equation, we get y = 0/2 - 1, i.e. y = -1. Similarly,
if we substitute the value of x as 2 in the equation, y = x/2 - 1,
we get y = 0.
●
Step 4: If we substitute the value of x as 4, we get y = 1. The value of x = -2 gives
the value of y = -2. Now, these pairs of values of (x, y) satisfy the given linear
equation y = x/2 - 1. Therefore, we list the coordinates as shown in the following
table
●
Step 5: If we substitute the value of x as 4, we get y = 1. The value of x = -2 gives
the value of y = -2. Now, these pairs of values of (x, y) satisfy the given linear
equation y = x/2 - 1. Therefore, we list the coordinates as shown in the following
table.
x 0 2 4 -2
y -1 0 1 -2
●
Step 6: Finally, we plot these points (4,1), (2,0), (0,-1) and (-2, -2) on a graph and
join the points to get a straight line. This is how a linear equation is represented on a
graph..
 The graph of x = a and y = a
● The graph of x = a is a ● The graph of y = b is a
vertical line that passes horizontal line passes
through the point (a, 0). through the point (0, b).
 Linear Equation in One Variable and In two
Variable
● The linear equations in one
variable is an equation which is
expressed in the form of ax+b =
0, where a and b are two
integers, and x is a variable and
has only one solution.
●
For example, 2x+3=8 is a linear
equation having a single
variable in it.
●
An equation is said to be linear
equation in two variables if it is
written in the form of ax + by +
c=0, where a, b & c are real
numbers and the coefficients of x
and y, i.e a and b respectively, are
not equal to zero.
● For example, 10x+4y = 3 and -x+5y
= 2 are linear equations in two
variables
 The Graph of y=mx+b and y=-mx+b
●
y=mx+b ●
y=-mx+b
Questions for Today’s
Lesson
 Question #1
●
Draw a pair of coordinate axes, and
plot the points associated with each of
the following ordered pair of numbers.
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A(5, 9)
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B(7, -3)
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C(-5, 0)
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D(0, 5)
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E(-4,-9)
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F(-7, 2)
 Question #2
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In which quadrant are the
following points located?
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A(5,2)
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B(-7,9)
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C(-4,-7)
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D(5,-9)
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E(5,0)
 Question #3
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Name the quadrant in which
the point P(x, y) lies when:
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a) x > 0 , y < 0
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b) x < 0, y < 0
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c) x < 0 , y > 0
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d) x > 0 , y > 0
 Question #4
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Determine the quadrant(s) in which (x, ●
Quadrant 4
y) is located so that the condition(s) is
(are) satisfied?
●
Quadrant 3
●
a) x > 0 and y < 0 ●
Quadrant 2
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b) x < 0 and -y > 0 ●
Quadrant 1
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c) x = −4 and y > 0 ●
Quadrant 3 and 4
● d) x > 2 and y = 3
●
Quadrant 1 and 4
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e) y < −5
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f) x > 0
 Question #5
Find the coordinates of the point. ●
(-5,2)
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The point is located 5 units to the left of
the y-axis and 2 units above the x-axis.
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(-10,0)
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The point is located on the x-axis and ●
(0,-18)
10 units to the left of the y-axis.
●
The point is located on the y-axis and
●
(8,-7)
18 units below the x-axis.
●
The point is located 8 units to the right
of the y-axis and 7 units below the x-
axis.
 Question #6
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Draw the graphs of the
following lines.
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x=6
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y=7
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x = -6
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y = -10
 Question # 7
●
Let x = b. Where does the graph ●
Let y = b.
lies on the coordinate plane
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Which coordinate is constant,
●
a) If b < 0?
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b) If b = 0?
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Which coordinate varies,
●
c) If b > 0?
Answers

On the left side of the y-axis

y- axis y coordinate constant,
On the right side of the y-axis x coordinate varies
 Questions #8
●
Solve the ff
 Question #9
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Make a Graph
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Y = 5x+2
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Y = 1/2x
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y=-5x+2
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5x+2+2y=2
 Question #10
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Solve and Make a graph
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5x+9y=10
9x+3y=14

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6x+2y=11
7x+6y=15
Homework Solve the following and Draw the Graph
Next Linear Inequality